How is dew and frost formed?

In nature, there are such phenomena as dew, rain, frost, snow. They occur in different seasons and from year to year are repeated due to the water cycle. How frost, dew, snow and rain are formed, read in the article.

Formation of dew

The water vapor contained in the air is cooled. Its condensate is deposited on the surface of the earth with drops of water, this is dew. Why is dew formed? It occurs mainly at night. This is because the earth's surface is cooling at this time more intensively, as the sun has already set. Its rays do not heat the earth, and it cools down. Condensation forms - droplets of water, which are called dew.

How is dew formed? From the point of view of physics, this is explained as follows. If the air temperature is different, the quantitative composition of the water molecules is also different. This is the definition of humidity. When the temperature decreases, the moisture in the air becomes smaller. Its excess condenses on surfaces that are colder than air. This is how dew forms.

How is dew formed? A favorable condition for its formation is a clear sky without clouds and the presence of surfaces that give off the heat accumulated during the light day, such as leaves of trees and grass. That's why on them in the early morning a person sees droplets of water.

The formation of dew on intensity varies. It depends on the region. In areas with tropical climate, dew is formed most often, since the air in this area contains water vapor in large quantities. How is dew formed? Its formation occurs then, the code of the air has a positive temperature. Only under such conditions, water vapor can condense and turn into droplets of water. How is dew formed, hoarfrost? If the air temperature is negative, the steam instantly passes into a solid state, formed frost. This is a very beautiful phenomenon of nature, especially if you watch it in the forest.

What is rain in the understanding of ancient people?

About this amazing phenomenon of nature in the distant past sang songs, composed legends. Ancient people called the rain tears, falling from the sky, the power of life. And on the other hand, the rain was considered a heavenly punishment that could flood the whole world. A person has always been interested in the formation of rain, snow, dew. The most widespread and popular at that time was the theory, according to which the formation of rain was explained by divine origin.

The formation of rain in nature

How dew formed, found. And here's how the rain, let's consider. Precipitation in the form of rain occurs when water vapor rises with heated air up to the very clouds where the air temperature is negative. Clouds form clouds. Drops of water fall out of them to the ground. Rain is an integral part of a very important natural process, called the water cycle.

In nature, the evaporation of water from different surfaces, which are ponds, plants or soil, constantly occurs. Steam enters the atmosphere, which is transported by powerful warm air flows upwards, to clouds, from which clouds are formed.

How is dew formed, rain? Dew occurs due to the difference in positive temperatures. The formation of rain occurs in a different way. In the clouds, the steam turns into small ice crystals. The weight of the steam increases due to them, and the crystals begin to fall, since they can not be held in the clouds. When they fall on their way, warm air again meets, so that the crystals are transformed into drops of water and fall on the ground, this is the rain.

Water droplets have the same shape, but different sizes. Raindrops are round, the diameter of the smallest reaches half a millimeter, the largest - six. Drops smaller than the smallest in size are called drizzles, and large ones, striking the ground, are broken.

In different regions rains have different intensity. Its degree is influenced by temperature factors, air humidity and the speed with which air flows move. If the climate is characterized by constant high temperatures, the warming of the earth's surface is stronger and much faster. Due to this, the water vapor rises upwards with the heated air of a more powerful flow and faster in time. Therefore, the rains in the warmer climate are more intense and more frequent.

What is hoarfrost?

It is a layer of very thin ice that covers the earth's surface, as well as all the objects located on it. This occurs provided that the air temperature is negative. The favorable conditions for the appearance of frost include the wind of low power and the absence of clouds in the sky in large quantities.

Rime formation

This process occurs when there is a difference between the temperature of the air and the surfaces on which the frost appears, even if it is insignificant. Water vapor immediately settles, crystallizes and covers all surfaces. Moreover, the water passes the phase of the liquid state, from the gaseous phase passes directly to the solid state.

Taking into account the laws of physics, the formation of frost is explained as follows. When the nights get cold and the air temperature drops below the freezing point of water, the water crystallizes, that is, ice is obtained from it. This forms frost.

How does dew, frost, rain form? An obligatory condition for the appearance of dew and rain is the presence of positive air temperatures, and for frost - negative. The frost is formed on any surfaces, but on objects with a rough surface and low thermal conductivity, for example on the ground, trees, faster.

This process is facilitated by a weak wind, because the flow of air increases the flow of air. It is important that there is no strong wind, otherwise the air will move too fast, and this creates interference during the formation of frost, that is, the crystallization process does not have time to complete.

The frost crystals have a different shape, according to which the ambient temperature is determined, of course, in general terms. If the crystals are in the form of needles with blunt ends, then there is severe frost in the street . Crystals in the form of prisms with six corners are notified that there is no severe frost. If the frost crystals appeared at the average temperature of a winter day, then their shape resembles a plate.

What are the frost flowers?

It is a frost form, which got its name because of the patterns that create frost when settling on the surface. Patterns are shaped like leaves and flowers. This happens when the period with positive temperatures lasts a long time - in the autumn and is characterized by warm soil and sharp cooling. Patterns are more likely to be seen on soil that is free of vegetation and debris. Significantly, they appear on the surfaces of other objects or objects, for example, on the ice of a lake. This is due to the water temperature, which is higher in the pond.

In the air of the living room there are water molecules. In the frosty period, any windows are much colder than the walls. Warm air gives its moisture to the cold window, which drops onto its surface with droplets of water and remains there. In severe frost, water droplets crystallize. A variety of patterns are formed on the window, the beauty of which depends on many factors, and first of all on the structure of the crystals. Also, the direction of air flows, scratches on the glass surface and small dust particles are important.

An interesting fact: never the formation of frost occurs on the branches of woody and herbaceous plants, and also on wires. What is deposited on them has a different name.

Formation of frost

It spreads where there is no frost, that is, on branches of trees, bushes, wires and other thin objects that have the ability to branch. Scientists believe that the formation of frost is the result of freezing of steam, which is contained in water.

Frost is the ice crystals, which chose long thin objects as their place of formation, and the conditions of formation are negative temperatures, a weak wind, fog or a thick haze.

Snow formation

Snow falls at an air temperature below two degrees of heat, and its melting is above zero degrees. An interesting fact: when the snow melts, in the area of its fall, the air becomes colder, that is, the temperature decreases. The process of snow formation is simple. How is dew, frost, snow formed? Hoarfrost appears in conditions of positive temperatures, and snow - negative. In the cold period of time in the clouds are frozen water droplets. They have microscopic dimensions and are attracted by dust particles. As the temperature is negative, it all freezes, small ice crystals are formed, whose dimensions do not exceed a tenth of a millimeter. The mass of the crystals increases during the fall due to the fact that the condensation of the vapor does not cease.

The formed crystals have six ends. Between them there are always right angles: sixty or one hundred and twenty degrees. When falling, the crystals increase in size because new crystals form at their ends.

Snowflakes

These are ice crystals of various types, connected in several pieces into a hexagonal shape. Each snowflake has six sides. If the temperature is low, formation of snowflakes of a small size and a simple structure occurs. If high - they are formed from a variety of crystals. Snowflakes take the form of stars, and their diameter can reach several units or tens of centimeters.

The forms of snowflakes are different, there are many of them. But the main are only nine. They are stars, needles and plates, columns and cufflinks, fluff, ice-covered and croup-shaped snowflakes, hedgehogs. These groups number about 50 species, which complicate the basic form. Each tiny snowflake is 95 percent air. That's why it falls very slowly to the ground, the speed of its fall is 0.9 kilometers per hour.