Automobiles, Cars
Electronic ignition on VAZ 2107: installation and circuit
To use electronic ignition on VAZ 2107 is much more effective than contact. In order to understand the advantages that arise when installing a contactless system, it is necessary to briefly review the history of its development. And to begin, of course, is with the contact system, it was with her that development began. It is also necessary to carefully study the main components of the ignition, determine what functions they perform. It is also worth noting that the installation of electronic ignition allows you to achieve higher power and reliability of the entire car.
The basic elements of ignition systems
The main elements include such things as spark plugs, armored wires, coils. These are nodes that are present in any system. True, they have some differences. Of course, the candles are used on all engines the same. If we are talking about cars VAZ. Ophthalmic can be in both rubber and silicone membranes. They have both pluses and minuses. For example, silicone is more susceptible to the destruction of the internal conductive layer.
And the wires in the rubber shell do not tolerate low temperatures - they become hard, lose their elasticity. The ignition coils, in spite of the fact that they have the same functions, are also different. If in the contact system the breakdown voltage must be 25-30 kV, the electronic ignition system operates at a value of this parameter of the order of 30-40 kV. And if in these two systems one coil is used, the microprocessors are equipped with two or four. One coil for 1-2 candles.
Contact system
This design was popular until the mid-90s of last century. But it went into oblivion, because it is morally obsolete. It is based on the ignition distributor, in which the rotor has a small section, made in the form of a cam. With its help, the chopper is driven - two metal plates isolated from each other. They have contacts that close and open under the action of the cam.
The reliability of this system depends directly on the status of this contact group. The fact that the contacts commute the voltage of 12 volts, therefore, the risk that they burn, very high. They also come into contact, therefore, there is a mechanical effect. Hence the decrease in the thickness of the contacts, hence the increase in the gap between them. For this reason, you must constantly monitor the status of the contact group. But the electronic ignition system allows you to get rid of such small deficiencies.
Contact-transistor
A little bit more perfect this system, but to an ideal it is still far from it. As in the previous type, there is also a trampler and a contact group. With a slight difference, it commutes a low voltage, less than 1 Volt. More to manage the electronic key, assembled on a semiconductor transistor, and is not required. The advantage of this system becomes clear from the foregoing. But the disadvantage still remains - there is a mechanical effect. Consequently, the contacts gradually wear out and require replacement. It's a long time not to travel without timely maintenance. Although it is almost an electronic ignition on the VAZ 2107, but it's still far from BSZ.
Non-contact system
But the non-contact system is closer to the ideal. It does not have a contact group, which is the most vulnerable place. Therefore, it will not be necessary to service it. All functions of the breaker are assigned to an inductive sensor operating on the Hall effect. It is mounted inside the distributor, in the same place on which the contact group stood. For the normal operation of the ignition system, it is necessary that the sensor function correctly. And he can not work without a metal skirt with slits that rotates in the area of his active element. The electronic ignition circuit has a high degree of reliability in many respects due to the fact that there is no mechanical interaction of the elements in it.
Hall Sensor
When the engine is running, the rotation is transmitted to the axis of the tracer. At the top of it a slider rotates, which distributes high voltage from the coil to the spark plugs. In the lower part is the previously mentioned metal skirt. It is located in such a way that it rotates in the area of the sensor. Consequently, the latter, under the influence of metal, produces an impulse. And there are four such jumps in one revolution (according to the number of cylinders). Then this pulse goes to the switch. Installation of electronic ignition is carried out rather quickly, since it contains a small number of elements. Among them is the switch, but it will be discussed later.
Microprocessor system
This type of system is the most perfect. The reason is that it works by processing data from a number of sensors. It is actively used only on injector engines, since only in them it is possible to carry out fuel management. All the parameters of the engine operation are monitored. Signals from the sensors go to the electronic control unit - the brain of the entire system. It is made on the basis of a microprocessor, which can perform thousands of operations per second. The electronic ignition circuit of this type is rather complicated, and also requires programming. After all, the microprocessor must know what the user wants from it, given a certain type of input signal.
Sensors in the microprocessor system
As it was said, in this type of ignition system it is necessary to analyze all parameters. In particular, with increasing requirements for toxicity, the use of lambda probes began. Microcontroller electronic ignition VAZ allows you to connect several types of readers. Of course, the use of lambda probes in cars is controversial, because it is worth looking at how many harmful gases and liquids are released by the enterprises into the environment. But legislators in Europe are concerned about the last. The injection sevens meet the Euro-2 and Euro-3 toxicity standards. Unfortunately, at the moment the Euro-6 standards are in force.
