Jupiter (planet): radius, mass in kg. How many times is the mass of Jupiter greater than the mass of the Earth?

The gas giant is the fifth planet of the solar system, if we count from the luminary. The mass of Jupiter makes it the largest object of all that revolve around our star.

This heavenly body is the so-called giant. It contains more than 2/3 of the planetary substance of our entire system. The mass of Jupiter is more than the Earth's weight by 318 times. In volume, this planet exceeds ours 1,300 times. Even the part that can be seen from the Earth, more than 120 times the area of our blue "baby". The gas giant is a hydrogen ball, which is very close in chemical composition to the star.

Jupiter

The mass of Jupiter (in kg) is so huge that it is simply impossible to imagine it. It is expressed thus: 1,8986x10 in the 27th degree kg. This planet is so large that it far exceeds the mass of all other bodies taken together (excluding the Sun) in our stellar system.

Structure

The structure of the planet is multilayer, but it is difficult to talk about specific parameters. One can only talk about one possible model. The planet's atmosphere is a layer that starts from the top of the cloud and extends to a depth of about 1000 kilometers. On the lower face of the atmospheric layer, the pressure is up to 150,000 atmospheres. The temperature of the planet at this boundary is about 2000 K.

Below this region is a gas-liquid layer of hydrogen. This layer is characterized by the transition of a gaseous substance into a liquid as it deepens. Science at the present time can not describe this process from the point of view of physics. It is known that at a temperature exceeding 33 K, hydrogen exists only as a gas. However, Jupiter completely destroys this axiom.

In the lower part of the hydrogen layer, the pressure is 700,000 atmospheres, the temperature is increased to 6500 K. Below is the ocean of liquid hydrogen without the slightest gas particles. Under this layer is an ionized hydrogen that has decayed into atoms. This is the cause of the strong magnetic field of the planet.

The mass of Jupiter is known, but it's hard to say about the mass of its core definitely. Scientists believe that it can be more terrestrial in 5 or 15 times. It has a temperature of 25,000-30000 degrees with a pressure of 70 million atmospheres.

Atmosphere

The red tint of some clouds of the planet indicates that Jupiter includes not only hydrogen, but also complex compounds. In the atmosphere of the planet contains methane, ammonia and even particles of water vapor. In addition, traces of ethane, phosphine, carbon monoxide, propane, acetylene were detected. Of these substances, it is difficult to single out one, which is the cause of the original color of the clouds. This is likely to be a combination of sulfur, organic substances or phosphorus.

The lighter and darker bands located parallel to the planet's equator are differently directed atmospheric currents. Their speed can develop up to 100 meters per second. The boundary of the currents is rich in huge twists. The most impressive of them is the Great Red Spot. This vortex rages more than 300 years and has dimensions of 15x30 thousand km. The time of the hurricane is unknown. Presumably, it rages for thousands of years. A full turn around its axis a hurricane makes in a week. The atmosphere of Jupiter is rich in similar vortices, which, however, are much smaller and live no longer than two years.

Ring

Jupiter - a planet whose mass is much greater than the earth. In addition, it is full of surprises and unique phenomena. So, on it there are polar lights, radio noise, dust storms. The smallest particles, which have received an electric charge from the solar wind, have a curious dynamics: being an average between micro- and macro-bodies, they almost equally react to the electromagnetic and gravitational fields. Of these particles, the ring surrounding the planet consists. It was opened in 1979. The radius of the main part is 129 thousand km. The width of the ring is only 30 km. In addition, its structure is very sparse, so it can reflect only a thousandths of a percent of the light that falls on it. To observe a ring from the Earth there is no possibility - so it is thin. In addition, it is all the time deployed a thin edge to our planet due to a slight inclination of the axis of rotation of the giant planet to the plane of the orbit.

A magnetic field

The mass and radius of Jupiter, together with its chemical composition, allow a planet to have a giant magnetic field. Its tension greatly exceeds the earthly. The magnetosphere extends far into space, over a distance of about 650 million km, even beyond the orbit of Saturn. However, in the direction of the Sun, this distance is 40 times smaller. Thus, even at such great distances, the Sun "does not let descent" to its planets. This "behavior" of the magnetosphere makes it completely unlike the sphere.

Will it become a star?

Oddly enough to assume this, it can still happen that Jupiter will become a star. One scientist put forward such a hypothesis, coming to the conclusion that this giant has a source of nuclear energy.

At the same time, we perfectly know that no planet can in principle have its own source. Despite the fact that they are visible in the sky, this is due to reflected sunlight. While Jupiter emits much more energy than the Sun brings to it.

Some scientists believe that in about 3 billion years the mass of Jupiter will be equal to the solar mass. And then a global cataclysm will happen: the solar system in the form in which it is known today will cease to exist.