Literary Institutes of Russia

Purely literary institutions in our country are in the number of one and only. As, however, and throughout the globe. There are many pedagogical institutes where they teach Russian language and literature in the process of preparing teachers of schools. Many and universities, where there is a faculty of journalism. But a writer and a journalist are two very different "birds". Writers study only in one university in the country, and this is the Gorky Literary Institute.

Predecessor

This institute existed not long and for a long time. The so-called Bryusovsky Institute is a specialized university that opened in Moscow in 1921 on the initiative of V. Ya. Bryusov. Poets, writers, novelists, critics, playwrights and translators prepared there. Everything, as in Gorky, only the study lasted not five, but three years.

The Higher Literary and Art Institute named after V.Ya. Bryusova absorbed the studio of Lito Narcompros, also organized by Valery Yakovlevich, the literary courses of the Palace of Arts and most of the State Institute of Words. One year later, the Professional and Technical School of Poetics came in, where almost all the teachers of the VLHI, including Bryusov himself, worked. In 1924, the institute finally received his name - in connection with the widely celebrated anniversary of the poet.

In January 1925, the Moscow Housing Commission decided to transfer a number of higher educational institutions to Leningrad due to unbearable tightness. The VLHI could not move, because all forty teachers, except two, sabotaged the change of residence. Thus, the institute was liquidated. Students graduated from other universities. Literary Institute named after Gorky was already created taking into account the sad experience of his predecessor. And, I must admit, the mistakes did not happen again.

IZHLT

The Institute of Journalism and Literary Creativity can in no way be called a literary institution. This educational institution is not a state institution, although it has state accreditation and a license, and graduates receive state-recognized diplomas. The Institute of Journalism and Literary Creativity has only one direction of education: journalism. There are also preparatory courses there. There is no budgetary basis for training. Students choose correspondence, full-time and full-time education.

The Gorky Literary Institute

This university has always belonged entirely to the Ministry of Culture, since 1992 is in charge of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation. There are two faculties: correspondence and full-time. In-person students master a five-year specialty program: "Literary Creativity" and "Translation of Fiction".

In absentia, specialists are trained for six years and one specialty - Literary Creativity. At the department of artistic translation, future translators from English, German, French, Spanish, Italian and Korean learn. There is also a post-graduate course with doctoral studies in the following specialties: "Russian language", "Literature theory" and "Russian literature".

How it all began

The initiator of the creation of the Literary Institute was Maxim Gorky. At first the university was the Evening Workers' Literary University, only from 1933 it got its name, which is still preserved.

During the war, in 1942, the institute began to train full-time and part-time students. In 1953, full-time two-year Higher Literary Courses were opened for already held writers who need to replenish humanitarian knowledge and broaden their horizons. In 1983, the Literary Institute was awarded the highest order of Friendship of Peoples.

Location

Literary institutes of a pedagogical profile are located in different districts of Moscow, some in a historical but more significant place for the location of the Gorky Literary Institute can not be found. It is an architectural monument of the eighteenth century, a town estate on Tverskoy Boulevard, where in 1812 AI Herzen was born. And in the forties of the nineteenth here, in the literary salon, regulars were Gogol, Belinsky, Aksakovs, Chaadayev, Baratynsky, Khomyakov, Shchepkin and many other legendary figures.

Just before the beginning of the twentieth century, the publishing house was located here, and in the twenties - numerous writers' organizations. Literary evenings were held with the participation of Mayakovsky, Blok, Yesenin. This building is described in detail by Herzen, Bulgakov, Mandelstam. Here, right in this building, lived Vyacheslav Ivanov, Daniil Andreev, Osip Mandelstam, Andrei Platonov, as reported plaques on the building. There is a monument to Herzen in the courtyard.

