Polyp endometrium: treatment without surgery and reviews

Polyp endometrium refers to benign neoplasms that can occur in women of any age. In connection with the increased risk of degeneration of the tumor into cancer cells, timely treatment of this disease is given special attention. Along with the basic surgical intervention, there is treatment of fibrotic polyps of the endometrium with non-surgical methods.

Polyp endometrium - what is it

The polyps of the endometrium are the proliferation of the cells of the inner shell of the uterus. It can be observed from one to several polyps in the size from 1 millimeter to 5 centimeters. Most often they appear in women aged 40 to 50 years. By structure, the polyp consists of the body and the vascular pedicle, to which it is attached to the wall of the uterus. It is distinguished by a complex internal structure, which can be represented by glands and fibrous tissue. In the event that there are atypical cells in the composition , the polyp is considered adenomatous (precancerous). Depending on the structure, four types of endometrial polyps are distinguished:

• Fibrous.

• The glands.

• The glandular fibrous.

• Adenomatous.

There are also functional endometrial polyps consisting of epithelial cells and changing during the menstrual cycle, and basal type of polyps arising from the pathologically altered basal layer of the uterus body. Determine the exact structure of education is possible using the histological analysis of the remote element. Most often, the polyps remain inside the uterine cavity, in rare cases they grow into the cervix or vagina. The method of treatment is chosen depending on the age of the patient and the characteristics of pathological changes. Operative intervention is the main method of control if an endometrial polyp is detected. Treatment without surgery with medications is possible if the patient refuses surgery.

Causes

There are different versions of the origin of the endometrial polyp. The main of them - hormonal disorders caused by excessive estrogen in the presence of progesterone deficiency. This conclusion was made on the basis of the study of the response of endometrial polyps to stimulation with estrogens. The likelihood of pathology due to infectious diseases of the inner layer of the uterus, as well as mechanical damage to the endometrium due to abortion, abortion, miscarriages, curettage, the wearing of the intrauterine device for a long time, incomplete removal of the placenta during childbirth is not ruled out, resulting in blood clots and Fibrin overgrow with connective tissue and turn into polyp. Do not discount the likelihood of proliferation of polyps due to increased growth of blood vessels in the uterine cavity. The endocrine processes in the body of the woman associated with diabetes mellitus, metabolic disorders, hypertension, and thyroid dysfunction affect the increase in the risk of the disease development. Provoke hormonal disorders can mental disorders, depression, experiences, stressful situations, as well as reduced immunity and a lack of vitamins in the body.

Symptoms of the endometrial polyp

In the event that the growth of the epithelium takes small forms, the signs of the endometrial polyp are most often absent. Therefore, diagnosed, as a rule, with ultrasound of the small pelvis. At achievement of the considerable sizes the following clinical picture is observed:

• an increase in the number of abnormal whitish secretions (whitish);

• the menstrual cycle is disrupted;

• abundant menstrual flow;

• acute pain in the form of fights, when the polyp reaches the cervical canal;

• bleeding occurs in the intermenstrual period;

• discomfort and pain in sexual intimacy;

• infertility in young reproductive age;

• failures in IVF;

• the appearance of bloody discharge at the onset of menopause. Therefore, most often appoint with such symptoms of the pathology of the endometrium removal of the polyp. The patient's feedback after the surgery showed that surgical treatment contributes to the disappearance of the symptoms completely and women feel a significant relief.

Diagnostics

During the examination, the gynecologist can see a functional polyp of the endometrium that opens into the cervix and vagina. Therefore, the main method of research is the conduct of ultrasound. In the event that the polyp is not clearly visualized, hysterosonography is performed, which is the same ultrasound, but with the introduction of a physiological solution into the uterus by means of a catheter. This technique allows more detailed study of the polyp, its size and shape. For more detailed diagnosis, hysteroscopy is performed, during which it is possible to accurately determine the location of the polyp, and also with this method it is possible to accurately remove the polyp together with the leg. The technology of its implementation is a minimally invasive technique. In the uterine cavity, an optical instrument with a small diameter of the section is inserted, which allows the collection of bioptic material, as well as scraping of the endometrium. After removal of the polyp, it is sent for histological examination, which allows to reveal structural features, the presence of atypical cells and to prescribe further treatment. When detecting the presence of cancer cells, examination by a specialist in gynecological oncology is appointed.

Methods of treatment

There are two main methods of treatment - surgical intervention and non-surgical techniques.

Surgical procedures

• Hysteroscopy is the most effective method of surgical techniques, thanks to the optical device (a hysteroscope containing micro instruments in the tube), it allows to more closely examine the location of the polyp and to accurately remove it and has a greater preference compared to blind scraping. The operation can be performed without anesthesia and anesthesia and does not take much time - 5-20 minutes, depending on the nature of the pathological changes.

• Hysteroresectoscopy - is a full-fledged surgical operation. The only way out in case of a serious pathology of the endometrium is to remove the polyp. Reviews of patients who undergone the operation, say that the operation is painless, as it is under general anesthesia.

Conservative methods

• Surgery is not the only option if the endometrial polyp is diagnosed, treatment without surgery is possible in various ways, primarily hormonal drugs.

• Antibacterial treatment in the presence of infections of the genital area.

Hormonal treatment

In the event that an endometrial polyp is detected, treatment without surgery is prescribed by the following hormonal medications:

• Gestagenes, the content of progesterone (means "Utrozhestan", "Dyufaston"). The drugs are prescribed for a period of 3-6 months in the 2 nd phase of the menstrual cycle.

• Complex oral contraceptives are prescribed for women under 35 years of age who have a polyp endometrial uterus. Treatment lasts for 21 days.

• Gonadotropin releasing hormone agonists

Non-surgical treatment with Chinese tampons

If surgical intervention can not be performed in order to remove the endometrial polyp, treatment without surgery is performed by conservative methods - Chinese tampons. Also they are used as prevention of relapses. The most known tampons are Clean Point, Beauty Life. For the course of treatment will need 10-12 tampons, for prevention - 2 tampons per month. They consist of natural plant components of a wide spectrum of action, normalize the hormonal background and fight with infectious diseases. Folk remedies, along with medical methods, there are also unconventional methods to remove the polyp of the endometrium, folk remedies show low effectiveness of treatment. One way is to use garlic - it must be crushed, wrapped in a bandage, formed a swab and tied with a thread. The tampon is administered overnight in the vagina for one month. Many who have tried this method criticize the folk treatment of the fibrous polyps of the endometrium, the testimonies testify that it is very difficult to sustain even four hours, not to mention the whole night. Thus, you can burn the mucous membrane of the vagina.

Prophylaxis of the endometrial polyp

As a prophylaxis of the endometrial polyp, the following recommendations should be adhered to:

• Carefully treat infectious and inflammatory diseases of female genital organs and conduct effective treatment.

• Regularly be examined by a gynecologist.

• If the first symptoms appear, consult a doctor.

• Carry out normalization of the hormonal background

Relapses of endometrial pathology occur if it was not completely removed during the operation. As a prophylaxis of repeated diseases, hormone therapy is used, stressful situations, abortions, proper nutrition and monitoring of the health and immune system should be avoided.