Exercises for the development of speech of preschool children, schoolchildren and adults

Active neuropsychic development in the child occurs in the third year of life. The formation of speech is very noticeable. Practically all parts of speech are used, the child ceases to use the simplified forms of words that he used before ("bo-bo", "gav-gav", "kup-kup"). He is already thinking about the correct pronunciation of words.

Development through the game

All exercises for the development of speech with children are conducted in a game form. Only with this occupation is remembered most of the information. Exercises will also be useful for a person of any age category who wants to improve speech.

The level of thinking reflects the child's speech. It is exactly how children represent the purpose of the objects surrounding their homes, and is an indicator of the level of thinking in speech.

New items should cause the baby's interest. Curiosity pushes the baby to determine the functionality of the thing. In this regard, parents must satisfy his questions: "What is this for?", "Why?", "How?", "Why?".

Cognitive development is very necessary for a child of three years of age. The appearance of complex sentences using various parts of speech indicates activity in thought activity. All exercises for the development of the child's speech are conducted in the form of games.

Passive vocabulary as a basis

Verbal instructions to search for an object by a certain feature teach the child to recognize and remember objects. For example: "Where is the blue cube? Bring it. "

The child is accustomed to determine the location of objects in space. For this, exact requests are made: "Take the ball out of the box." Gradually, the tasks become more complicated. In everyday life it can be one request from three points: "Take the ball, find your dad. Give it to your dad. "

Such complex exercises for the development of the child's speech should be understandable to the baby. Various games, images of animals, pictures will help to expand the stock of words in the child.

From game to reality

Developmental signs.

Changing themes, teach the child to get used to real subjects in the game.

In the prepared boxes, small houses "live" different animals - domestic and wild. The task of the child is to select a picture with the specified animal.

Help me find the house. A slightly opposite problem to the previous game. Now, on the contrary, having taken a toy in hands, the child should pick up a small house on pictures which are placed near small boxes.

What do we see?

Before the child the pictures are arranged. Taking one, the child must tell what he sees. If the kid finds it difficult, the adult helps him, prompting him to finish the sentence to the end.

Find a Couple

Excellent developmental exercises to develop the speech of preschool children are laid in the game with paired pictures. On the table, the images are arranged in several rows. For starters, this is three to four rows of 4-5 pictures.

All the objects depicted must be familiar to him. The simple question is put the task: "Where else is this picture?" Or "I found the ball, and yet there is a ball?"

Development of active speech

At an early stage of speech development, it is important to pay attention to the expansion of the active vocabulary, as well as to form a grammatical construction of speech.

Elementary skills - the recognition of objects, phenomena, actions - will develop in the child more actively during regular classes. Constant training, didactic exercises for the development of speech saturate the child's vocabulary. He tries to make phrases, to give detailed answers.

The passivity of adults also gives its results - a lean vocabulary for the baby.

To consolidate new phrases, individual words, it is important for children to "meet" them in a pair with familiar definitions. For example, "a bear in a green hat, sitting on a shelf, behind a book", "a gray rabbit, lives in the forest, eats a carrot".

Describing a new toy, pay attention to bright details, say them: "cockerel - red comb, golden feathers, sharp beak, sharp eyes". Show how the cock crowed - "ku-ka-re-ku". Involve all parts of the body according to the perception of the object. You can add stories from fairy tales, as well as re-read your favorite books ("Cockerel - a golden comb").

Ask the child to tell what he sees, where this character met, with whom he was there. It is important to ask specific questions, at first monosyllabic questions.

Empower emotions

Some basic conditions are simply necessary, so that speech activity progresses in development. The need to speak out is one of the main rules for strengthening and developing speech. This applies even to the youngest children. For them it is an opportunity to show the feelings and emotions that they experience.

Some situations are created artificially in order for the child to prove himself. Speech utterance should be informative. A schoolboy should describe his perception in detail. A logical exposition of phrases depends on the child's literacy.

Development of speech preschool

Individual development of speech in all children proceeds in their own way. It all depends on the characteristics of speech.

The problematic pronunciation of several sounds at the same time is quite common. It is most difficult to cope with the sounds "z", "c" "w", "w". The speech therapist should be consulted when the problem is not resolved for the fifth year of life. Up to 4 years, partial "lameness" of sounds is considered the norm.

The child must master the speech even at preschool age. This is the longest and most complex process in mastering speech. By school age (about the 7th year of life), language is an instrument of communication. The specialist selects complex exercises for the development of speech of preschool children. The child should perceive them as conscious lessons. Preparing for school involves learning to write and read.

After the preparatory period, the program for older children includes exercises for the development of students' speech. Sound speech is posed when preschoolers realize the distinctive features in pronunciation.

A proven method - tongue twisters

Simple tongue twisters will help to cope with the problem for several exercises.

The position of the body must be to the perception of information and the programming of pronunciation. In the sitting position, keep your back straight, your hands on your knees. Breath is calm, arbitrary.

