How many lines does a paratrooper have? Description, device and types of parachutes

Do you know how many lines the Parachute parachute has ? What are they made of? These and other questions you will find answers in the article. A parachute is a device made of fabric, made in the form of a semicircle, to which a cargo or a suspension system is attached. It slows down the movement of the object in the air. Parachutes are used to delay the movement of winged vehicles during landing and jumping from fixed objects (or from flying vehicles) in order to secure the descent and landing of goods (people).

Varieties

Many people are interested in knowing how many lines the Parachute parachute has. At first air umbrellas were used for soft landing of the person on the Earth. Today, with the help of them, people are saved, airborne. In addition, they serve as sports equipment.

Cargo heavenly umbrellas were invented for landing cargo and cars. For the landing of heavy equipment, several such devices can be used simultaneously. Rescue systems on light aircraft are their variety. Such devices consist of a parachute and accelerators of forced pulling (missile, ballistic or pyrotechnic). When a dangerous situation arises, the pilot actuates a rescue device and the parachute plane sits on the ground. These techniques are very often criticized.

Small stabilizing parachutes (also being suction) adjust the position of the body during easy descent. Restraining air umbrellas have been developed to reduce the stopping distance on transport and military aircraft, to stop cars in drag racing. For example, such devices were equipped with Tu-104 and early Tu-134 aircraft.

In order to reduce the speed of the spacecraft when landing on a celestial object or while moving in the atmosphere, parachutes are also used. It is known that for the landing of people and cargo, the usual round celestial umbrellas have been developed. And there are also round parachutes made in the form of a Rogallo wing, with a retracted apex, tape for supersonic speed, parafaults - wings in the shape of an ellipse or a rectangle and many others.

Devices for disembarking people

So, how many lines does a paratrooper have? For the safe landing of human specialists have developed such types of air umbrellas:

• Special purpose;
• Rescue;
• Training;
• Landing;
• Shell planning parachute systems (sports).

The basic types are landing (round) parachutes and "wing" systems (shell planning means).

Types of army "air umbrellas"

Every soldier must know how many lines there are in the parachute paratrooper. Army heavenly umbrellas are of two kinds: square and round. The dome of an airborne circular parachute is a polygon that, filled with air, takes the form of a hemisphere. At the top there is a cutout (or less dense fabric) in the center. Such systems (for example, D-5, D-10, D-6) differ in the following high-altitude characteristics:

• Working normal height - from 800 to 1200 m;
• The maximum height of the ejection is 8 km;
• The lowest level of ejection is 200 m with a decrease on the filled dome of at least 10 s and stabilization of 3 s.

It is difficult to control round parachute landing. They have approximately equal horizontal and vertical speed (5 m / s). The weight of these devices is:

• 13.8 kg (D-5);
• 11.7 kg (D-10);
• 11.5 kg (D-6).

Square parachutes (for example, the Russian "Leaf" D-12, T-11 USA) have additional slots in the arch, with which the parachutist controls the horizontal movement. They also improve maneuverability. The horizontal speed of the products is up to 5 m / s, and the speed of reduction is up to 4 m / s.

D-6

And now we will find out how many lines the Parachute D-6 parachute had, which was developed by the Research Institute of Parachute Construction (holding Aviation Equipment). It is used for combat and training-training jumps from transport planes. Earlier it was used by the airborne troops of the USSR.

Today the modified device D-6 of the fourth series along with the new D-10 is used by flying clubs and airborne troops. Its correction system with a dome consists of lines, a stabilizer with a link and the base of the top. On the bottom edge of the arch under the reinforcing radial tapes 16 ropes from the nylon cord of the SHKP-200 are pierced and stitched. The length of the extreme lines, placed in a free state on each loop, from the lower edge of the tip to the stabilizer loops is 520 mm, and the middle lines - 500 mm.

