HealthDiseases and Conditions

Fetoplacental insufficiency is an actual problem

Fetoplacental insufficiency is a condition characterized by impaired functions of the placenta, in which various structural changes are usually found. Experts diagnose this deviation, which has a different severity, in almost a third of pregnant women. This problem does not lose its relevance today.

Impaired placental function leads to severe consequences. Fetoplacental insufficiency is accompanied by oxygen starvation (hypoxia) of the fetus and a halt in its development and growth. This condition leads to the fact that the fetus is exposed to more active influence of harmful metabolic products and various infections. As a result of disorders of the hormonal placental function, the risk of anomalies and premature birth is increased.

Fetoplacental insufficiency is accompanied by the following risk factors:

1. Chronic diseases of the future childbirth (heart diseases, diabetes, thyroid pathology, bronchial asthma).

2. All kinds of infections. The placenta can be affected by various foci of chronic infections in the maternal body: carious teeth, chronic respiratory illnesses, colds, diseases that are transmitted during sexual intercourse.

3. Complications arising during pregnancy: Rh-conflict, gestosis, threat of miscarriage.

4. Pathologies of the uterus: adenomyosis, uterine myoma, chronic endometritis, malformations (saddle or bicorne uterus).

5. Incorrectly attached placenta. With the presentation of the placenta, the situation is greatly exacerbated, since the blood supply in the lower parts of the uterus is much worse.

6. Psychoemotional stress and various stresses.

7. Age of the woman: in pregnant women under 18 and after 35 years, fetoplacental insufficiency is observed much more often than in others.

8. Spontaneous miscarriages and abortions.

9. Environmental impact: poor environmental conditions, harmful occupational factors, contamination of food and beverages.

10. Insufficient or incorrect nutrition.

11. Smoking.

Such a phenomenon as chronic fetoplacental insufficiency leads to exposure of the fetus to various birth trauma. Such newborns have a much harder process of adaptation. The consequence of this are diseases of the nervous system, various developmental anomalies. Children born in this case are more likely to suffer from respiratory infections and intestinal disorders.

Classify the primary and secondary insufficiency. During the primary failure of the structure and functions, the placenta occurs already during the period of its formation (16-18 weeks). In this case, the forecast is usually unfavorable. Most of these pregnancies end prematurely (spontaneous miscarriage). In the case of secondary placental insufficiency , the normal placenta is formed, but at later times its functions are violated.

There are subcompensated, compensated and decompensated fetoplacental insufficiency. The subcompensated form begins with the lag of the fetus in development and growth. The compensated form is diagnosed by ultrasound examination. With her, the fetus practically does not suffer and there are no delays in development. The decompensated form is characterized by severe cardiac arrhythmias and marked developmental arrest. In especially severe cases, fetal death is possible.

Fetoplacental insufficiency, treatment:

- effective means that eliminate insufficiency, no;

- the process is stabilized and the functions of the placenta are maintained;

- improvement of placental blood flow, gas exchange, normalization of the tone of the uterus and blood vessels, correction of blood coagulation, improvement of metabolic processes;

- Oxygen cocktails are prescribed, drugs: curantil, actovegin, heparin, clexane.

Fetoplacental insufficiency is a complex deviation, but with it one can and must fight.

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