Eliminate the barrier in the pronunciation of the sounds "b", "p", the phrase "the white-headed ram of everyone was perpetually", "the drummer kicked the ram", "the beavers are running, they are kind," "the Bobryat at the beaver are kind."

To bring to perfection the sounds "in", "p" will help training with the text: "the crow brought the crow to the gate," "Varya believes in kindness," "goalkeeper Vova, like a crow."

The sounds "g", "p" are phrases - "the legs are running on the road", "all the mushrooms are eaten up by rodents," "the hump grows from Gorynych, he fell from the mountain to the head." With the sound "ж" they say - "the jigit has two visits," "the toad greedy seeing off the airship," "the giraffe looked at the pity with a pity".

Over the problem "ж" and "ш" say - "on the crooked path ran legs."

Sounds "z", "p", corrected with pronunciation - "a rabbit, a rabbit with a sharp tooth, there are your tracks everywhere", "where there was a threat to be, we can not take water there."

Phrases that work out the sounds "z", "c" - "went oblique goat with a gray goat", "the incident came out of the decree."

Children's intuition

Children easily recognize the pattern of the structure of words and phrases. At the age of 3-5 years, speech is perceived as "sensible" reality. The meaning of the words pronounced by adults is sometimes used by children in their own way, but they always feel the connection between the subject and the meaning of the said phrases.

Everyone can recall childish spontaneity - slightly distorted definitions, addressed to an object or thing. But this ability in specialists is called quite a serious skill - word-making.

A small collection of wonderful children's thoughts was collected from KI Chukovsky in his book. Children's word-making is collected from different examples, for example: "The bald head barefoot", "From the mint cakes in the mouth draft."

School essays - a lesson on the development of fantasy

Exercises on the development of coherent speech - the main part in the education of schoolchildren of lower grades.

The works that are included in the teaching methods are didactic exercises on the development of speech, stories, school essays. Communication with peers also contributes to the formation of the correct speech in the child.

Competent exercises will help the student develop the concept of the correct expression of thoughts. Junior school age - the same period when the information is solidly accumulated.

Children are brought to the concept that there can be several means of communication - gestures, facial expressions, language. Exercises for the development of coherent speech include practical exercises with subjects, reading, independent stories about the material read.

"Childish" pronunciation in adults. Work of specialists

If the child's wrong pronunciation is written off to the age, then in an adult it grows into a psychological complex. Therefore, to pronounce the sound correctly, without kartovosti, lisp - the rule of good tone and work on yourself.

Very often serious problems torment adults. Educational institutions are long behind, children's games will not help. Specialists in this field - speech therapists - take the case.

The task is the development of speech in adults. Exercises are aimed at eliminating not only the incorrect pronunciation of sounds, but also an excessively fast rate of speech, delay in pronunciation.

Doctors-speech therapists will select exercises for the development of speech, correct the lisp, card, nasal, stutter. And some need to correct the inability to pronounce words in the exact order.

Excitement under control

Some people feel their problem when they come into contact with an unfamiliar interlocutor. Speech is changing beyond recognition, others do not understand it.

Restoring breathing will help to correct the situation. Therefore, always for this type of patients the main rule is to calm down. Experienced professionals will help to find motivation to do everything right.

Diaphragmatic exercises for speech development and daily training work very positively:

- Deep breath, inflating the stomach. Exhaling, retract the abdomen. Before the meeting, the entire text must be read. During the conversation you need to control your speech, keep calm and try to keep the pace.

If you feel that you are starting to accelerate - take a deep breath.

- The formation of articulation will help special myogymnastics three times a day.

The mouth is filled with water, which must be kept for at least 15 seconds.

Nasal congestion in the voice can be manifested when the nasal part does not participate in voice formation. In addition to an ugly defect, the question is solved with the treatment of the disease, in which the complicated nasal breathing is eliminated.

Causes of the disease can polyps, curvatures in the nasal septums. The consequences are expressed in the distortion of the voice, the mispronunciation of the sounds of "m" "n". Practical exercises with a specialist relieve patients of nasal congestion.

Bring up the image

The general impression of a person creates facial expressions during a conversation. Proper management of your emotions will help keep the conversation style. This is especially important in public speaking. Logopedic centers practice group sessions, which contribute to better mastering of the material.

Doctors recommend using exercises for the development of speech for proper speech breathing. A breath is drawn through his nose. Exhalation is through the mouth.

Correct speech breathing is another additional prevention of colds. The articulation of sounds is ensured by a correct diction.

Fuzzy sounds are obtained when the mouth "does not work at full strength". Namely - badly opens. In this case, speech therapy exercises for the development of speech is the work with the mobility of the lower muscle on the jaw.

The immobility of the lips affects the vowels and consonant sounds. The correct development of speech affects the work of language.

It is especially difficult to pronounce words where there are many consonants. Regular training, including language exercises for speech development, will provide good pronunciation. The main rule - all words are pronounced in one exhalation.