Inversion trail from an airplane and a missile

A large number of various magazines that deal with the selection and analysis of information relating to aviation achievements and problems often accentuate readers' attention to the material aspects of the operation and structure of modernized devices such as airplanes, missiles, helicopters and other aircraft. Often all phenomena that occur with the internal and external structure of the vehicle during the flight are also analyzed. Usually the inversion track reflects this. Many people watch beautiful aircraft, which in flight leave an even strip.

The concept of this phenomenon

An inversion trail is formed in the tropopause. Its appearance is affected by water vapor, which undergo enhanced condensation. They are present in combustion products, since hydrocarbon fuel is consumed evenly during combustion. After exiting to the outside and sufficient cooling, the bright inversion trail from the airplane or other lethal apparatus in the air becomes noticeable.

There are special airshows, which are advisable to hold only in sunny weather. These events are organized at airfields that have the status of the largest in the world. At this time, a large number of spectators enthusiastically watching the movement of many aircraft performing interesting maneuvers in the air. The main distinguishing feature of such events is the leaving of a bright trail from each vehicle. It is often done so that each aircraft is different in its own color of the loop, which helps to get the most vivid and memorable effect.

Unlike aircraft, rockets constantly leave behind themselves massive, even often formidable tracks that look not only large, but also have a rich color. They are produced from aircraft that have a combat mission. This procedure can be observed not only when going to special events, but also being on the street or turning on the TV on the channel of interest. So you can see the inversion trail.

End wing vortex

It should be remembered that the airplane in flight leaves behind itself a limited and sufficiently wide area of the atmosphere, which becomes perturbed, its composition for a long time changes. This phenomenon is often called a confused track. Usually, it appears under the action of jet engines, as during work they constantly interact with the environment. Also in this process take part the terminal vortices of the aircraft's wings.

If we compare a significantly negative impact on the environment, then the priority is always given to the terminal wings of the wings. There are a lot of symbols of tangled tracks, but most often they are drawn on special schemes in the likeness of a sheet with unusual edges, the ends of which are completely twisted, that is, you can compare them with vortices.

Twisting Process: Scientific Argumentation

The process of twisting can easily be explained scientifically. There is a bright difference in pressure between both sides of the aircraft's wings, that is, on their upper and lower surfaces. The air is gradually redistributed from the lower surface, since the most elevated pressure is observed on it, to the upper one, in order to stay in the region with the least pressure.

This redistribution occurs through the end of each wing, which causes powerful and very noticeable eddies. The force of the pressure drop is important, since the lifting force depends on it . It is this value that has a strong influence on the wing. Than this effect is stronger, the more powerful and relief the vortices are formed.

Different aircraft brands, providing a wing end wing

The velocity of the air streams sometimes varies, but it can be approximately determined that if the diameter of the vortex trail is about 8-15 m, we should speak of a value of 150 km / h. The end vortex can be formed in various ways. This process depends on the brand, the configuration of the aircraft. Attention is paid to the powerful fighters "Mirage 2000" and F-16C, if they switch to the position when flying with a high angle of attack.

The process of appearance of a terminal vortex

The end vortex is visualized by a special tracer-generator, which is responsible for the proper representation of the smoky trace. The effect of this element is due to a change in the state of the atmosphere, which continues for a fairly long time. Then the circumferential speed of motion gradually fades, that is, the visual object is lost and disappears.

Under the influence of time, the circumferential velocity of the vortex decays, which causes the visual picture to change outlines until it completely dissolves. The perceived intensity of the vortex can last about two minutes after the aircraft has flown a particular place. Such a vortex has the ability to significantly affect the flight mode of the aircraft, which fell into the atmosphere, perturbed by the action of the engine of the previous vehicle.

Long-term observation of the end vortex

When the vortexes interact with each other, they slowly descend and diverge, that is, a perceptible change in the atmosphere disappears. The inverse trail of the aircraft is an excellent object in order to observe its transformations. After about 30 - 40 seconds, it begins to change outlines, because it is strongly influenced by the vortex, which gradually develops. When both the inversion and the vortex layers intersect, strange shapes are created, which can be calculated in advance, since different regularities act on the process of their formation.

