Kamskoye estuary - caves

The town of Kamskoye Ustye is the administrative center of the Kamsk-Ustinsky district (the Republic of Tatarstan).

Description of the area

This regional center is located on the right bank of the Volga River opposite the place where Kama flows into it, 117 km south-west of the city of Kazan. At present, there are 53 settlements in its territory, including three urban-type settlements (Tenishevo, Kuibyshev Zaton and Kamskoye Ustye), and 21 municipalities. The relief is an elevated plain, its height is 170-190 m above sea level. It is dismembered by ravines and gullies, and also by a steep ledge, which terminates at the edge of the Volga River. The area is rich in gypsum, clay and dolomite reserves. The following waterways flow on its territory: the Volga (Kuibyshev Reservoir), Ishimka, Karamalka, Dry Ulema and its tributaries, Mordovskaya. Soils here are predominantly gray, forest dark gray and light gray, sod-carbonate and brown-gray. Wooded area is 8.7 percent.

Population

According to the 2010 census, there are 16.4 thousand people living in the district. Of these, the urban population is almost eight thousand, and the rural population is 8.4 thousand people. The average population density is 14 people per square kilometer. The national composition: 54.7% - Tatars, 42.3% - Russian and 3% - representatives of other nationalities.

Industry

In the village of Kamskoe Ustye (Tatarstan) and its district there are six industrial enterprises. The largest are the gypsum mine (formed back in 1911), the creamery and the "Repair Base of the Kuibyshev Fleet" (transferred here in 1954 from Spassky Zaton).

Agriculture

The main production potential of the regional center of Kamskoye Ustye is agriculture. The largest agro-industrial structure occupies more than ninety percent of agricultural land. In addition, there are 128 small farms operating here. The basis of animal husbandry is dairy and beef cattle breeding, the main cultivated crops: rye, barley, wheat and peas.

Transport

Due to the location of the village at the confluence of the Kama and Volga rivers and aside from the railways, the main modes of transport are automobile and water. Moreover, river arteries entered the transport network of federal significance, and roads - only local significance. This highway Kazan - Kama Oste, the road to Apostolovo, Tetyushi and Upper Uslon. In addition, oil pipelines are laid along the territory of this region.

Medicine

Medical service in the village of Kamskoye Ustye is carried out by the central hospital. In addition, there are 35 feldsher-midwife stations and three medical dispensaries in the district. Due to the fact that only three pharmacies work in the entire region, according to the concluded agreement with the main pharmacy, the sale of medicines is carried out at the feldsher points.

Rest, tourism

Kama's mouth annually attracts tourists and lovers of fishing. Vacationers are given the opportunity to visit a number of protected natural sites. Such as Baikul Lake (Karamalskoye) and the Forest Lake, the Tenkovsky feather grass steppe (plants growing here are listed in the Red Book of Tatarstan), as well as the nature reserves of the Antonovskie ravines, the Labyshkin Mountains (in this natural complex very rare breeds of animals have been found in this area) And Mount Lobach. In addition, the caves in Kamsk Ustye: Konnodolskaya, Zimovyeva, Bogorodskaya and Yuryevskaya are very popular. On the territory of this settlement, valuable archaeological monuments are discovered , which date back to the era of the Upper Paleolithic. For guests and residents of the district in Kamsk Ustye sports complex "Akcharlak" works.

Fishing

Kamskoe estuary is famous for ecologically clean places, fantastically beautiful nature, favorable conditions for fishing - all this attracts lovers of this kind of rest from all nearby and not so cities. Here, between the Zaoton of Kuibyshev and the settlement of Kamskoye Ustye, the fishing and hunting base "Kamsky prostory" operates. It operates year-round, here provide a full range of services for fishermen, from provision of housing and food to delivery to fishing grounds. For lovers of winter fishing there is another base - "Cool spot". In favor of the choice of this area, there is a variety of bottom relief, and good depths, and, most importantly, the availability of a variety of fish species. In the summer, pike-perch, gooseberries, bream, borsch, podleschik, burbot, catfish and many other varieties of both simple and predatory fish are well caught. In winter, the catch can make borsh and pike perch, and sometimes burbot, which is caught on the hook either in the early morning or late evening.

Among the experienced fishermen, several places for ice fishing are very popular. It is the pier "Kamskoe estuary", "Dinner", "Zimovye", "Spring" and "Old pier" (near Lobach mountain), "Armenian beach" and "Stone buoy". Of course, this is not a complete list of places loved by local residents for winter fishing, but even for their development you will hardly have enough time for vacation.

Kamsky Estuary: the caves of the Krai

One of the most popular among tourists is the St. George's Cave, which is widely known in the republic and beyond. It is located near the village of Tenishevo. For the first time it was investigated in 1953 by A. V. Stupishin. Dimensions of the Yuryevskaya cave were less than two hundred meters. However, in May 1971, newcomers to the Kazan speleosection visited the heap of stones at her visit, as a result of which they penetrated into a new part of it, the length of which was more than 360 meters. In 1986, the St. George's Cave was declared a natural monument of regional importance. In 2008-2009, speleologists from Naberezhnye Chelny reshaped the known parts of this stone structure. It turned out that the size of the cave reached 507 meters. However, this did not stop, and in 2010, as a result of the excavations, another large tunnel was discovered. Today Yuryevskaya cave is the most extended of natural formations of the Middle Volga region. Its length is 990 meters. And in 2011 it already reached 1005 meters, and the area - 3500 square meters. The entrance to the cave is at the bottom of the ravine. It is divided into three different tunnels. The first one leads to the "Grotto of Rains", the second one is called "Flounder" or "Shkuroderka", and the last one is "Triangle". In order to get to the last of them, you must pass a three meter deep abyss, leaning on the ledges on the sides of the walls. If you manage to overcome it, the look will reveal the indescribable beauty of a wonderful grotto. The second move is a very narrow hole, through it you can squeeze only hands forward, and then at a certain angle. Immediately remember the cartoon about Winnie the Pooh and his campaign to the Rabbit. Only those who have a muted instinct of self-preservation will be able to get through this "skruder". However, immediately after it a new surprise awaits you - a two-meter cliff. If you are still alive, move gently along the wall, clinging to various ledges. Of course, it is not easy to penetrate here. But it's worth it. And finally - the Grotto of Rains. His name was due to the fact that from its ceiling dripping water. As a result, it creates the illusion that it is raining. So if you like active leisure and want extreme and adventure, then the Kamskoye estuary with its caves is what you need.