HealthDiseases and Conditions

Each symptom of thyroid disease depends on its cause

The thyroid gland is located in front of the neck. It covers the upper part of the trachea and the lower parts of the larynx. The thyroid gland consists of two lobes, which are connected by an isthmus. This body can be called the main part of the entire endocrine system, as it produces hormones involved in the regulation of the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins and fats. In addition, they contribute to the smooth functioning of the digestive, mental, cardiovascular and reproductive systems. Given the importance of these hormones, it can be argued that their lack or excess affects the life of a person - can lead to disruption of the functions of all its systems and organs. To begin diagnostics of diseases shchitovidki it is necessary with inspection at the endocrinologist. After all, every symptom of thyroid disease refers to a particular pathology, which can be caused by a lack or excess of hormones. Accordingly, the treatment is assigned differently.

An enlarged thyroid gland is called a goiter, which can be nodular or diffuse. In the first case, the part of the organ increases, and in the second case the whole organ. In addition, goitre can be toxic when the hormonal background is disrupted, and non-toxic when there is a normal hormonal background. Also, 4 degrees of thyroid gland enlargement are distinguished. The first - when the struma is outwardly not noticeable, n In the second - he barely palpates. The third degree - when he swims on the neck, and at the fourth - the goiter goes behind the breast bone and at the same time squeezes the throat.

What causes thyroid disease? The reasons can be different. This is the wrong way of life, and the wrong diet, taking into account the emotional components. One of the reasons for the development of goiter may be a shortage of iodine in the human body. It should be noted that today thyroid gland diseases develop not only in areas where acute iodine deficiency is noted, but also in areas near the sea, where there is no shortage of this element.

Is it possible to call the main symptom of thyroid disease? Most likely, no, since pathology can develop in two ways. With hyperthyroidism, there is an increased production of hormones (hyperfunction of the gland). In this case, a person accelerates metabolism, and then the main symptom of thyroid disease is rapid weight loss, but with increased appetite. In addition, the skin becomes wet, sweating and blood pressure increases. Periodically, there may be vomiting, nausea and loose stools. There is abundant and frequent urination. In women, the menstrual cycle is disrupted, and the menstrual cycle may be accompanied by severe pain in the lower abdomen. In men, the potency decreases. Patients become nervous, there is a rapid fatigue, trembling in the body and hands. Another pronounced symptom is the protrusion of the eyes, hyperpigmentation and swelling of the eyelids also appear.

With hypothyroidism, the thyroid gland does not produce enough hormones, which also disrupts the functioning of many human systems and organs due to delayed metabolism. In this case, the main symptom of thyroid disease is a sharp increase in body weight, provided a decreased appetite. The person quickly becomes tired, there is a constant drowsiness. There is forgetfulness, increased anxiety, lack of attention. The skin becomes dry, the nails and hair are brittle. On the face there are edemas, puffiness. Also limbs swell. The voice can become hoarse or hoarse. There may be pain in the joints and muscle cramps. And this type of thyroid disease in men is much less common. A persistent lack of hormones is observed in 19 women out of 1000, while out of 1000 men it will be found only in one.

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