Low-grown tomatoes for open ground. Low-fat tomatoes that do not require pasynkovaniya. Vintage low-fat tomatoes

Getting a good harvest in a short time is not so easy. This will help specially selected low-growing tomatoes for open ground. Today there is a huge variety of varieties.

Open ground tomatoes

"Watercolor" . Early variety (3 months), the height of the bush is 50 cm., The seedling is not stretched. The fruits are elongated, red (90-110 g) with dense skin. They have good cure and excellent taste qualities, which are not lost after after-dosage. The variety is intended for canning and consumption in fresh form, resistant to apical rot and septoria.

"Supermodel". Medium-early variety with long fruit up to 10-12 cm. Stamp bush height of 60-75 cm. Fruits of crimson hue, moderately dense, weighing 120 g. Suitable for pickling and preservation.

"El Dorado". A yielding variety with oval-cordate fruit of yellow-lemon color, weighing 200-250 g. The height of the stump bush is 50-80 cm.

"Skorospelka." The height of the bush is 60 cm. The shape of the fruit is flattened, the color is red, the mass is 170-200 g. It differs unpretentiousness, early yield of the harvest, excellent fruit tie in conditions of low temperatures.

"Golden Stream". A plant that is resistant to temperature changes. Very early variety with bright orange, smooth fruits, mass 100 g, elongated ellipsoidal shape. It has good yield and resistance to many diseases.

"Red Fang". Ultra-ripped variety is simply strewn with red shiny, finger-shaped fruits weighing 40 g. They are intended for whole-fruit canning and fresh consumption. The bush is 90 cm high.

The above-mentioned low-growing tomatoes that do not require pasynkovaniya ripen quickly enough that they can avoid disease bluetongue.

What tomatoes are grown in the open ground?

The main difference between short and early varieties is the low location of the first flower brush - over 4-5 real leaves. Neighboring inflorescences can be located one after another. Or split in one sheet. The growth of the bush is limited by a flower brush.

Low-grown tomatoes for open ground have time to harvest before the cold rains. Sour tomatoes are well-dispensed in boxes. Superdeterminant low-growing tomatoes for open ground are characterized by a short fruiting period. Their fruits are not large, weighing up to 100 grams, mostly canned food.

In the same way, it is possible to grow determinant varieties. They have a higher height - up to 1 meter and require a garter to support. The first flower brush is located above the 5 leaf. Fruits are larger - up to 200 g. Inflorescences are separated by one or two leaves. These low-growing open ground tomatoes are of a limited growth type.

Terms of planting

In the open ground, low-growing tomatoes that do not require pasynkovaniya, planted in different periods - depending on the region. So, in the southern regions - on the fifteenth of May, in the middle zone - in early June. In northern latitudes, planting is performed when daytime positive temperatures are 14-15 degrees, and the threat of nocturnal frosts passes by June 10-15.

Soil preparation

Low-growing tomatoes that do not require pasynkovaniya, feel good on loamy and sandy loamy soil, rich in humus, with a neutral reaction.

The ridges are located in well-warmed and sheltered places. In one place tomatoes can be grown no more than 3 years, in order to avoid the accumulation of pests and diseases in the soil. Good previous crops are cabbage, onions, zucchini, carrots. You can not grow tomatoes after peppers, potatoes, eggplant, fizalis, as they belong to the family of Solanaceae and have the same pests and the same diseases.

Under the early stunted tomatoes do not make fresh manure, which contains a lot of nitrogen and allows you to increase a large amount of green mass to the detriment of fruit bearing. Therefore, from organic fertilizers we can only use humus - a bucket for 2-3 holes. Mineral complex fertilizers (for example, nitrofoscu) are introduced in the spring under a digging.

Vegetable low-growing tomatoes prefer medium soils. Therefore, clay and peat are added to the sandy soil. This allows it to be connected and better retaining moisture. In clay soils, on the contrary, sand is added, the sawdust, leaves, and peat are scattered.

Before digging, the soil is spilled with copper sulfate (1 tablespoon per bucket of water) at a rate of 2 liters per square meter. Rimes for tomatoes are made low, so that water does not drain from them when watering.

Transplanting

Plants are placed in staggered order or ribbons. The feeding area for early tomatoes is 30 x 40 cm, medium-sized - 50 x 50 cm.

Wells with a diameter of 30 cm after the application of humus are shed by a pink solution of potassium permanganate and planted not overgrown seedlings without penetration. For overgrown seedlings, it is permissible up to 10-15 cm with the removal of one or two leaves. With the buried method, it is possible to lose fruit from the first brush, if it already has a color.

