Education, Languages
Language families, their education and classification
Language families are a term used to classify peoples by language. The language family includes languages that have related ties to each other.
A related relationship is manifested in the similarity of the sounding of words denoting the same thing, and also in the similarity of such elements as morphemes and grammatical forms.
According to the theory of monogenesis, the language families of the world were formed from the proto-language on which the ancient peoples spoke. The division was due to the predominance of the nomadic way of life of the tribes and their remoteness from each other.
Language families are divided as follows.
Name of the language family | Languages in the family | Regions of distribution |
Indo-European | Hindi | India, Nepal, Bangladesh, Pakistan, Fiji |
Urdu | India, Pakistan | |
Russian | Countries of the former USSR and Eastern Europe | |
English | USA, Great Britain, Countries of Europe, Canada, South America, Africa, Australia | |
German | Germany, Austria, Liechtenstein, Switzerland, Belgium, Luxembourg, Italy | |
French | France, Tunisia, Monaco, Canada, Algeria, Switzerland, Belgium, Luxembourg | |
Portuguese | Portugal, Angola, Mozambique, Brazil, Macao | |
Bengal | Bengal, India, Bangladesh | |
Altai | Tatar | Tatarstan, Russia, Ukraine |
Mongolian | Mongolia, PRC | |
Azerbaijani | Azerbaijan, Dagestan, Georgia, Iran, Iraq, Turkey, the countries of Central Asia | |
Turkish | Turkey, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Azerbaijan, Bulgaria, Romania, USA, France, Sweden | |
Bashkir | Bashkortostan, Tatarstan, Urdmutia, Russia. | |
Kyrgyz | Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kazakhstan, Afghanistan, PRC | |
The Urals | Hungarian | Hungary, Ukraine, Serbia, Romania, Slovakia, Croatia, Slovenia |
Mordovian | Mordovia, Russia, Tatarstan, Bashkortostan | |
Evenk | Russia, China, Mongolia | |
Finnish | Finland, Sweden, Norway, Karelia | |
Karelian | Karelia, Finland | |
Caucasian | Georgian | Georgia, Azerbaijan, Turkey, Iran |
Abkhazian | Abkhazia, Turkey, Russia, Syria, Iraq | |
Chechen | Chechnya, Ingushetia, Georgia, Dagestan | |
Sino-Tibetan | Chinese | China, Taiwan, Singapore |
Thai | Thailand | |
Laotian | Laos, Thailand, | |
Siamese | Thailand | |
Tibetan | Tibet, China, India, Nepal, Bhutan, Pakistan | |
Burmese | Myanmar (Burma) | |
Afro-Asian | Arab | Arab countries, Iraq, Israel, Chad, Somalia, |
Hebrew | ||
The Berber | Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, Niger, Egypt, Mauritania |
From this table it can be seen that the languages of one family can be distributed in a wide variety of countries and parts of the world. And the very concept of "language families" is introduced to facilitate the classification of languages and the compilation of their genealogical tree. The most widespread and numerous is the Indo-European family of languages. Peoples speaking the languages of the Indo-European family can be found in any hemisphere of the Earth, in any part of the world, on any continent and in any country. There are also languages that do not include any language family. These are dead languages and artificial.
Some nationalities from ancient times occupied a certain territory. And at first glance it may seem strange why it is these language families and languages that predominate in this region. But there is nothing strange in this. In ancient times, the migration of people was caused by the search for new hunting grounds, new land for agriculture, and part of the tribes simply led a nomadic way of life.
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