Akhmadulina Bella: poetry and biography

Akhmadulina Bella (full name Isabella Akhatulina Akhmadulina), the largest lyric poet of the Soviet and post-Soviet period, was born in Moscow on April 10, 1937 in an intelligent family. The father, Akhmadulin Akhat Valeevich, was deputy minister, and her mother, Nadezhda Makarovna Ahmadulina, worked as an interpreter. The girl grew in a creative atmosphere, there were often famous writers and poets in the house, and little Bella listened with adult interest to adult talk about art, theatrical premieres, new books, everything that Moscow lived in the fifties of the last century.

Future poetess

The poetic gift of Bella Akhmadulina manifested itself in her childhood, she easily rhymed everything that came to her mind, and at the age of 12 the girl began to write her poems in a notebook. When she was 15 years old, the poet's poetry was read by the famous literary critic D. Bykov. In his figurative expression, Bella "groped for her style of poem".

After graduation from the school, Bella Akhmadulina, whose biography then opened her home page, applied for the faculty of journalism, but the exam failed. In response to a question about the content of the editorial of the last issue of Komsomolskaya Pravda, Bella shrugged her shoulders and said that she did not read the newspaper.

Ranks of Ahmadulina

The life of Bella Akhmadulina was filled with Russian poetry to the brim, she published many collections that the entire country read, was a member of the Writers' Union of Russia, participated in the work of the Russian PEN Center, chaired by Andrey Bitov, in which Akhmadulina was vice-president together with Andrei Ascension. Also, the poetess was a member of the public committee at the Museum of AS. Pushkin on Prechistenka. She was an Honorary Member of the American Academy of Literature and Art. He is a laureate of the State Prize of the Russian Federation, as well as the State Prize of the Soviet Union.

Poetess and censors

Acknowledged poetess Akhmadulina Bella became even before the end of the Literary Institute (she received the diploma in 1960). At the age of 18, Bella actively participated in the protest movement for justice, she, like many Soviet writers and poets, was not satisfied with the strict censorship of the Press Committee. In 1957, Akhmadulina was criticized in the "Komsomolskaya Pravda", to which she responded with new verses. Confrontation with literary officials, party structures and the rectorate of the institute, in which Bella studied, began. And when she publicly refused to participate in the persecution of Boris Pasternak, she was expelled from the Literary Institute (the formal reason was not passed the credit for Marxism-Leninism). However, soon Akhmadulina was reinstated, as the incident threatened to reach the international level.

Treasure of Russian poetry

A year before the graduation from the institute, in 1959, the poet wrote her first worldwide fame, the poem "In my street that year ...". After the first success of Ahmadulina Bella continued to work as usual, creating real masterpieces. The poetess adhered to the old-fashioned style in her poems, although the themes were revealed by the most modern ones. Bella Akhmadulina's verses are bright, catchy, piercing, as Joseph Brodsky said, Bella is "the treasure of Russian poetry."

Akhmadulina did not recognize the word "poetess", demanded that she be called a "poet". When the "poet" Bella Akhmadulina visited Georgia, in 1970, she fell in love with this country, leaving, she left part of her soul in Tbilisi. Later, already being a well-known interpreter, translated into Russian works of Irakli Abashidze, Galaktion Tabidze, a 19th-century romantic poet Nikolai Baratashvili.

The poet wrote in prose, her pen belongs to a cycle of essays on contemporary poets, as well as Pushkin and Lermontov. Creativity of Bella Akhmadulina was reflected in the bestseller "Autograph of the Century", 2006, in it a whole chapter is devoted to it. And abroad the poetess devoted volumes of literary studies.

Akhmadulina's style

Bella Akhmadulina's verses abound with metaphors that, like a diamond placer, adorn and ennoble the lines. The poet's most common narrative translates into a bizarre interweaving of allegories, and the phrases acquire a touch of archaic, and simple word combinations become pearls of elegant stylistics. This is Bella Akhmadulina, a poet.

Bella was in the circle of the "sixties", she revolved among the most famous poets of that time: Evgeni Evtushenko, Robert Rozhdestvensky, Andrei Voznesensky. Their performances at the Moscow University, Polytechnic Museum, Luzhniki collected huge audiences. At that time people were not just open to new impressions, they were "flung open" for a fresh wind of change, they expected changes for the better, they hoped. Therefore poems and, not least, Bella Akhmadulina became a hidden criticism of the totalitarian system.

