Hinges for the hatch in the basement. Door hinges, automobile, homemade: which are better? Installation

Question for scholars: what mechanism is designed for a house, car, airplane and even a spaceship? No need to climb into the encyclopedia or convulsively enter the query in "Google", it's enough just to go to any door and push it. The door did not fall - it swung open, revealing to the curious mind this simple engineering design called the door hinge.

In fact, the door hinge is simply indispensable, and the person who gave the world such a necessary mechanism was simply a genius. Now many modifications of this device have been created, which are used practically in all spheres of life. Invented even secret hinges.

What is a door hinge?

The mechanism by which any door, hatch, window frame has the ability to open, turning about a fixed part, for example a door frame, is called a door hinge. In addition to the opening function, the shed retains the entire mass of the door leaf and fastens it to the opening. In order for the door to function effectively, the rotation mechanism must ensure:

• Reliability of connection with the box. Doors are quite heavy. Therefore, loops, as a rule, are made of steel or metal alloys having high strength.
• Ease of turning. Qualitative canopies are adjusted in such a way that there is minimal backlash between the moving parts of the mechanism. This excludes jamming at the time of opening or closing.
• Service availability. Hinges usually have technical holes for the possibility of processing their lubricants.
• Availability of convenient mounting holes. In any canopies, the fixing holes are made for countersunk screw heads. Due to this there is no load to pull out the mechanism when the door is closed.
• Aesthetic appeal. Modern products are covered with decorative alloys by electroplating and look like a filigree made loop (bronze, copper, nickel - the material of its coating). It is beautiful and, most importantly, protects against corrosion.

Types of loops and their features

There are several typical designs of the loop mechanism used for wooden doors of household purpose:

• Overhead loops. A feature is the fastening of them not to the butt, but to the main visible plane of the door leaf. They usually have one long and one short leaf. Sometimes such awnings perform bizarre shapes with patterns or forging.
• Mortise construction. Under these loops at the end of the door and the box is made a special sample for the thickness of the leaf. They are most often used for reliability, relative ease of installation and simplicity of design. In general, this type of mechanism is collapsible, providing the possibility of removing the door leaf.
• Door hinges hidden. If the canopy models described above are visible both with the door open and with the door closed, this view is completely invisible to the eye in the closed doors position. The design is not easy in the installation, as it requires sampling under a complex swivel mechanism both at the end of the door and in the door frame. The price for such accessories is also more expensive.
• Hinges screw type. The original view of the canopies, which one part is attached to the casing of the door frame, the other - to the end of the door. At the same time, the door must not be flush with the box. There are regulated and unregulated mechanisms.
• The design of bar loops. Interesting in that it allows you to open the doors in both directions. It is provided with a double hinge mechanism. In addition, they are equipped with special springs, which return the open fittings of the fittings to the closed position.

Hinges for the hatch in the basement

This option does not require a completely standard approach. To make the entrance to the basement invisible, what needs to be organized? The answer is simple. We need a secret hatch. This is possible if the hatch cover is finished with the same material as the rest of the floor surface is covered with. For better masking, it is necessary that the gap between the door and the floor is minimal. But the question arises: how to make the lid easy to climb? The fact is that the thickness of the hatch with a floor covering can be several centimeters and with usual sheds, the gap is simply not enough for a free opening of the hatch, it will catch and jam.

There is a special kind of mechanism that can solve this problem - loop-pantographs. They are arranged in such a way that the lid is firstly fed up, and then they are withdrawn to the side. In a closed state canopies are not visible, therefore they can be considered as secret hinges. In addition, you can increase the lifting of the hatch by equipping the structure with a pair of pneumatic lifts from the car's boot lid.

