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Angina in a child 2 years. What to do with angina? Signs of angina in a child
Angina is an acute infectious disease associated with inflammation of the tonsils. The causative agents of angina are various microorganisms, such as streptococci, pneumococci, staphylococcus and others. Favorable conditions for their successful reproduction, which provokes inflammation, include hypothermia of the child, various viral infections, malnutrition or poor nutrition, and overwork. What is an angina in a child 2 years old? What are its symptoms, and what to do with angina to parents? The answers to these and other questions can be found below.
Why does the child suffer from sore throat?
According to available statistics, angina is the most common disease among children in the autumn-winter season. The most susceptible to the disease are those children who do not eat well, eat not very useful food. If a child rarely leaves for fresh air in the village and is deprived of active games and training, one must understand that any hypothermia for his immune system is a strong stress. It is enough to take one sip of a cold drink or one time to supercool the legs in winter, and the multiplication of pathogens in the lacunae of the tonsils is inevitable.
List of all factors that influence the development of the disease:
Weakened immunity;
- poor, unsustainable nutrition;
- transferred viral infections;
- close contact with a sick person.
In view of all of the above, you need to constantly work on improving the immunity of the child: take it to fresh air, temper it, possibly give for the prevention of some drugs, in case the attending pediatrician confirms the expediency of their admission.
If the child is ill, do not despair. The main thing is to do everything correctly and in a timely manner. Often parents can confuse angina with flu or a common cold, which can cause a belated address to a doctor. Let's try to learn to understand the difference and be able to distinguish symptoms of angina from other diseases. How to understand that this is exactly the viral sore throat in a child? What are its signs?
Main symptoms and signs of sore throat
- catarrhal angina;
- lacunar angina;
- Follicular sore throat;
- ulcerative-pleural tonsillitis.
In addition, angina in a 2-year-old child may be primary (general intoxication and destruction of the tissues of the pharyngeal ring) and secondary (against the background of other infectious diseases). There is also a specific form of the disease, when there are fungal lesions.
By the causative agent, angina is classified into:
- bacterial, purulent;
- fungal;
- Diphtheria;
- Viral.
What are the main signs of angina in a child? The main symptom of the disease is pain when swallowing, a significant increase in body temperature (38-40 degrees Celsius), general weakness, headache, possibly the appearance of diarrhea or vomiting (with severe intoxication). In this case, the baby becomes very moody. These are the symptoms that parents see. Signs of sore throat in the child, which the doctor discovers - enlarged loose tonsils of bright red color. On the mucous membrane appears visible to the naked eye, easily removed with a cotton swab. Among other symptoms - an increase in lymph nodes on the neck and under the jaw, their soreness.
Even if the parents are sure that their baby has angina, you still need to visit a doctor who diagnoses the type of the disease and prescribes treatment. Unfortunately, without the help of a doctor it is almost impossible to determine the degree of the disease and its variety. For viral, fungal and bacterial angina, most likely, will be assigned a different treatment. This affects the overall condition of the child and the tests in which doctors are better at understanding. We recommend to do without self-treatment!
Do I need to be hospitalized?
- The presence of concomitant serious diseases - diabetes, kidney failure and others.
- Complications of sore throat (eg, abscesses).
- Severe intoxication - a violation of breathing, vomiting, convulsions, confusion of the creation, a temperature that can not be brought down.
Despite the fact that treatment in the hospital is more effective, many doctors advise to be treated at home in order to avoid the adherence of some additional infection.
Catarrhal angina. Symptoms in children. Treatment
When a child has catarrhalic angina, the temperature does not rise too much, but the baby becomes listless, complains of pain while swallowing and mild nausea. In catarrhal tonsillitis the inflammatory process is not very intensive, so the use of antibiotics is not always appropriate here. Often, antibiotic treatment is replaced with a local spray for the throat. Previous generations treated such a sore throat by rinsing the throat with herbs. The main condition for children with catarrhalic angina is adherence to bed rest, copious drinking, gargling. Treatment until complete recovery lasts about a week.