Public performance

Bella Akhmadulina, biography Which raised questions among party leaders, was the first Soviet poetess to talk about simple things with a high poetic style. Her performances on stage became an improvisation of the master. An inexpressible manner of reading, trusting intonation, artistry Bella acted on the audience fascinating. There was a ringing silence in the hall, and only the soulful voice of the poetess read poetry written in a high "calm", which, nevertheless, everyone understood. The tension was half-unconscious, later Bella said: "... like walking on the edge of a rope ..."

Selection

Bella instinctively withdrew from the ordinary, fled from the present, sought solitude in her work. The first collection of the poetess, under the name "Struna", was published in 1962. In the book, Akhmadulina's desire to find herself in Russian poetry is seen. It is tense, there are many roads, but I want to find the only true one, my way. And Bella found him, it was in the mid-60s that she ceased to be a "knight at the crossroads", and then that high poetic style, style and music of verse that distinguished all the work of Bella Akhmadulina was formed.

Sublime lyrics, accuracy of metaphor, freedom in constructing verse - all this became "Akhmadulina's poetry". In her work there is an interesting feature: the poet communicates with the soul of the object. Rain, trees in the garden, a candle on the table, someone's portrait - everything has emotional signs in the poetry of Bella Akhmadulina. One feels its desire to give a name to the subject and enter into dialogue with it.

The past and the present in the work of Akhmadulina

Bella Akhmadulina's poems, as it were, play the game over time, the poet tries to subjugate space to her, goes away in thought in the nineteenth century, the era of chivalry and nobility, aristocracy and generosity. There, in the past, Bella finds her place, lives her lost values and is eager to bring them back to her present day. An example of this is "The Adventure in an Antique Store", "The Summer Romance", "My Pedigree".

All her life Bella Akhmadulina followed the principle of "friendliness", it was important for her to "give thanks", sing the very smallness, for there is no such smallness - everything is great. Therefore, Bella Akhmadulina spoke of love as if she were heard by her lover, but in fact she addressed the passer-by, the reader or the most ordinary person. Her lyrics are permeated with participation, compassion and love for unhappy people, wretched, and gray creatures in human form.

The poet Akhmadulina experienced the influence of criticism in two areas: the official one, which accused her of the mannerisms and trickery, and the critics of the liberal, who allowed "art" in the poem. Both those and other well-wishers were the product of the system, and Bella ignored them. At the same time, the poetess never wrote poetry on topics of social significance and social connotations. Her lyrics were lyrical and in no way different, although the lyric could be made to a weaver or milkmaid. And I would have done, if not for the socialist competition between them, on which the party organs insisted.

Personal life

Belle Akhmadulina was rumored to be a fatal woman. And indeed, everyone fell in love with her, who communicated with her for at least five minutes. Men felt her inaccessibility, and this only fueled the passion. Bella's first legal husband was Yevgeny Yevtushenko, with whom she studied at the Literary Institute. Family life of the two poets took place in quarrels and reconciliations, walks around Moscow and giving each other poems. Yevtushenko and Akhmadulina lived together for three years.

Yuri Nagibin, the writer , became the second husband of the poetess. Nagibin's love was such that during Bella's performance on the stage he could not sit, stood up against the wall and held himself, so as not to fall from inexplicable weakness in his legs. At that time, Bella was at the peak of her extravagance. "An angel, a beauty, a goddess," Rimma Kazakova said of her friend Akhmadulina. Marriage with Nagibin lasted eight years. Farewell was painful, Bella even wrote poetry about it.

Akhmadulina also had novels, she met with Vasily Shukshin, even starred in his film "A Guy Lives" by playing a journalist. For some time she lived with Eldar Kuliev, the son of the famous writer Kaisyn Kuliev. The marriage was civil, but nevertheless the couple had a daughter, Lisa, in 1973.

Then, in 1974, Bella met Boris Messerer, a theater artist who became her third and last husband, with whom the poet lived more than thirty-five years. Somehow it so happened that the practical Boris Messerer undertook the affairs of the scattered wife. He put in order her poems written on anything, including on napkins. Bella was grateful to her husband for that. Life and work of Bella Akhmadulina were under reliable protection. The spouse of the poetess guarded the treasure of her own, and of the entire Russian land.

The death of Akhmadulina

In October 2010, Akhmadulina Bella felt ill, cancer was aggravated. The poet was hospitalized in the Botkin Hospital, where she was operated. There was an improvement, and Ahmadulina was discharged home. However, four days later she died.

The funeral took place in the Church of Saints Cosmas and Damian, in the presence of relatives and friends. Then, in the Central House of Writers with a poetess, all those whom she called "my honorable readers" during her lifetime took leave of her, and this is many thousands of people. Bella Akhmadulina was buried at Novodevichye Cemetery.