Animals and plants of the Red Data Book of Russia: under threat of extinction

Mankind has long thought about the need to preserve nature. The first step towards caring for her was the signing of an international document on the protection of birds in the early 20th century in Paris. After the event, the Union for Nature Protection became operational. In the middle of the century the first International Red Book was published.

The Red Book of Russia

In the Russian Federation, the Red Book is not just a list of endangered species. It is a document with data on plants and animals that need protection. Taxa - groups in the classification - have their own category of rarity. Animals and plants of the Red Data Book of Russia receive one of six codes of extinction: recoverable and recoverable (code 5 in the Red Data Book), indefinite by status (code 4), rare (code 3), declining in numbers (code 2), endangered (Code 1), probably missing (code 0).

Probably extinct animals and plants

Every day hundreds of representatives of fauna and flora perish on the planet, many of them - through human fault. Animals and plants of the Red Data Book of Russia - a list of not only rare taxa, but also those that completely disappeared from the face of the country.

The Caucasian bison, first mentioned in the 17th century, began to sharply reduce its population in the early 20th century, during the wars. To save sight from extinction it was not possible - by the time of creation of the Caucasian reserve there were about ten of them. A similar history of disappearance occurred with the Tarpan, the ancestor of Przewalski's horse. This species inhabited the Russian forest-steppe, where, with the development of livestock in the early 20th century, livestock was infringed.

In Russia, probably 69 species of animals and 76 plant species are considered to have disappeared. These are the animals and plants of the Red Book of Russia, photos and pictures of which remain the only reminder of their existence.

Unusual beauty and possession of medicinal properties contributed to the destruction of people lily curly. The cattail Volga, which grew only in the Volga region, disappeared from the face of the planet because of construction work.

Disappearing plants and animals

Factors leading to the disappearance of various species of plants and animals are mainly related to human activities. This is fishing and poaching, violation or destruction of places of distribution of plants and animals, pollution of territories, competition with livestock, human intervention in natural food chains.

Animals and plants of the Red Book of Russia, whose names are familiar to many, are endangered. The Amur tiger, the walrus and the polar bear are the famous "red books". The limiting factor in their numbers is poaching. A flower growing only on the territory of Russia is a dolomite bell. Due to growth in the areas of development of the tourism industry - in the Caucasus - the flower has become a vanishing species.

Some animals and plants of the Red Book of Russia are found in the conservation lists of other countries. The alpinosphere, the largest seabird of Russia, is protected by two countries - Russia and Japan. The species began to disappear due to poaching (highly valued down albatross), due to volcanic activity in the nesting areas (Kuril Islands). A snow leopard is protected by a number of states, mainly Russia and China. The number of irbis is rapidly decreasing due to poaching.

They were saved

Red books allow you to actively work in the direction of conservation of rare taxa. For the restoration of populations, nurseries, reserves, gene banks are being created. Such animals and plants of the Red Data Book of Russia as beavers, Far Eastern walruses, northern sea otters, gray whales, nut-bearing lotuses are preserved. Fruitful is the work to restore the number of polar bears and reindeer.