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Are we speaking correctly: kilograms or kilograms?

A great and mighty Russian language ... How many rules, exceptions from these rules and cases of variance? Perhaps no accurate dictionary will be given by any dictionary: explanatory, word-formative, morphemic, spelling, etc. Even if we derive such statistics from the scientific works of Rosenthal, respected by all linguists, exact figures will not be obtained. But, repeating the rules of the school program, you can resolve almost any doubt in pronunciation or writing.

So, one of the questions of the test for graduates of secondary schools when passing the exam on the Russian language: how correctly - kilograms or kilograms?

Discussion on this subject can be identified in several directions, the dispute in which will be the ending of the genitive case.

Based on the school curriculum, we draw the main conclusions.

Formal indicators of the word kilogram

There are only two of them:

  • male;
  • Ends with a consonant.

These parameters are sufficient to assign this word to the 2 declension. In 2 declensions in the plural, masculine nouns ending in a consonant have an ending: -o. For example, enemies, backpacks, tomatoes, parachutes, etc.

The rule does not allow options: kilograms or kilograms. Only one option is correct: kilograms.

In fact, most reliable source-dictionaries will say in the relevant articles about the admissibility of the two options (zero ending and ending-s), but we will begin to interpret these options right now.

Kilograms or kilograms: from what it can depend?

What is the word kilograms used in the context of:

  • With numerals;
  • With a noun in the genitive singular or plural;
  • With a noun having the ending -ov (or another) in the genitive plural;
  • Is used either in spoken or written language.

Differences in oral and written speech of the Russian language

The main differences between these concepts are known to all schoolchildren:

  • Mode of transmission - sounds, letters;
  • Existence - situational and permanent;
  • Accompaniment - facial expressions and gestures;
  • Graphics and so on.

Of course, within these boundaries, we can hear, for example, about the difference between sounds and letters. So, the word "Christmas tree" has four letters, and there are five sounds. And there will be a lot of debaters-contemporaries, who will begin to assert that one can hear a real sound e. But this is not the subject of our conversation. Variability of kilograms or kilograms does not exist.

It is possible to debate on the following issue: is it possible in oral speech (regardless of the forms of other words in combination) the ending -ov.

Already in the textbook Graudina "Grammatical correctness of Russian speech" edition of 1974 it was said that all special and technical units of measurement strengthened the form of the zero graduation, not only in oral, but also in written speech. After all, we really do not meet the writing of "watts" or "ampers" anywhere, so in oral and written speech these words have zero endings in the plural of the genitive case.

So, we make the first conclusion: there is no difference between oral and written speech in this case. What is recognized as the norm, equally applies to both types of speech.

Zero ending or ending -ov - depending on the combination of words

Dictionaries allow both versions of the endings of the word in the genitive case in the plural. At the same time, in no article is there a special note: "razg.", "Nauch." And so on. Consequently, this variability has nothing to do with the styles of speech .

Let's try to deduce a rule, which should be used for the correct use of the end options.

  • Kilogram, plural, the genitive is the ending of -os. For example, five kilograms of an orange, one hundred kilograms of fish, etc .;
  • In the word-combinations with nouns in the plural of the genitive case with ending in -y, the plural is allowed - kilogram. For example, five kilograms of bananas; Or two hundred kilograms of tomatoes.

It turns out that the ending in this case does not depend on the form of speech in Russian - oral or written, but depends on the form of the noun used with it. Thus, the forms of the zero ending and the ending -o become equal for us (without the litter in the dictionaries "preferably").

Moreover, the use of both forms in Russian is not considered an error. Only here in the tests on the USE it is still worth looking at the form of all the words in the phrase to answer academically absolutely accurately.

Attention!

Not only the word kilogram - the genitive case in the plural - has the ending -ov:

  • Grams - grams;
  • Carat - carats;
  • X-ray - X-rays;
  • Microns - microns.

Declination scheme: kilogram, plural

Them. Etc., are kilograms.

The genus. P. - kilograms (kilograms).

Dates. Etc. - to kilograms.

Vin. Etc., are kilograms.

TV. P. - kilograms.

The item is about kilograms.

This scheme should be guided in both oral and written language.

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