Hologram: how to make at home

Every year many students make holograms. They need it to perform certain tasks. In fact, the manufacturing process is very simple. The main thing is to have at your disposal about 30 minutes of free time and a dark quiet room. This is very important, since it will not be possible to make a hologram at home under daylight.

What you need to create a hologram

What is the hologram created from? How to make a quality product without special expensive equipment? It's simple. It is enough to collect all the necessary materials and find a secluded place. To produce the hologram, you will need:

1. Setting of objects for photographing.
2. Camera.
3. Helium-neon laser.
4. Developer for photographic film.
5. Lantern with green light.
6. Hair dryer.
7. Pocket flashlight or diaprojector.

Hologram - what is it?

What is a hologram? How to make it right? The answers to these questions are simple and lie on the surface. It is enough to understand only what a hologram is. In fact, this is a snapshot of the interference image, which is formed by several beams of light directed from different sides directly to the object. But that's not all. Beams of light must necessarily come from a single source. However, they must have a fixed phase difference.

Optical installation

Now you know what a hologram is. How to make it at home without too much expense? Many people think that this is simply impossible. However, it is not. A hologram is usually done with a special photo installation. If desired, you can also do it yourself. On the main frame it is necessary to fix a rectangular frame made of tubes with a square cross-section. Such a workpiece should be installed on a sufficiently strong sheet of plywood. The design must be stable. On the additional tube, you should place the object you want to photograph.

The main part of this installation is an optical bench, the length of which is half a meter. On it you need to install several holders for the tripods. They will be screwed into the lens. The latter should be biconcave. The focal length of the lens should be 3 centimeters. Optical bench should be painted with a matte black paint.

First stage

A ready-made optical unit should be placed on a table or a stable base. To remove harmful vibrations, you can put under the legs of the table cans of coffee, filled with loose material. Now you need to take a sheet of white paper and cut it so that its parameters match the film dimensions. After that, it should be placed on the glass, which is inserted into the holding frame. Lenses should be adjusted so that their center is on the same axis with the center of the paper.

Hologram: how to make

To obtain a hologram, you will have to use a helium-neon laser, which has an output power of 5 MW. The device must be turned on and then adjusted to its height. The laser beam should illuminate the paper evenly. All elements of the system must be carefully adjusted. Optical bench should be fixed on the base and note the position of the holders.

After that, you can take a picture of the object. Exposure time is usually determined by the sensitivity of the film. This indicator can be from a fraction of a second and up to several seconds. During photography, the structure should stand evenly and be stationary. It should be noted that any vibration will lead to distortion.

Working with film

So, you almost have a hologram ready. How to make it more light? After the picture, the film must be treated with a bleaching mixture. Preparing such a substance is very simple. To do this, mix 900 milliliters of water with 30 grams of ferrous sulfate and the same amount of potassium bromide. After preparation, the volume of the composition must be reduced to one liter.

The film should be green. To dry the finished photographic material, you can use a conventional hair dryer. That's all. Now you know how to make a 3D hologram.