Hypertrophy of the myocardium - a dangerous syndrome

Hypertrophy of the heart should be considered not as a disease, but as a syndrome, which sometimes leads to serious consequences. Hypertrophy of the myocardium is accompanied by an increase in the heart due to an increase in specialized cardiac cells - cardiomyocytes, which constitute 25% of all the heart cells. The connective tissue of the heart can also increase, which indicates additional cardiovascular diseases. Nonpathological hypertrophy of the myocardium is observed in people, leading a very lively life, and in athletes. The increase in size is due to the fact that the organs need more oxygen for their functioning, which is supplied to the tissues by the circulatory system. Since the blood in the large circle of circulation is ejected with the participation of the left ventricle, in this case the dimensions of the lower parts of the heart increase.

Hypertrophy of the myocardium is characterized by its peculiarities depending on the parts of the heart.

Hypertrophy of the left atrium

The oxygen-enriched blood from the lungs enters the left atrium, then it goes to the left ventricle, and from there it spreads through the body.

The causes of this kind of hypertrophy are very often genetic defects and, consequently, it is inherited. An important cause of this pathology is obesity and high blood pressure.

Obesity is the main prerequisite for increasing the left atrium in young people. The latest data suggest that obesity is growing in children at an alarming rate, which predisposes them to such cardiac pathology.

The mitral valve responds to the circulation of blood from the atrium into the ventricle. It regulates the amount of blood flow between these chambers of the heart. To open the mitral valve, the left atrium should be filled with blood in a certain amount, and it closes after the transfer of blood to the left ventricle. This system is broken due to stenosis and insufficiency of the mitral valve. This phenomenon leads to inflammatory changes in the left atrium. Stenosis of the mitral valve is called narrowing of the orifice, which connects two parts of the heart. In this case, the left atrium exerts more effort to pump the necessary volume of blood, hypertrophy.

Cardiomyopathy hypertrophic is characterized by thickening of the ventricles and is a hereditary disease.

The enlargement of the left atrium occurs with stenosis of the aortic valve, which is responsible for the volume of blood leaving the heart.

The load on the heart increases with high blood pressure, which is influenced by various factors. Therefore, people with this disease are more prone to hypertrophy of the heart muscle.

Any infections or diseases of the respiratory system that affect the functional properties of the lung can also cause hypertrophy of the left atrium, making it difficult to work.

With stress, pressure increases, which affects the heart badly and contributes to its hypertrophy.

Hypertrophy of the left atrium: symptoms

Most often these symptoms manifest themselves depending on the severity of the disease:

• chest pain;
• Fatigue;
• Shortness of breath ;
• Impaired heartbeat.

People with this pathology have difficulty in performing physical exercises, and with overexertion, there may be shortness of breath and weakness.

Hypertrophy of the right atrium: causes

Hypertrophy of the myocardium can manifest itself in the right atrium. Blood from tissues and organs that absorb oxygen and release carbon dioxide enters the right atrium and into the right ventricle, and then into the lungs to enrich with oxygen.

The cause of hypertrophy of the right atrium are lung diseases, which cause an increase in blood pressure in the pulmonary artery, which leads to hypertrophy.

It can also be when stenosis of the tricuspid valve and its insufficiency.

Violation of the blood flow in the pulmonary artery and congenital heart disease complicate its work, resulting in hypertrophy of the myocardium.