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Garlic treatment before planting. Peculiarities of growing garlic

Garlic has high healing properties, the presence of which is due to an exceptional chemical composition. It contains more than 26% carbohydrates, lots of protein, ascorbic acid and arsenic compounds. They together with the use of raw garlic have a therapeutic effect. In addition, its bulbs have a pronounced phytoncidal effect.

There are three types of this garden crop: winter (arrow and non-spilling) and spring garlic. Cultivation and care - the processes are simple, but they have some peculiarities. How to get a high crop of garlic, read further in the article.

Winter varieties of garlic

  • Danilovsky local - non-spilling garlic. The bulb is large with 6-11 denticles, the covering scales have a lilac shade.
  • Gribovsky-60 - sharp pointed garlic, forming a large bulb with 7-11 teeth. The color of the covering scales is red-lilac.
  • Gribov's jubilee is a cold-resistant, furious grade of garlic. The weight of the bulb is about 40 g, the number of teeth is exactly 11, the covering scales have a violet color.
  • Komsomolets is a cold-resistant winter variety with a sharp taste, an arrow. A large bulb consists of 7-11 teeth, covered with pink covering scales with a purple hue.

Varieties of spring garlic

The classification of garlic is based on when to plant garlic in the open ground. Winter is planted in autumn, and in early spring - spring. The first species is most popular among gardeners. However, there are very good and proven varieties of spring garlic.

  • Demidovsky is a variety of Ural breeding, recommended for cultivation throughout Russia. Bulb weighing up to 47 grams, teeth 16. Color of covering scales - cream. The taste is semi-acute, the shelf life is excellent - up to 10 months.
  • Yelenovsky is a yielding variety, resistant to nematode, with good lezhkostyu. Bulb weight - up to 23 g, 16 teeth are formed. Taste is semi-sharp. The color of the covering scales is white.
  • Nugget - a variety of large spring garlic with a bulb mass up to 67 g, forms 19-23 teeth. Pulp of semi-ostrich taste, white, covering scales is white.

Winter garlic: planting dates

As already mentioned above, winter garlic is planted in beds in autumn. The firing varieties, the most common, form an inflorescence in addition to the underground bulb, which then develop bulbous bulbs.

Before you learn how to handle garlic before planting, you should find out in what terms it should be planted. Just note that there is no specific date. The timing of the landing depends on the climatic conditions. Focus on what you need to do this about 1-1.5 months before the cold snap. During this time, the teeth must take root and develop a good root system, which penetrates 10-12 cm deep, but does not "release" the leaflets. In regions with a cold climate, the planting period starts from September 20, in the more southern - from October 14. If garlic is planted earlier, it will germinate, if later - it freezes.

Preparation of planting material

Preparation of garlic for planting begins with inspection of planting material. Use the harvest of the current year. Select for this well-dried, healthy bulbs. If they contain moisture in excess, they will quickly germinate. Gently separate them into separate teeth, avoiding damage to the peel. Then calibrate them to fit large, medium and small.

To disassemble a bulb on a teeth it is necessary directly before landing, otherwise can dry up a bottom, and it strongly will stop the formation of rootlets.

The processing of garlic before planting can be carried out in various ways, some of which we will consider below. Despite the differences, they all have one goal - to help young dentists to winter and protect them from possible diseases. The following processing methods are considered to be the most effective: a solution of wood ash, potassium permanganate, salt and copper sulfate, nitro ammophos.

Treatment of garlic before planting in brine and copper sulfate

Seeding material in a saline solution (concentration: 3 tablespoons salt per five liters of water) for a couple of minutes. To be more convenient, you can fold all the denticles into a rag bag, or wrap them in a cotton cut and tie up the ends like a hammer.

The second stage is the treatment with copper sulfate. To do this, dilute in ten liters of water 1 tbsp. L. And dip the garlic into the solution for another minute. After that, without rinsing the teeth, plant them on the bed. This treatment of garlic before planting with copper sulfate is mainly aimed at preventing the development of various diseases. It can be used for both winter and spring varieties.

When boarding, follow the calibration procedure. Do not mix large and small teeth, so you will achieve amicable shoots.