The number of strips and the height of the inversion track are regulated by the number and arrangement of the motors in the system. In this case, the inversion track not only soars in the air, but also constantly changes, creating interesting contours. The twisting of this layer under the influence of the end vortex is most often observed. All the transformations of the layer reflect the diverse aerodynamic processes that are always formed during the flight.

Vortex-vortex flows

Sometimes pilots are forced to perform various attacks, which are carried out with a large angle of inclination of more than 20 degrees. In this case, the nature of the flow around the airplane contours for a time varies considerably. Begin to appear detached areas, which are mainly fixed near the upper surface of the wing and fuselage. In them, the pressure is greatly reduced, so immediately the concentration and augmentation of atmospheric moisture begins. Thanks to this aspect, it is possible to observe the flight of an airplane without the use of tracers.

Conditions for the appearance of a vortex-vortex effect

If the angle of attack is too large, a significant halo from the cloud forms around the airplane. When an airplane flies, the cloud automatically switches to a vortex trail from the airplane. Usually bombers near the wings are formed by the separation zone, because of which the appearance of the vortex bundle is clearly observed. So it looks like an inversion track, the photo of which is always fascinating.

Hot tracks of missiles

Sometimes, when launching missiles, one has to deal with such cases when there is a disruptive flow in the region of the gas-air path in the missile's power plant. The gas jet leaving the rocket engine is very hot, so it sometimes gets into the air intake of the carrier aircraft, which happens when the device is placed on some modes.

The air flow becomes too uneven in temperature, as it is exposed to gases of increased temperature, which causes the air entering the engine to become altered. There is a surge of the engine, that is, there is a breakdown in the system. To detect this process, the main combustion chambers are observed, since the air stream is subjected to longitudinal oscillations, passing along the engine path, and then is marked by the release of a flame from these elements. So there is an inversion trail from the rocket.

Features of the inversion trace during testing

Often missile launches are conducted in the concept of testing. An exception is on-board equipment, which serves for the purpose of recording and storing information. Often, the aircraft-photographer is released together with the carrier, at the same time the process of filming is carried out, which allows to fix the whole phenomenon on the camera. It is often possible to meet such an inversion trail from the Beech missile.

Often rocket launching is carried out at relatively low speeds, in order to better fix the whole process. At the same time, often a surge of the engine is formed, since hot gases enter the rocket engine with jets, which disables its air intake. Immediately there is a release of the flame, which is typical for the occurrence of surging. This is how the FSX inversion trail is expressed.

Because of this incident, the engine stops. These features after the study helped to create a number of different systems, whose tasks include timely diagnostics of surging, taking measures to eliminate it, and transferring the engine to the optimum operating mode with constant maintenance of its optimal state. Missile weapons in this case expands the scope of application, while at each mode of operation of the engine, these aircraft are able to show the most stable state.

Fireball in the air

The MiG-29 aircraft was tested, which consisted of fuel refueling. At one of the flights, the fuel liquid was released into the atmosphere, which was preceded by the depressurization of the fuel pipeline. With the help of an airplane-photographer, this unusual situation was fixed. At the same time, a certain part of the fuel got into the engine, which almost immediately led to its stop because of surging.

In addition to the ejection of the flame, which always happens when the engine is surging, an ignition of the fuel took place, which went along the air channel. After that, the flame enveloped all the fuel and went beyond the internal structure, but almost immediately it was demolished by a counterflow of air. Because of this situation, an unusual phenomenon appeared, which was called a fireball. This inverse track "Beech" is also able to convey.

A bright afterburner track

Modern fighter aircraft have an engine that is equipped with adjustable nozzles, classified as supersonic. When the afterburner mode is connected, the nozzle cut-off pressure is significantly higher than that of the surrounding air masses. If you analyze the space at a considerable distance from the nozzle, the pressure gradually equalizes. This aspect during the movement of the aircraft leads to increased production of gas, which leads to the formation of a bright inversion trail from the aircraft, which appears when the aircraft is moving.