In the novel "Fathers and Sons" by Turgenev, the nihilist Yevgeny Bazarov, addressing his friend Arkady Kirsanov, exclaims: "I beg you: do not speak beautifully!" This is said with a great deal of irony to the enthusiastic and vague thoughts of the young comrade. After all, Bazarov himself speaks precisely and concisely, concisely and concisely. No wonder so many of his expressions were remembered by readers and became aphorisms. The second name is winged.
Properties of the phenomenon
An example of aphorisms each of us can give on the go, without even suspecting that this is what they are. The famous "Knowledge is power", "Better be one than with anyone", "Do not make yourself an idol" and many other similar phrases fly off our language, sometimes before we can remember who is their author. This is one of the main features of such expressions. It seems that we always knew them that we are their co-authors. And all because almost any example of aphorisms is such a successful formulation of this or that thought that it sinks into consciousness as a sample of the speech norm. This is the phenomenon of the majority of winged expressions: they are always on hearing, they are reproduced almost unchanged and understand from a half-word.
What it is
The first example of aphorisms was given by the ancient Greeks. They also defined the framework of the phenomenon itself, its distinctive features. According to the Hellenic language, "aphorism is a definition," that is, a definite complete statement containing a valuable, original thought. It is formulated in an energetic, memorable form, short, bright, imaginative, memorable. The expression can be spoken or written - the main thing is to be picked up and quoted by other people. The best example of aphorisms shows how important it is to be able to maximally correlate the meaning of the statement and the contextual field, as well as the situation in which it is relevant. Such expressions, as a rule, are the quintessence of author's observations of life, conclusions from reflection on issues of interest to him. "Thought sharpened like a dagger," - one of the eastern wise men of the Middle Ages called aphorisms.
Great Minds
Not every person has such an amazing ability to think and speak so unconventional that his words go down in history. And not just by themselves, but as an example of the harmony of wisdom and beauty of the syllable. Beautiful paraphrases Joris de Bruyn compared with the thoughts, "performing pirouette." By the way, he himself is also an unsurpassed author of this literary genre. In general, according to linguists, ideally winged statements consist of 4-7 words and are widely used from scientific works, philosophical treatises, works of fiction. From physics, mechanics, Archimedes' words about the fulcrum with which the world can be turned came to us. They have long since abstracted from the exact sciences and have acquired their own universal meaning. Perhaps all the reading population of the Earth knows aphorisms about the people of Omar Khayyam, Dreiser, Dostoevsky, Chekhov, Laroshfuko, Nietzsche, Kant and other great figures of culture and art. They have long since entered the priceless treasury of human wealth.
Inimitable Faina
Faina Ranevskaya, the legendary Soviet actress of the first half of the 20th century, owns a large number of interesting aphorisms. Sharp on the tongue, critical thinking, observant and independent in the judgments, Faina Grigorievna spoke about people and events directly, sharply, and originally. Each of her expressions beat, as they say, not in the eyebrow, but in the eye. Here there is an irony, turning into a mockery of self, acrid sarcasm and a tragic grotesque. It was Ranevskaya who came to mind to compare life with an angry neighbor who passes and does not bow. And how true this bitter confession sounds: "I still remember decent people ... what I'm old!" Became a classic of her phrase about Mulia, who "do not fidget me", and beauty - "terrible power". And only the great Faina could call old age swinish and "ignorance of God."