Soaking in a solution of wood ash

Quite often you can meet the question of whether to soak the garlic before planting. The answer depends on which grade you choose. If we are talking about garlic with winter, then it is better not to do this. The main goal of soaking is to help the prongs to get through faster. Therefore, it is relevant in the case of spring garlic. It is recommended to stand in the refrigerator for a month beforehand.

Soaking in the ashes is, perhaps, the oldest and most budgetary way. The ash is formed in sufficient quantity in the bath. Just during the winter it should be collected. To make a solution, two cups of wood ash pour two liters of hot water. It is necessary to wait until the finely divided mixture is divided into layers. By this time the solution should cool down, drain its light part into a separate container. It is in it should be soaked cloves of garlic for one hour.

Soaking garlic in a solution of potassium permanganate

Processing garlic before planting potassium permanganate is also a very common method. In the case of winter varieties, it is necessary to make it short-lived. It is enough to lower the teeth for 1-2 minutes. In a slightly pink solution. If it comes to spring garlic, then practice soaking for 10-12 hours.

In addition, it is possible to carry out a complex treatment. To do this, cloves of garlic are initially soaked in a weak solution of nitroammophoska (1 tbsp preparation per ten liters of water). A day later, the planting material is placed in a slightly saline solution for 20 minutes. At the end, garlic is lowered for another 20 minutes. In a solution of copper sulfate. Concentrations are the same as those listed above.

Growing of winter garlic

If the preparation of garlic for planting was carried out correctly, as well as planting itself, and the seeds are good and strong, then in the early spring, as soon as snow falls on the bed, sprouts will appear. At this point, in order to prevent the formation of crusts and to provide access to oxygen to the roots of the plant, it is necessary to loosen the soil to a depth of 2-3 cm.

Irrigation of garlic is carried out from May to the first ten days of July. Stop it about twenty days before the proposed cleaning. The volume of water consumed depends on the air temperature. Approximately it is equal to 10-12 liters per 1 m 2. Periodicity of watering - once in ten days (with very hot summer it is reduced to 5-6).

Feeding

Irrigation of garlic can be successfully combined with the application of fertilizers. Let's talk about how to feed winter garlic for its better growth. In general, top dressing is best done in three stages as the plants develop.

As soon as garlic is formed 3-4 of this leaflets, pour it with a solution of urea from the watering can or by sprinkling. The concentration of the solution is 1 tbsp. L. Fertilizer per 10 liters of water. This amount is enough for the entire bed, since the consumption is 2-3 liters per 1 m 2 .

Before you feed the winter garlic a second time, wait two weeks after the first treatment. To prepare a nutrient solution in ten liters of water, dilute nitroammophoska or nitrophoska and the preparation "Agricola" or "Fertility". The flow rate is 4-5 liters per 1 m 2 .

The third feeding is aimed at "supporting" the plant during the formation of the bulb, and it falls on the second half of June. In ten liters of water dilute ground superphosphate (2 tbsp.). The flow rate of the solution is 4-5 liters per 1 m 2 .

Spring garlic: cultivation and care

Agrotechnics of spring garlic is no different from his winter colleague. For the plant should be prepared fertile soil with pre-introduced mineral and organic fertilizers. The height of the bed can vary from 12 to 15 cm, the width should not be more than 90 cm.

Spend one of the above methods before planting garlic processing. Then put the teeth on the bed at a distance of 6-8 cm to a depth of 2-3 cm.

As soon as the shoots appear, the plants must be fertilized with fertilizer containing nitrogen. Use urea or Mullein solution for this. Further care for garlic is the timely weeding and loosening of the soil, watering. In May, the soil must be kept moist at all times. Periodicity of watering at this time of year - once a week.

When bulbs begin to form, garlic must be supplemented with phosphorus-potassium preparations. It can be potassium chloride, potassium sulfate or superphosphate. Strictly observe the dosage indicated on the package. In the period between top dressings, pour in the aisle a simple wood ash at the rate of one glass per 1 m 2 .

Spring garlic begins to clean after the mass drying of the foliage of the lower tier, as well as lodging and yellowing of the upper leaves. The bulbs are dried well and stored for storage.

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