HealthDiseases and Conditions

Exacerbation of chronic pancreatitis

Chronic pancreatitis is a long-term inflammatory process in the pancreas. The disease can develop independently, as the outcome of acute pancreatitis (primary pancreatitis), or occur with exacerbation of other diseases of the digestive organs (secondary pancreatitis). The course of the disease is undulating. When the effect of etiological factors there is exacerbation of chronic pancreatitis. With proper treatment, exacerbation is replaced by remission (remission of the inflammatory process).

Etiology of the disease

Exacerbation of chronic pancreatitis develops usually with eating disorders, fondness for acute or too fatty foods, abuse of alcoholic beverages. In addition to the effects of external causative factors, exacerbation of chronic pancreatitis can cause diseases of the digestive tract (cholecystitis, hepatitis, peptic ulcer disease), as well as infectious diseases or long intoxication with heavy metals in harmful production.

Exacerbation of chronic pancreatitis is manifested by the development of edema of the gland tissues, impaired blood circulation in the organ and outflow of pancreatic enzymes. The consequence of this is the activation of enzymes within the body, the processes of autoaggression and autolysis of the pancreatic tissues are developing. Prolonged inflammation and "self-digestion" lead to sclerosis of the organ.

Inflammation can spread to the entire organ, or it can seize it partially, involving the head or tail. Chronic pancreatitis is classified into several types: interstitial, calculous, parenchymal and sclerosing.

Clinic of the disease

In case of exacerbation, severe pain occurs in the area of the stomach and left hypochondrium, which can give back to the heart region. There is nausea, often vomiting, stool (diarrhea). A long-term process of digestive disorders in the intestine leads to loss of body weight. The phenomena of dyspepsia are present almost constantly, the patient has an aversion to fatty foods. For chronic pancreatitis, diarrhea is common. The stool is liquid with a characteristic fatty shine arising from the violation of digestion of fats.

Diagnostics

Diagnosis is made on the basis of characteristic complaints, examination of the patient. In blood tests there is an increase in ESR, moderate leukocytosis, an imbalance of protein fractions, hypoproteinemia, increased pancreatic enzymes, and blood sugar.

On ultrasound examination, you can see an enlarged, edematous pancreas. Depending on the form of the disease, you can find cysts or concrements. With diagnostic difficulties, you can conduct a study on a computer tomograph.

The complication of the disease can be: abscess, cyst formation, development of diabetes mellitus, narrowing of ducts, etc.

Treatment

It is important to determine the etiological factor that caused the exacerbation of chronic pancreatitis. Treatment should include a set of actions aimed at reducing the inflammatory process, suppressing the activity of pancreatic enzymes, restoring normal outflow of pancreatic juice. With severe pain syndrome, they use pain medications, antispasmodics. In the formation of an abscess or severe exacerbation, antibiotics are prescribed.

Diet in the exacerbation of chronic pancreatitis provides for gentle feeding in small portions. Food is preferably steamed. Food should be rich in protein and limited in fats. Also, during an exacerbation limit carbohydrates.

Outside exacerbation it is desirable to treat in a sanatorium, drink mineral waters and observe the correct diet.

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