Classes in the development of speech in the middle group. Analysis of the speech development class

Classes for the development of speech in the middle group are conducted in order to form the correct speech skills in the child in accordance with the age category. From the correct pronunciation and ability to express their own thoughts depends the success of the adaptation of the child among peers, as well as further education in primary school. It is the level of development of language skills that shows the level of mental and intellectual development in a particular child.

What are the lessons for the development of children's speech?

Lesson on the development of speech with secondary preschoolers is conducted only in a game form. This is due to the psychological characteristics of children of this age, as they think in terms. They have not yet developed assiduity and attention. Children of average preschool age are too emotional, therefore easily get tired. Gaming sessions should correspond to age. The success of learning depends on how much the child gets into the game process, how much the event will become his own. During the game, the kid uses all the basic mental processes. He hears, acts, sees, interacts with the outside world through a variety of gaming techniques. In the classroom the child listens to the teacher's explanations, answers the questions posed, learns to listen to the answers of other children. During the game, the kids do not notice that they are also learning.

Problems of speech development of preschool children of middle age

1. Situational speech - inability to build complex and complex sentences. In such children, speech turns are formed, as a rule, from sentences, which consist of two or three words.

2. A small vocabulary.

3. Speech, in which there is slang and non-literary expressions.

4. Poor diction.

5. Logopedic speech disorders.

6. Inability to construct a dialogical speech, correctly ask a question, give a short or detailed answer, based on the situation.

7. Inability to build a monologic speech: retell the plot of a story close to the text or in your own words, compose a story-description on a specific topic.

8. Inability to use in their conclusions a rationale.

9. The culture of speech is not formed: the child can not choose the intonation, the rate of speech, the loudness of the voice and other parameters in a specific speech situation.

How to develop a coherent speech among preschoolers?

What are the lessons for developing coherent speech? By coherent speech means the ability to accurately, figuratively, logically and consistently expound any information. Speech must be constructed grammatically correctly. Tied speech includes:

- Dialog. Assumes knowledge of the language, provides lively communication between children. Dialogue can be constructed in the form of separate replicas, conversations between participants, statements of the kind "question-answer". Classes in the development of speech in the middle group suggest the formation of skills of dialogue speech: the child learns briefly and in a capacious manner to answer the questions posed, enter into a discussion with the educator and peers. In the classroom, the formation of communication skills continues: the children are taught to listen to the interlocutor, not to interrupt the speaker, not to be distracted, to include in the speech synonymous forms of etiquette.

- The monologue. It is a coherent speech of one person, the skill is formed by five years. The complexity of this speech lies in the fact that the child in the middle preschool age is not yet able to program his own utterance, to express the idea logically, consistently and continuously. Classes in the development of speech in the middle group involve teaching three kinds of monological speech: reasoning, narration and description. In this case, the children learn to describe the subject and retell small texts.

Speech with movements in the middle group

Speech with movements (middle group) allows you to coordinate the movements of the hands and feet with pronounced phrases. At many children of average preschool age of movement inexact and not co-ordinated. Lessons in the development of fine motor skills can raise the level of speech development, gradually learn to coordinate movements with speech.

Japanese physician Namikoshi Tokujiro created a special healing technique for impact on the hands. According to his teaching, there are a large number of receptors on the fingers that send impulses to the central nervous system. Acupuncture points are located on the hands . Massaging them, you can affect the condition of internal organs. It was this teaching that formed the basis for the development of speech with the use of movements. Specialists have revealed that the accuracy and level of development of speech depends on the accuracy of movements of small muscles of the hands. M. Montessori in his book "Help me do it myself" stresses: "If the development of finger movements corresponds to the age norm, then the development of speech is also within the norm. If the development of the motor skills of the fingers is behind, then speech is behind. " Such exercises for the development of speech in the middle group include:

- finger games (using tongue twisters, poems, fizminutok, finger exercises);

- work with the groats (scanning of cereals of different sizes, drawings on the croup);

- applications (mosaic, torn, from sticks);

- Beadwork;

- lacing;

- work with paper;

- flowers made of woolen threads;

- Patterns of eggshells;

- hatching;

- Draw a contour around the contour;

- graphic dictations ;

- tasks like "finished drawing";

- molding using natural material;

- Graphic exercises;

- Drawing on stencils;

- work with water (pipetting);

- construction of a well of matches;

- work with a punch;

- didactic games and exercises with the use of natural, economic and household materials.

Speech correction classes

How is the development of speech (medium group)? Classes are aimed at expanding the vocabulary, diction, the formation of the ability to correctly use intonation and detailed answers, build evidence, form a dialogue. For the development and correction of speech in the middle group use a set of exercises:

- Talking on the picture - it implies a story on the plot of the illustration. This task allows you to select words that are close in meaning (synonyms), remember the meaning of words. Special prints are available for classes, in which there are tests and various exercises aimed at developing these skills.

- Tongues, tongue-twisters, proverbs and sayings not only expand the vocabulary of children of middle preschool age, but also help to coordinate the speech apparatus. Such exercises allow you to correct speech defects, when the child during the conversation swallows the end of words or, conversely, stretches the words during a conversation.

- Games like "What does this mean?" Or "Why do they say that?" Allow you to select words that are close in meaning when explaining a particular concept. For this it is recommended to use phraseological units, proverbs and sayings.

- The game "Journalist" allows children to develop skills of dialogue speech. The child learns to write questions for the "interview", consistently and clearly state their thoughts.

How to analyze the speech development exercise?

The analysis of the speech development class is necessary not only for reporting, but also to understand which teaching methods are the most successful and are suitable for increasing the level of speech development in this group. In the process of analysis, the educator can check how much time it took to assimilate the new material, which of the children did not learn the material or did it at a low level. In the process of analysis, it is necessary to pay attention to the following points:

- how much motivated each participant to learn;

- how correctly each one carried out the instructions of the teacher;

- What moments failed;

- what methods and techniques were involved, which of them turned out to be inappropriate;

- whether the material was available;

- What is the general emotional climate of the occupation?

- on what points you need to pay attention to the next lesson;

- what skills and abilities need correction;

- which of the children should be given special attention.

In what cases is the development of speech of children of the middle group (4-5 years) not in accordance with the norm? When you need a speech therapist and neurologist?

Consultation of the speech therapist and neurologist in emergency order is necessary in case if:

- the child has a small vocabulary or is completely absent speech to 4 years;

- speech is obscure, based on a large number of gestures;

- the child stutters, stumbles or has other obvious speech problems;

- there were in the past traumas of the head, nasopharynx or oral cavity, which led to speech disturbance or silence.

Timely appeal to specialists will help to correct speech disturbances, otherwise the child will not be able to speak correctly, he will be doomed to study at a specialized school for children with speech defects. Independently such violations do not pass.