Drilling of oil and gas wells

Our civilization has reached unprecedented heyday of science and technology, as a result of which we have a chance to enjoy all its benefits. However, this would be impossible without mining the most important - its energy resources. Drilling of oil and gas wells today is the most important work that is carried out on a global scale in order to replenish the resources spent on the development of new technologies.

Today, geological exploration has high demands on the accuracy of determining the location of oil and gas, as well as the calculation of their expected volume. This is primarily due to the relatively high cost of installing high-tech equipment, where direct drilling of oil and gas wells is quite expensive. After all, when carrying out this work, there is always a great risk that the calculations could turn out to be erroneous, as a result of which the industrial company of the investor may suffer significant losses.

There are several ways to implement drilling, but the most optimal and rational is the core drilling, which is also used in mineral exploration. It is also widely used in hydrogeological research, structural and mapping surveys and engineering and geological exploration of gas and oil fields. Thanks to drilling works, exploration mines and pits are also made, thanks to which soil from different horizons can be extracted from the bowels of the earth to determine its origin and the possibility of using it for practical purposes.

Drilling of oil and gas wells begins with the preparation of a suitable site, and also with the formation of convenient access roads. When installing a drilling station on the high seas, there is a special technology for constructing a floating station directly above the gas or oil field, after which it is installed in the right place with the help of special fasteners and begins to function. If the deposits are on a solid surface, then after the first stage and instillation of the vessels for the drilling fluid, they begin to directly assemble the oil or gas tower.

Schematic diagram of the drilling includes the following composite structures:

- directly the tower;

- a drilling building;

- drilling mechanism;

- machine;

- the pump;

- A powerful internal combustion engine.

The technology of drilling oil and gas wells is the following scheme of work: depending on the rock, the drill string, the spindle and the drill, set the appropriate rotation speed and a certain axial load. Rotating and gradually penetrating into the ground, the crown drills the annular face and forms a core, which in turn fills the core pipe. With the help of special washing liquids or technical water, it is subsequently washed out with a withdrawal to the surface. All drilling of oil and gas wells is a well-organized cycle of work, in which the systems clearly interact with each other.

It is difficult to overestimate the significance of the world oil and gas industry, since without the basic raw materials, the development of machine building, chemical industry and metallurgy would be simply impossible. With the gradual depletion of existing fields, drilling oil wells in new locations is a very pressing issue. One can be sure that in the coming decades we will witness the emergence of a new series of large drilling rigs that will continue to provide modern civilization with oil and gas.