Teachers

Teachers have always been and remain in the Litinstitute of Stellar, no other literary institutions simply could not collect the glorified masters in such numbers. It was taught by Alexander Zinoviev, Victor Rozov, Konstantin Paustovsky, Mikhail Svetlov, Konstantin Fedin, Lev Oshanin, Lev Ozerov, Yuri Kuznetsov, Yuri Mineralov and many other well-known writers, poets, playwrights. Lectures were read by scientists with sonorous names: I. Tolstoy, V. Asmus, A. Reformatsky, G. Vinokur, A. Taho-Godi, S. Radzig, S. Bondi, B. Tomashevsky, V. Kozhinov and no less worthy others.

And now the creative seminars are conducted by the most famous and beloved writers: Sergei Nikolaevich Yesin - the head of the department of literary skill, Samid Sahibovich Agayev, Yuri Sergeyevich Apenchenko, Sergey Sergeevich Arutyunov, Igor Leonidovich Volgin, Andrei Venediktovich Vorontsov, Andrei V. Vasilevsky, Alexei Varlamov - performing Duties of the rector of the Literary Institute, Anatoly Vasilievich Korolev, Ruslan Timofeevich Kireev, Vladimir Andreevich Kostrov, Stanislav Yuryevich Kunyaev, Gennady Krasnikov, Vladimir Yuriy Vitaly Malyagin, Alexander Alexandrovich Mikhailov, Olesya Alexandrovna Nikolaeva, Oleg Olegovich Pavlov, Alexander Evseevich Rekemchuk, Evgeny Borisovich Rein, Inna Ivanovna Rostovtseva, Galina Ivanovna Sedykh, Evgeny Yuryevich Sidorov, Alexander Yuryevich Segene, Sergey Petrovich Tolkachev, Alexander Petropovich Toroptsev, Marietta Omarovna Chudakova . Never did the institutes of literary creativity have such a constellation of masters.

To entrants - creative competition

Entering the Litinstitute can only pass the creative competition and passed the entrance examinations. In pedagogical literary institutes in Moscow, they receive information on the USE, as well as journalism in universities. Here the contest is held in three stages. First entrants send their creative work in the chosen direction: twenty (at least) pages of the text of prose, or two hundred verse lines, or twenty pages in literary criticism, drama, essay and journalism, as well as in artistic translation. This test is conducted without the participation of the applicant, moreover, he gives the work of the nameless, so there can be no prejudiced opinion. The literary pedagogical institute does not put before the entrant such difficult, but interesting creative tasks.

And only after that it is possible to receive the opportunity to hand over the remaining items in the USE (in writing or verbally). This is traditionally Russian literature, the Russian language, the history of Russia. If the creative work and passing the exams will satisfy the commission, the future student is invited to the second stage of the creative contest - this is a written sketch. Then follows the interview, the most important moment for the past two first stages. Neither the universities nor the pedagogical literary institutions of Russia do such a careful selection of entrants. Creative competitions exist, in addition to the Litinstitute, only for applicants who have chosen a profession in the field of theater, cinema or in universities of architectural and artistic directions.

Seminars

Students are prepared in two directions in parallel. This is an all-humanitarian - with a bias in literary criticism and the Russian language, as well as creative. Development of creativity takes place during seminars. Other literary institutions, if they existed, would probably work as well - the most optimal form.

Traditionally, seminars are held on Tuesdays. On this day there are no other classes for the student - only a seminar, whose leader is necessarily Master.

It is always a day of great excitement and nerves, often tears, sometimes quarrels. However, it happens the other way round. The only pity is that there is no possibility to attend other people's seminars, because all at the same time. You can not pass your own way; in any case, he is the best. In Litinstitut, the seminars were always conducted by the largest Soviet writers. Now the largest writers in Russia. The same seminars are held for the students of the Higher Literary Courses, which the author of this article was lucky to finish. On Tuesdays and students of the Higher School of Art Translation. It should be noted that there are courses of editors at the Literary Institute and correction courses.

International activity

The cooperation of this university with foreign colleagues is developing systematically, in accordance with the country's policy in terms of strengthening the authority in the international arena of our higher school. The scientific and academic ties widen considerably, the university strives to integrate the graduates and students into the world literary process into the educational space of Europe.

