Artem (Sergeyev Fedor Andreevich) - Russian revolutionary: biography

Fate has prepared this man so many tests that they would be enough for several. The ardent Bolshevik, the morally stable revolutionary, the working leader - Artem Sergeyev, for his political convictions, repeatedly went to the "tsarist" prison. But the gendarmes often found themselves unable to get on the trail of the enemy of tsarism: behind him was firmly entrenched the status of "elusive". Even when he went abroad, Lenin's supporter actively joined the struggle against exploitation, despotism and arbitrariness, which, according to the ideologists of communism, were implanted precisely by the bourgeois system. What did Artem Sergeev do for the revolutionary movement, how did his life end? Let's consider these issues in more detail.

Biographical information

Fyodor Andreevich Sergeev - native with. Glebovo (Milenkov region, Fatezh county), territorially located in the Kursk province. He was born on March 19, 1883 in the family of an ordinary builder-contractor. At the age of 9, the boy began to comprehend the basics of school science in a real school. He absorbed knowledge as a sponge, and therefore he succeeded in subjects, and in his spare time preferred to visit public places. In particular, the future revolutionary liked to spend his leisure time among workers who worked at one of the brick factories.

Even then, Artem Sergeev was perplexed as to why the domain owners and seasonal builders are working almost day and night on the slaves' position. And the boy learned about the sources of social inequality from people with "left" views. Dialogue with the Social Democrats largely determined his political convictions. After some time, the future fighter for justice will begin an active struggle against the tsarist regime in order to level everyone in rights. But before that he will go to the Moscow Imperial Technical School (now Bauman Moscow State Technical University), having chosen a mechanical faculty.

First arrest

Having studied a little time, the young man joins the ranks of the RSDLP (b). His party is organizing a student demonstration against the existing government. Of course, Artem Sergeev takes part in it directly. Naturally, such an act could not go unnoticed. A young man is expelled from the university, moreover, he is escorted to the Yauza police house. The Russian femida was not favorable to the rebels: six of them went to penal servitude, and the rest were identified "behind bars". The above-mentioned member of the RSDLP (b), Artem, was sent to Voronezh prison.

Trip abroad

After serving the deadline, the young revolutionary decided to continue his studies abroad, since he was already forbidden to be a student in his homeland. In 1902, Fyodor Andreevich Sergeev went to the French capital, where he entered the Russian Higher School of Social Sciences M. Kovalevsky. In parallel, he studies and analyzes Lenin's theory of state improvement, more and more convinced of its correctness.

Homecoming

After studying abroad, Artem Sergeev, whose biography contains a lot of interesting and noteworthy, travels back to Russia. In the spring of 1903, a young man on the territory of the Donbas unfolds active revolutionary activity. In one of the settlements of Ekaterinoslav province he organizes a large cell of the Social Democratic Party of regional significance, which will include about four hundred members. Soon, the Russian revolutionary together with his child will take part in the May Day strike. After a bit of time Sergeyev will start actively campaigning for the Soviet power of the railway workers, miners at the Berestovo-Bogodukhov mine, located not far from Yuzovka. It is in this social environment that he will be given the nickname - Comrade Artem.

Revolutionary insurgency in Kharkov

In early 1905 a young Leninist went to Kharkov. Here he creates a revolutionary structure called "Forward." In this city, I carefully prepared an armed uprising. And after a few months he almost realized it. It was planned that the action would begin at the Gelferikh-Sade factory on December 12, 1905. However, the gendarmerie knew about the mutiny. As a result, about 30 leaders of the conspiracy were taken into custody, and the whole territory of the enterprise was surrounded by policemen.

Second arrest

After a failed uprising Comrade Artem first goes to St. Petersburg, and then to the Urals. Soon he becomes a delegate to the IV Congress of the RSDLP, which is held in the Swedish capital. Subsequently, he will be appointed to Party work in the Perm Committee of the RSDLP (b). Again, Artem Sergeev falls into the clutches of the "tsarist secret police", which will hide him in prison. At the end of 1909, the revolutionary will be identified with a link to Eastern Siberia (Irkutsk province), which he must serve for life.

Once again abroad

Soon he will escape from penal servitude. First it will be in Japan, then in Korea, then in China and finally in Australia. Far from home, the exile had to work as a loader and as a laborer. However, he continued his revolutionary activities abroad. It is known that Sergeev became the head of the Union of Russian emigrant workers. He also created and edited the printed edition of the Australian Echo, thereby promoting communist ideas.

Again Russia

After the February events of 1917, Fyodor Andreevich returned to his homeland. After a while he already stands "at the helm" of the Bolshevik committee of the Kharkov Council. At the next congress of the party, Sergeyev is elected a member of the Central Committee. In October, he will take an active part in the overthrow of the old regime. After the revolutionary, he will begin work on establishing a new power in the territory of Ukraine. He approved the conclusion of the Brest Peace. After the end of the Civil War, he made every effort to restore the mines of Donbass.

In every way supporting the line of Lenin, Comrade Artem in the early 1920s began to criticize the policy of Leon Trotsky and supporters of the workers' opposition. Subsequently, he began to direct the Central Committee of the All-Russian Union of Miners. Sergeev was killed when testing the aerovagon, which for some unknown reason was derailed. Fyodor Andreevich Sergeev was buried in a mass grave on Red Square.

Personal life

The revolutionary was married to Elizabeth Lvovna. After her death, she alone remained with her son, who was barely four months old. Later in Nalchik she will head an anti-tuberculosis sanatorium, which will be her brainchild. She will also be entrusted with the most responsible posts in the country: the chairman of the regional branch, the head of the textile factory, the head of the medical management of hospitals. The son of Fyodor Andreevich - Artem - after some time will be given upbringing in the family of I. Stalin. He will rise to the rank of general, will participate in the Second World War, supporting the partisan movement with all his might .