Seedlings for prophylaxis are preferably treated with Bordeaux liquid before planting, which is produced in cloudy weather or in the evening. If the sun suddenly appeared, the seedlings are covered with a non-woven covering material from above to create a shadow.

The plant should have 30 cm in height, the stalk thickness of 0.8-1 cm, 7-8 leaves and one brush that collects the color. After planting, the soil should be better retained - this will prevent it from drying out and cracking. For this, humus, overgrown sawdust, last year's dry leaves or straw can be used.

For the middle band, the maturation of tomatoes in the open field is expected from July 15 (early) and August 5 (mid-ripening).

Harvesting tomatoes

Low-growth tomatoes without paternization of the cultivar "rocker", "baskak", "betta", "bony m" , etc. give 2-3 kg of fruit from the plant. They are distinguished by the early yield of crops and the ripening of tomatoes on the bush.

In addition to varieties with fruits of cannery, today you can buy large-bodied salad.

For example, low-fat tomatoes without "F1 Friday" grades attain a weight of 220 g, "tourmaline" - 160-180 g, "Russian delicious " - 300 g. Yield, respectively, 5, 4, 6 kg from one bush.

Large-fruited varieties

A common misconception is that early-ripening low tomatoes can only have small fruits. But the best grades of tomatoes of undersized prove that this is not so.

"Thick Jack." The early powerful variety is 60 cm high. Fleshy, sweet, red fruits weighing 250 g have high taste qualities and good shelf life. Plants are unpretentious to the conditions of cultivation.

Short-ripened early-ripening tomatoes are also represented by the "darling" variety. Plant height is 60 cm. Fruits are round, smooth, weighing 150 g, do not crack, salad. Plants suffer a drought and a slight cooling. Fruits can be tied in not very favorable conditions.

"Mirage" . Another large-bodied variety with spreading shrubs in height of 60 cm. Red fruits of flat-rounded form of good taste with a mass of 250-270 g.

"The Knight" . Perhaps, the best variety, medium-early, unusually fruitful. The height of the bush is 65 cm. Fleshy fruits weighing 250 g, at the beginning of the fruiting reach 300 grams.

"Apparently invisible." Early ripening tomato 50 cm high is strewn with homogeneous red fruits weighing 130-150 g. It is resistant to fungal diseases.

"Boot A". Very interesting cherry tomato is undersized. It is grown both in the open ground, and in a pot in an apartment, and on a balcony, and even in a pendant container. It forms a compact bush of a stump form and a set of bright red, sweet fruits.

Care

All activities are reduced to timely loosening, watering, fertilizing and preventing diseases.

If the ridges are covered with tomatoes, then loosening is not required - only the removal of rare weeds. Watering in this case can also be reduced - the soil will not crack and moisture will evaporate less.

Providing tomatoes with enough water is a necessary condition for a high yield. Plant the plants between rows or under the root once every five to seven days. The soil should be moistened to the depth of occurrence of the main roots - 30-40 cm. It should be remembered that uneven irrigation contributes to the cracking of fruits.

Feeding

During the growing season fertilization will be required in a dissolved form. The first fertilizing is carried out in half a month after planting the seedlings in the ground. For this, a fertilizer consisting of phosphorus and potassium is used. The second top dressing is done with a full complex fertilizer (nitrofosca) one month after the first one. The third consists of potassium and nitrogen for the early ripening of the fruit and is carried out a month after the second, in mid-August.

To form the ovaries during flowering, you can spray the flowers with this solution: 1 g of boric acid and 1 tsp. Baking soda for 1 liter of water.

Well responded to tomatoes and on foliar top dressing with microelements twice a season.

Root feeding is better combined with watering. First, lightly soak the earth with water. Then make a solution of fertilizers, and after feeding again water. Once a month you can add a little bit of potassium permanganate into the water. Such watering is the prevention of late blight, increases the sugar content of the fruit and ripening occurs more quickly.

Signs of fasting in tomatoes

If the plant lacks nitrogen, the leaves become light green, pale. The lack of phosphorus is expressed by the appearance of a purple hue of the leaves or the lower part of the stem. If the plant begins to dry out, then you need to urgently feed potassium. Twisted leaves suggest that you need to make potassium and nitrogen.

How does excess fertilizer affect?

If the nitrogen is excessive, the plant will intensively increase the green mass ("fatten"), bloom is absent. Excess phosphorus fertilizers will lead to the fall of flowers and ovaries, yellowing of the leaves. Potassium batch is expressed in the appearance of matte spots.