For normal operation of the engine, monitor the speed, engine speed, air flowing into the fuel rail. Also, an analysis of the CO content in the exhaust system is carried out, the position of the throttle valve relative to the starting point is determined. In addition, the presence of detonation in the engine is determined every second, idling is adjusted . And all this is done by a system that is made on a microprocessor. Thousands of operations it conducts in a timely manner to give signals to actuators (for example, solenoid valves of injectors). Since it is quite difficult to install an electronic ignition of this type on carburetor engines, it is worthwhile to dwell on the use of BSZ.
Switch
This element is the precursor of the microprocessor-based electronic control unit. With the help of the switch, a signal is sent to the ignition coil. The only sensor that is involved in his work is Hall. With its help, the moment when the voltage is applied begins. True, the signal level, which comes from the Hall sensor, is very small. If it is applied to a high-voltage coil, then the output voltage for spark ignition is insufficient. Incidentally, the electronic ignition of the 2106 can easily be mounted on the entire VAZ 2101-2107 range, since its installation is the same.
Therefore, it becomes necessary to use a buffer node - an amplifier. It is these functions that the switch performs. When he works, a lot of heat is allocated, so the installation of the unit should be approached with all responsibility. It must be mounted so that the rear part of it is as close as possible to the element of the body of the car. Otherwise, a rapid failure of the semiconductor elements of the system is possible. The plug with which the switch is connected must be protected against dust and moisture.
How to install a distributor
Now we need to talk about how to mount and set up the electronic ignition for 2107. The installation of the BSZ dispenser in the classics is similar to the procedure performed when installing a simple contact system tumbler. First expose the crankshaft pulley on the marks on the engine block. There are three labels that determine the amount of advance angle - 0, 5, 10 degrees. Install the pulley opposite the mark that corresponds to a value of 5 degrees. It is the most optimal when working on gasoline with an octane rating of 92.
Now, removing the distributor cover, install the slider in such a way that it faces the output that goes to the candle of the first cylinder. Now it remains only to install the body of the trambler in its place and to make the nut of its fastening. Then replace the distributor cover, tighten it with spring clips. That's all, the initial setting of the ignition is completed, now you can proceed to fine-tune.
Setting the advance angle
It should be noted right away that the adjustment "by ear" can be carried out, but only in the most urgent cases. For example, if a breakdown has caught you on the road and you need to get to the place of repair. In other cases, you need to use at least simple means - for example, an LED indicator. It is best if the electronic ignition on the VAZ 2107 is regulated using a stroboscope or motor tester.
If you have a strobe, the task of adjusting the ignition timing is simplified many times. Incidentally, such a device can be assembled even from an LED flashlight. Install the control output with a capacitive sensor on the armored cylinder of the first cylinder. Now we need to direct the beam of the strobe to the crankshaft pulley. Of course, the engine must be started. Rotating the body of the tumbler, make sure that the mark on the crankshaft passes in front of the corresponding serifs on the block clearly at the time of the flash.
What does the installation of the BSZ give for the seven?
But now the praise for the contactless system will begin. It's no secret that electronic contactless ignition is much better than its predecessor. The reason is that there is no need for frequent control of the distributor and the breaker. And what does a modern driver need? To his car went, but did not require him to know the device of the car and its systems. Note, the more modern the machine, the less the owner interferes with her work. The maximum is the replacement of liquids and filters.
And BSZ took a step towards the drivers, it saved them from the need to constantly check the gaps, adjust the angle of advance, clean contacts. Now a fairly large number of people who can distinguish the speed box from the piston with great difficulty. Can he do all of the above procedures? Exactly. Consequently, electronic non - contact ignition allows you to increase the reliability of the car. And the need for frequent adjustments disappears.
conclusions
Analyzing all the pros and cons, one can come to one conclusion - the more modern the ignition system, the more reliable and effective it is. But if you have a carburetor seven, then to install a microprocessor system you will need to upgrade the fuel supply. To do this, you need to install a pump, ramp, injectors, electronic control unit, as well as a bunch of sensors to ensure normal operation. But a simpler solution is simply to mount an electronic ignition on the VAZ 2107. And at a price not very much, and for the time costs too.
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