Disease bacteria and their types

Bacteria are prokaryotic microorganisms of the cellular structure. Their sizes range from 0.1 to 30 μm.

Microbes are extremely common. They live in soil, air, water, in snows and even hot springs, on the body of animals, and also inside living organisms, including in the human body.

The main types of bacteria

The distribution of bacteria into species takes into account several criteria, among which the form of microorganisms and their spatial distribution are most often taken into account. So, in the form of cells, bacteria are divided into:

• coca - micro-, diplo-, strepto-, staphylococcus, and also sarcin;

• rod-shaped - monobacteria, diplobacteria and streptobacteria;

• crimped species - vibrios and spirochetes.

The classification of bacteria also includes the state of the bacterial wall:

1. Gram-positive bacteria with a thin cell wall - myxobacteria, photosynthesizing forms of microorganisms that release oxygen (cyanobacteria);

2. Gram-positive bacteria with a thick cell wall (clostridia and actinomycetes);

3. Gram-negative bacteria that do not have a cell wall (mycoplasma);

4. bacteria that have a defective cell wall - this group of microorganisms includes ancient forms that can form methane.

There is a special group of microorganisms - pathogenic bacteria, which still bear the name of pathogenic microbes. They parasitize on other organisms, cause various infectious diseases of humans, animals or plants

Consider the most common pathogens that affect a person.

• Vibrio Kocha - causes cholera. Infection with these microorganisms occurs through water, food, dirty hands and objects infected with vibrios. The source of the spread of the disease are patients and carriers in which cholera does not develop, but which spread pathogenic microbes among other people;

• the bacillus Sonne and Flexner - determines the development of dysentery, distributed among the population in the same ways as the previous microorganism;

• Koch's bacillus is the causative agent of tuberculosis. Sent to other people from patients through the air and drops released from the respiratory system when people are infected;

• bacillus clostridium tetanus - causes a serious disease - tetanus. Infection occurs when it comes in contact with clostridium contaminated soil, as well as in the transmission of pathogenic microorganisms from a sick animal or human;

• Yersinia pestis - causative agent of plague, determines not only the bubonic form of the disease, but also severe lung damage;

• mycobacterium leprosy - determines the development of leprosy, which in people still has the name of leprosy and is characterized by damage to the skin and mucous membranes, peripheral nervous system;

• Corynebacteria diphtheria - microorganisms that cause diphtheria - a severe pathology that is characterized by damage to the mucous membranes of the oropharynx with the formation of fibrous films, intoxication, damage to the heart, nervous system and kidneys;

• pale treponema - is the causative agent of syphilis, which is a venereal pathology and causes damage to the skin, mucous membranes, internal organs, bones, and the nervous system;

• helikobakter pylori - a microorganism that causes the development of peptic ulcer.

Disease-causing bacteria can cause many other serious illnesses with damage to various organs that require appropriate treatment. C

Disease-causing bacteria can cause a systemic inflammatory response of the body, severe pneumonia, meningitis and even sepsis with the development of a shock state, which leads to death, therefore it is important to prevent the entry of pathogenic flora into the body. For this purpose, various methods of antiseptic and disinfection are used.