Long-term onions: species, cultivation. Many years onions on the greens

In addition to the usual turnip, in areas of domestic gardeners you can often see an unusually useful long-term onion. It is this variety that opens the vitamin spring season, releasing its green leaves almost the very first in the garden. The peculiarities of perennial bows include, first of all, unpretentiousness in care and high yields.

General characteristics

There are several species of perennial bows. Of course, all of them, like any other garden crops, require watering, loosening and fertilizing. However, in general, caring for them almost does not differ from the care of the usual onion-turnip. Plants are related, and there are not really many differences between them. Turnip and other annuals are grown mainly for large and juicy bulbs. Perennials are planted in the garden for the sake of leaves - for greens. The latter is usually cut 2-3 times per season.

The only distinguishing feature of perennial onions from the usual is the increased demand for the quality of the soil. Plant such crops most often on loamy and sandy loamy nutrient soils. The acidity of the soil in this case should be approximated to neutral. If this indicator is equal to 5.5, lime should be added to the ground.

Sometimes perennial onions are planted and on sandy soils. However, on such soils plants produce a lot of stems and give not too good yield of leaves.

In the same place, a longbow usually grows 2-4 years. Then it needs to be planted again, because the quality of the greenery begins to deteriorate. The pen not only tends, but also loses its characteristic rich taste.

Varieties

Sorts of perennial bows, unfortunately, are very few. But there are a lot of varieties of it. To date, they know more than 600. But, of course, in the gardens and gardens are not all grown. The most common and popular are such types of perennial onions as:

• Brass;
• Multi-tiered;
• Shnitt;
• fragrant;
• Slime.

Onion-Batun

This variety has gained popularity in our country recently. Homeland of the batoon is China. In this country, it still occurs even in the wild. This long-term onions are very popular in Mongolia, Korea, and Vietnam. In another way it is called "winter", "sandy", "dudchaty".

The best predecessors for this onion are tomatoes, potatoes, cabbage and cucumbers. Planted brass usually on wet soils (without stagnation of water). The ground before landing is dug onto the bayonet of the shovel.

Rusty in the same place this species can one, two or three years. In the first two cases, bow onion is planted in spring (as soon as possible). With a three-year cultivation, the beds are planted from the middle of summer to October.

How to grow onion

To accelerate the germination, the seeds of this culture are usually soaked for 24 hours. During this time they have time to swell well. Water with soaking is changed 2-3 times. After swelling, the seeds are removed from the saucer and dried.

Landing onions are produced in carefully prepared beds in two to six lines. Seeds are buried in the soil for 1-2 centimeters. The distance between rows and individual plants should be about 18-20 cm.

Care for onion-baton is a periodic irrigation and underfeeding. For the first time the soil on the bed is fertilized in the spring before planting the seeds. At the same time, mineral fertilizer is used. Further fertilizing is carried out after each cut of the feather. In this case, an excellent variant of feeding will be a diluted mullein water. Very well, long-term onion-butt also responds to ash solution. It is not necessary to water bushes too often. The soil under this plant is usually moistened only with prolonged drought. Formed after the rain, the crust is razed.

In food, the leaves of this onion can be used after they reach a height of 10-15 cm. Plants are cut at the very base, leaving two or three arrows on the seeds. After a while, the leaves again grow. For a season from a battle it is possible to receive 2-3 crops.

Many-tier perennial onions

This variety has one very unusual feature. A multi-tiered onion does not give seeds. Therefore, it is propagated exclusively vegetatively. Instead of seeds on the inflorescence grows 2-3 tiers of small air bulbs. They are planted in the soil immediately after harvesting, as they are very poorly cured. In another way, the multi-tiered onion is also called "viviparous", "horned" and "Egyptian". Its leaves are hollow hollow, can reach a length of 50 cm.

Unlike the brass, the bulbs of this variety do not have a rest period. They begin to form leaves while still on the mother plant. Among the peculiarities of this variety, one can also include very early maturation periods. He lets out his leaves from under the ground a many-tiered onion even before the batoon.

Peculiarities of growing

Care of this variety is also very simple. You can grow a multi-tiered onion both as an annual and as perennial. To get the greens the next year, air bulbs should be planted in the summer until mid-August. In spring the plants are fed with a full mineral fertilizer.

For the third year after the cutting of bulbots, the multi-tiered onion is necessarily thinned, separating the daughter bulbs. The latter can be used as a planting material.

Scented onions

Homeland of this variety, like the Batuna, are Mongolia and China. In another way the scented onion is also called Siberian, and also "Chinese garlic". In one place, it can grow 4-5 years. In food, as with other perennial onions, fragrant leaves are used. Bulbs of this plant have no commercial value. Leaves can reach a length of 25-40 cm.

