Aneurysm of cerebral vessels

Aneurysm of the cerebral vessels is a pathological condition characterized by a structural violation of the vessels with the expansion on their walls of expansion in the form of a sac. As a rule, the cause of the disease is a structural congenital disorder or anomaly. Rarely, its occurrence is due to trauma or atherosclerosis.

In this case, violations can be located in different parts of the cerebral vasculature. However, as a rule, they are at its base in the sphere of the Willis circle.

Depending on the type of development, arteriovenous and arterial disorders are distinguished.

Arteriovenous aneurysm of cerebral vessels is presented in the form of a bundle of dilated venous vessels. This type of disorder is caused by the establishment of a direct communication of blood between an artery and a vein of the organ. It is known that blood pressure is much higher than the venous pressure. Direct communication between these vessels leads to the discharge of blood from the artery into the vein, bypassing the brain tissue. In this case, the ejection is accompanied by high pressure. This causes the expansion of the venous walls. An aneurysm of cerebral vessels is formed. Symptoms of enlargement include severe pain, movement and sensitivity disorders, epileptic seizures. As a result of increasing pressure within the expansion and thinning of the walls, the resulting saccular expansion breaks. This, in turn, causes intracranial bleeding, which often ends in death.

Arterial aneurysm of cerebral vessels arises in the arteries and can be single or multiple, insignificant and very large. Depending on the type of leak, the disturbance is accompanied by various manifestations. The asymptomatic abnormality can be detected by chance. Unexploded aneurysm is manifested by sensations of compression of the cranial nerves and brain, chronic headache. In addition, the disease is accompanied by a violation of the sense of smell and vision, epileptic seizures, a violation of the sensitivity of the skin and facial expressions.

The expansion gap leads to internal bleeding. Aneurysm rupture accompanied by bleeding can be repeated. At the same time, it should be noted that in the first case, the death rate occurs in ten to thirty percent, and with a repeated rupture, the death rate exceeds seventy percent.

Carrying out of diagnostic actions is expedient at presence of data on an intracranial bleeding (its or his episode). In other cases, it is not possible to establish an accurate diagnosis of aneurysm on the basis of symptoms. Specification of the diagnosis is made using angiography. Diagnosis of the blood vessels of the brain can reveal the presence of an extension, its size and location. Other (additional) activities are computer (CT) and magnetic resonance (MRI) tomography.

Aneurysm of cerebral vessels. Treatment.

Confirmation of the diagnosis of enlargement formation is a direct indication to the appointment of treatment in the form of surgical intervention. In some cases, the operation is not prescribed until the aneurysm reaches the life-threatening size of the patient. The operation can be carried out in various ways. In some cases, the expansion is pinched by a special clip and is cut off, therefore, from the vessel on which it is formed. This eliminates the risk of rupture and bleeding. In another case, the affected area is removed and replaced by a prosthesis or by the installation of a special skeleton for it (stent).