First of all, the temperature is understood. With angina in children, it can reach 40 degrees. The follicular and lacunar forms are very complex, accompanied by convulsions and fever. With the follicular form, the tonsils are covered with pustules, with lacunar - light yellow coating on the so-called "gaps" between the tonsils. Both forms are treated equally: an antibiotic is selected. This task lies entirely with the doctor: what antibiotic for angina children should be prescribed most optimally. To do this, it is necessary to pass a smear to bacteriological culture to determine the sensitivity of pathogens to a particular drug. Typically, such a sore throat in a child 2 years old is treated in a hospital.
How does bacterial angina differ from viral?
Viral tonsillitis (the scientific name of angina) is distinguished by the absence of a purulent plaque in the throat, which simply swells and turns red. Symptoms of viral sore throat resemble the most common viral disease: a cough, a runny nose, a fever, a sore throat and a throat. A child with a bacterial sore throat feels only local manifestations of angina and intoxication. With herpetic tonsillitis, tonsils appear on the tonsils, which later turn into sores.
How is the treatment?
As the well-known pediatrician Evgeny Komarovsky says: "Angina in children is a disease that starts suddenly and is very acute." In his opinion, the only way out is a timely and clear course of treatment.
To the disease is not delayed, it is necessary to strictly follow the recommendations of the treating pediatrician. A child with angina most often needs drinking, antibiotics, antipyretic drugs, antihistamines (antiallergic) drugs. You should also gargle, take vitamins.
It is important to remember that the throat with angina can be treated only by rinsing and local medications. Do not use compresses, inhalations and warming ointments on the neck!
A very important aspect of treating sore throats is a gargling. However, it is very difficult for children of two years to explain how exactly this procedure should be carried out. Therefore, special sprays and aerosols are often used. Antibacterial agents, and also broths from a sage, calendula, a camomile are written out. These herbs have proven to be very effective in treating the throat, especially with purulent sore throat.
It should be noted that a small child can hold his breath when spraying, which can provoke a lagging spasm. Breastfeeds, as a rule, are treated with a medicine with a pacifier or they direct the stream towards the cheek. Powdered tablets are also not very suitable for children under 2 years old, because they either chew them or spit out them. In this case, the throat with angina is better treated with the help of alternative means.
Many drugs can cause an allergic reaction, so taking them is accompanied by taking antihistamine drops.
Confusing temperature
The temperature in angina in children is not always easy. If the child has a high fever, the antipyretic agent is appropriate only when the mark on the thermometer has already exceeded 38 degrees Celsius. The thing is that the active production of antibodies against pathogens occurs precisely during a fever, because the body itself is trying to fight them.
Even if the child feels normal at 39 , pediatricians recommend that they wait and do not shoot down. If the high temperature of the body is not eliminated with the help of drugs, folk "grandmother's" methods can be used, for example, by wiping with a damp towel. Sweating and reducing the temperature is facilitated by a plentiful drink of compotes made of currants, raspberries or cherries.
General recommendations for taking antibiotics
Most doctors prefer penicillins, since their high effectiveness in infections has been proven. Such drugs are fairly easily tolerated by children. The course of treatment with any antibiotic, as a rule, is 7 days (but not more than 10).
Often doctors prescribe antibiotics topically, in the form of a spray. Antibacterial drugs are prescribed for bacterial sore throat (for example, "Biseptol").
Possible complications
If treatment of angina is inadequate or belated, and the immunity of the child can not cope with the disease, the disease can cause rheumatism, glomerulonephritis, rheumatic carditis and other ailments. To exclude such an opportunity, you should choose only competent doctors who will follow the course of the disease very carefully and competently. After recovery, it is necessary to pass all the general tests, refuse vaccinations, adjust the diet, breathe more fresh air. If after the illness the child complains of swelling, shortness of breath, chest pain or joint pain, you need to see a doctor urgently! Note that tonsillitis can also be chronic. In this case, you need to contact an otolaryngologist who will talk about the prevention of exacerbations of the disease in more detail, depending on the specific case.
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