How to grow

This onion can multiply both vegetatively, and seeds. In a small area, the first method is usually used. With this method, the harvest can be obtained already in the same year. Seeds are used much less often, because plants planted in this way develop much more slowly. During the summer, only 5-6 very small leaflets form on each bush.

With any method of planting in the garden, organic and mineral fertilizers should be preliminarily introduced . Seeds of perennial onions of this variety are planted in rows, the distance between which should be approximately 35 centimeters. In the soil they are buried 2 cm. You can take seeds only from two- and three-year-old plants.

Care for fragrant onions is very simple. The bed should be periodically weeded. After each cut, the soil is spilled with the solution of the mullein. Periods of rest the bulbs of this culture do not have, and they can be transplanted at almost any time.

Bow slizun

This species is distinguished by flat long leaves and can grow in one place for 1-2 years. The slug-onion is also called "drooping" or "glandular". Its distinctive feature is not too sharp taste and somewhat more tender than other varieties, leaves. In the wild, this onion grows in Mongolia and Transbaikalia. It also occurs in the Altai Mountains. This, perhaps, is the most delicious of all known varieties of onions for many years. His grades, unfortunately, are extremely few. The most famous and popular among domestic gardeners is Green, developed by specialists of the Timiryazev Academy.

Cultivation

Like most other species, onion slug prefers wet neutral soils. It can be planted both in sunlit areas and in partial shade. It propagates vegetatively or by seeds. In the first case, the planting of perennial onions is made in early spring or at the end of July. The depth of seeding is very small - about 1.5 cm. Between the rows, 70 cm are left, between plants - 20 cm. The best predecessors for this crop are cabbage, lettuce, parsley, dill.

Feed this onion as well as all other perennial species: in spring and after cutting the leaves. Harvest is removed for the season 3-4 times.

Onions shnit

The main distinguishing feature of this variety are very thin and not too long tubular leaves. In the second year after planting, the onions of shnitt begin to branch and give up to 50-100 shoots. In food eat both the leaves of this plant, and its juicy false bulbs. In our country, the Altai or Siberian shnitt (frost-resistant onions for many years) is most often grown. The varieties Bohemia, Chemal and Médono are among the most popular.

Peculiarities of growing

Unlike most varieties of perennial bows, shnitt is absolutely undemanding to the composition of the soil. It does not grow very well only where the soil is very heavily clogged with perennial weeds with a well-developed root system. The seeds give little, and therefore most often it is propagated in a vegetative way. In this case, the bushes are simply divided into parts, leaving in each 8-10 bulbs. Plants are planted in rows, between which a distance of 30 cm is left.

Seeds are sown in early May or in July. To accelerate the germination, they are first soaked, and then slightly dried.

Cultivate this long-term onion for greens, using a very simple technology. All you need to get a good harvest is periodic watering and feeding, as well as loosening and thinning. This bow is usually fertilized once a season - in the middle of summer. A distinctive feature of the species is moisture resistance. Therefore, it should be watered often enough. Otherwise, the leaves will become hard and lose their pleasant taste qualities. Moisten the soil under this plant 3-5 times during the growing season.

Thin off onion shnitt, starting from the first year of planting. From the bush, from which it is supposed to take seeds, the leaves are not cut. Otherwise, there will be very little planting material.

How to grow a spring onions in the winter

All the varieties described above are excellent for forcing in the cold season. The feathers of perennial onions contain a lot of vitamins. In this regard, as well as taste, they are superior even to the bulbous ones. They are planted with sod. That is, dig a bush and divide it into several parts, leaving as much of the earth as possible. In the sod onion, shnitta should be about 30 onions, in other perennials - 3-5. Leaves, if they are not already withered, are cut. Prepared in this way, the sod is stored in a cool place until November-December. At this time they are transferred to cooked containers. Pots under the pasture of perennial bows should have a height of at least 15 cm. A light nutrient soil is poured onto their bottom in a layer of 10-12 cm. Then they install the sod themselves and lightly sprinkle them from above.

Once the shoots appear on the surface, the pot and onions are transferred to the window sill. Too often watering plants is not necessary. Feed the onions for many years, growing it on the windowsill is a simple procedure, several times during the winter with a weak urea solution (1 g per 1 liter of water). This allows you to get a plentiful harvest.

As you can see, this culture is very unpretentious in the care - a longbow. Grow it in the summer or even in winter for sure can even a completely inexperienced gardener. After all, everything that is required to get a good harvest of this useful plant - in time to conduct watering, fertilizing and loosening.