Nuances D-6

The base of the D-6 dome is made of capron material art. 560011P, and the lining is made of the same fabric, but has an art. 56006P. Between the slings No. 15A and 15B, 1A and 1B, on the basis of the dome there are slots of size 1600 mm, designed for turning the arch with a decrease. At the top there are 30 cables made from a capric rope ShKP-150. To the free edges of the suspension structure No. 2 and 4, 7 lines are attached, and to No. 1 and 3 - 8.

The length of the lines in the free position from the buckle-semirings to the bottom edge of the dome is 9000 mm. They are labeled at a distance of 200 mm from the bottom edge of the arch and 400 mm from the half-rings-buckles of the free ends. They perfectly facilitate the laying of the dome cables. To the lines No. 15A and 15B, 1A and 1B, coordination cables are sewn. The dome has an area of 83 square meters. M.

The slings of the control are made of a kapron red harness ШКПкр. They are passed through rings sewn to the inside of the free ends of the suspended structure.

D-10

And now we will tell you how many lines there are in the parachute of the D-10 paratrooper. It is known that this heavenly umbrella replaced the parachute D-6. Its dome, made in the form of a patisson, with a beautiful appearance and improved characteristics has an area of 100 square meters. M.

Device D-10 is made for landing of beginning parachutists-paratroopers. With the help of it, you can perform combat and training jumps from the An-26, An-22, An-12, Il-76 transport aircraft, An-2, Mi-6 and Mi-8 helicopters. At the ejection speed of the flight is 140-400 km / h, the lowest jump height is 200 m with stabilization of 3 seconds, the limiting one - 4000 m with a manned flight of 140 kg, the decrease occurs at a speed of 5 m / s. At the parachute D-10 length of the lanyard is different. It weighs little and has many opportunities in management.

Every serviceman knows how many lines the main parachute of the D-10 paratrooper has. The device has 22 ropes with a length of 4 meters and 4 cables connected to the loops of the dome slits, 7 m in size from the cap nylon ШКП-150.

The parachute is also equipped with 22 additional external ropes from the PKK-150 harness with a length of 3 m. In addition, it has 24 internal additional ropes from a 4 m mesh SHKP-120 harness attached to the base sling. Cords 2 and 14 are connected to a pair of internal extension lines.

D10P

What good is the landing parachute? D-10 and D10P are amazing systems. The D10P device is designed so that it can be converted to D-10 and vice versa. You can deal with it without stabilization for a violent discovery. And you can attach it, put the parachute to work with the adjustment - and into the plane, into the sky ...

The dome D10P is made of 24 wedges, the slings have a strength for a rush of 150 kg each. The number of them is identical to the number of cables of the heavenly umbrella D-10.

Spare parts

And how many lines are there in the paratrooper's reserve parachute? It is known that the design of the D-10 allows you to use spare air umbrellas of type 3-5, 3-4, 3-2. The opening of the double-cone lock insures parachute devices PPK-U-165A-D, AD-ZU-D-165.

Consider an alternate parachute means 3-5. It consists of the following parts: domes with slings, suspension intermediate system, knapsack, manual opening link, parachute bag and passport, auxiliary parts.

A spare parachute contributes to the creation of a non-dangerous speed of descent (landing). This is a bearing surface made in the form of a cased surface layer with power parts that connect the top with the suspension intermediate system.

The parachute has a circular arch of 50 square meters. M, which consists of four sectors, made from five nylon cloths. These components are sewn together in a lock.

To the loops of the dome 24 lines are attached from the cap nylon ШКП-150. Their longitude in the free position from the bottom edge of the arch to the semicircles of the suspended intermediate system is 6.3 m. To simplify the laying of the vault, the 12th sling is made of a red cord (or on it a stitched red clutch).

On each rope at a distance of 1.7 m from the lower edge of the arch, there is a black mark denoting the place where the lines are completed to be inserted into the cells of the knapsack.

Interaction of details

If the main parachute does not work, the paratrooper should sharply pull out the handwheel exhaust ring. As a result, the pockets of the exhaust device, located around the pole gap, appearing in the air stream, pull out the bundle and the parachute-retention lines and remove the person from it.

Under the influence of the air flow, the dome of this device is completely opened, providing a normal landing.