The best achievements of Russian literature in the far abroad and the CIS countries are propagandized. There are links with universities such as Trinity College in Ireland, the University of Cologne in Germany, the University of Bergamo in Italy, the Universities of Joseon and Konkuk in the Republic of Korea, the University of Paris-8 in France, the University of Suzhou in China. Also in the Litinstitut the cultural center Russia-Korea has been working for a long time. Every year from this creative university in the number of students of the Russian Federation foreign students are graduated - both CIS countries and far abroad.

Chairs

The Litinstitute is the top level of the ranking of Russian universities in terms of the ratio of professors and students: two students have one teacher with a degree. What literary institutions can boast of such a ratio?

Most of the teachers are here with a worldwide reputation. Teachers of the Department of Literary Excellence are listed above, the names are so significant that it is hardly possible to add any unfulfilled ecstasy, everything has already happened.

Two departments of literature

Absolutely magic chair with the magnificent professor Boris Nikolaevich Tarasov at the head, with the assistant professor - the eloquent Tatyana Borisovna Gvozdeva, with the most charming professor Stanislav Bezmovich Jimbinov, with the wonderful Anita Borisovna Mozhaeva, the senior lecturer ... At their lectures at the fascinated students the fountain pens fall out. What other literary institutions may be needed, if there is one?

The chair of Russian classical literature and Slavic studies headed by Professor Mikhail Yuryevich Stoyanovsky is not inferior at all. All the teachers there are beautiful, but who will compare with Professor Anatoly Sergeevich Demin? All other literary institutes in Moscow do not have creative educational directions, so the teachers at the Literary Institute are also special.

Department of Social Sciences

Here, under the guidance of Professor Lyudmila Mihaylovna Tsareva, all sorts of miracles take place: even students overwhelmed with poetry begin to adore economics and political science if lectures are given by associate professor Natalia Kutafina and to understand historical events if they communicate with Alexander Orlov, the author of excellent textbooks and the director of the Museum of History Lomonosov Moscow State University. And how nice to communicate with Olga Vyacheslavovna Zaitseva on the themes of philosophy and aesthetics after classes! Almost as much as listening to her lectures - bewitching!

At this department (and, for certain, too, too), there are simply no memorable teachers. Literary institutes in Russia, aimed at studying pedagogy or journalism, may also have good teachers of social sciences. But here teachers are also highly creative.

Department of Modern Russian Literature

Here is headed by the artistic teacher of the Institute - Professor Vladimir Pavlovich Smirnov, his students will surely remember his life all his life. Excellent lectures are given by Professor Boris Andreevich Leonov (also, according to the students' reviews, one of the favorite lecturers), associate professors Igor Ivanovich Bolychev and Sergei Romanovich Fedyakin. In the field of "current" literature experts are more authoritative than the staff of this department is simply not - neither in Russia, nor in the world. Moscow literary institutes of pedagogical, rather than creative, orientation are unlikely to be able to unite under their roof so many highly professional teachers.

Department of Theory of Literature and Literary Criticism

There are only three people here, but what! Applicants need to struggle with all their might with a high (very high!) Competition when entering the Litinstitute at least for the sake of walking along the same corridors. Head of the department is Professor Vladimir Ivanovich Gusev. This is an outstanding literary critic and literary critic. Chairman of the Board of the Moscow City Organization of the Writers' Union of Russia. He is the secretary of the executive committee of the ISPS (the International Community of Writers' Unions), is the editor-in-chief of the journal Moskovsky Vestnik. A great lecturer, a clever man.

Associate Professors Sergei Mikhailovich Kaznacheev and Alexei Antonov are interesting in their own way. Deep knowledge of the material allows them to lecture so enthusiastically that students can not outline, because they just want to look and listen. S. M. Kaznacheev held several scientific and practical conferences under the title "New Realism". AK Antonov has a fundamental knowledge of the theory of criticism and literary criticism and has a great lecturing talent. Reads not only students, but also graduate students and students of the Higher Literary Courses. He wrote a number of textbooks on the theory of literature.

In addition to the above, the Litinstitute has three other departments: Russian language and stylistics, foreign languages, artistic translation. And on each of them the teachers are exceptional.