How to install hinges on the door

We will try to install hinges of a mortise type on the door. If the awnings are detachable, you must first determine the side in which the doors will be opened (there are right and left doors). Then, taking the loops of the appropriate destination, the following is performed:

1. Layout of the installation site on the door leaf. To do this, the canopies are applied to the end and the contour of the wing of the loop is drawn with a simple pencil.
2. The selection of the plane under the wing of the loop mechanism. On the contour, outlined in pencil, punched a chisel to the depth of the thickness of the wing. Further, the same chisel is removed a layer of wood.
3. Fastening of accessories to the butt of the door. Uncover the loop and one half is applied to the place where the plane is previously removed. Then take the wood screws and screw the mechanism.
4. Marking of the loop mounting location on the box. Open the mechanism at an angle of 90 degrees. Choose a wooden shingle with a thickness of the gap between the door and the floor. Install the door on a shingle at an angle to the opening of 90 degrees so that the hinge lid lies on the door frame. A shelter is covered with a pencil.
5. The selection of the plane under the loop on the box - repeat step 2.
6. Fastening the buttonhole to the box - repeat step 3.

It is advisable to first fix the canopies with two screws, and add the rest after adjustment.

Hinges for the hatch in the basement are better to take all-in, so that the lid in the open state does not move to the side.

How to adjust the hinges

After the door is planted, it is opened and released. Suppose that she stayed in place, then transferred it to a position 90 degrees to the opening and then released again. If the door is stationary at any point of opening, then it hangs correctly and its vertical is not displaced anywhere.

Next, check the operation of loops. Slowly opening the door leaf, make sure that the awnings do not make any other movements, except for the rotary ones provided by the construction. In the event that the loops begin to bend or the door arbitrarily moves in any direction when releasing, it is necessary to adjust the position of the loops.

Adjust the canopies so that the door can not be opened arbitrarily, it is possible by laying under one side of the loop of the substrate. To do this, the lower loop is released at the place of attachment to the box and inserts pieces of cardboard into the slot, achieving a position when the door stops moving spontaneously. After that, a wooden substratum is replaced in place of the cardboard and firmly fixed under a canopy.

Align the hinges so that they do not bend in the following way. At the top let out slightly the topmost screw, the second is twisted completely. Then slowly open and close the door, watching as the canopy begins to move away from the second landing hole. Mark the middle position of the loop for the entire cycle of movements and fix it rigidly through the new fixing holes.

Hinges for hidden hatches do not need adjustment. This is the plus of the product. Such ease of use is due to the fact that the secret hatch does not carry a special load on the separation.

How to care for the mechanism

Any mechanism requires care. In relation to loops this is regular lubrication. If canopies are collapsible, it is better to treat them with lithol or similar mastic. Non-folding or hinged door hinges are usually greased, but during the movement the material is produced. Therefore, it is desirable to regularly handle the canopies with oil for lubricating sewing machines. Typically, loops are provided with technical holes for these purposes.

It is also important to check periodically whether the screws are tightly screwed. A slight backlash can very quickly break up the mounting holes or loosen the mechanism itself. You can feel the looseness when you open the door when it slightly moves out.

Homemade hinges

Door hinges are not deficit and are affordable for any person. But sometimes there is a need to make a temporary door for any work. For example, to enclose a building site plot and make an entrance to this territory. It is not necessary to buy iron canopies for this. You can make them yourself out of rubber.

For rubber loops the usual used automobile tire is suitable. Two rectangular strips of 100X300 mm are cut out of it. The stripes are one above, the second one is attached to the self-made door. The second parts of the strips are fixed on the fence in the place of the opening. Here's the door and ready.

Car Loops

Canopies on the doors of transport require much more care than ordinary door in the house. Care for mechanisms such as hinges for a hatch in the basement also does not go to any comparison with car canopies. This is due to the fact that the load on them is much more intensive. And also there is an effect of high positive and negative temperatures. Therefore, for the care of such mechanisms, special lubricants have been developed, which ensure:

• Low coefficient of friction ;
• Long term preservation of lubricating properties;
• Stable homogeneous structure;
• High frost resistance;
• Protection from corrosion.

Conclusion

To answer the question of which loops are best applied in this or that case, it will not be difficult. You need to know the purpose of the door, its mass, and how it should look aesthetically. All canopies have limits on load and purpose. But if there is a desire to experiment, please. For example, the entrance to the basement is a non-standard situation, therefore loops for the hatch in the basement can be arranged differently. Everything depends on the engineer's thought of the artist.