EducationLanguages

A hostel is what? Meaning of the word

"Man is born for a hostel," says the well-known aphorism. What kind of housing is called this word and what are its distinctive features? Let's find out more about this.

The meaning of the word "hostel" in the XVIII-XIX centuries

In the old days, the term "hostel" was used in a slightly different sense than it does today.

What is it? To know this, it is enough to look at the meaning of the word "hostel" in the explanatory dictionary "Forgotten and difficult words of the XVIII-XIX centuries". In this solid edition, the hostel refers to "the ability of the individual to behave in a civilized society". By the way, it is in this meaning that this term appears in Alexander Pushkin's novel "Eugene Onegin".

The modern lexical meaning of the word "hostel"

In the same dictionary of forgotten and difficult words of the past centuries one more interpretation of the considered term is mentioned. So this noun in the old days was often called everyday life, everyday life. It is noteworthy that this interpretation turned out to be more "tenacious" and with minor adjustments was preserved in the 20th century.

Thus, with the advent of Soviet power in its Constitution, the term "hostel" has acquired the meaning of "norms of social life", as well as "domestic way of life".

Although today this interpretation of the word continues to be relevant, the majority of the Russian-speaking population understands by this name something else. Almost every adult and child knows that the hostel is a place for temporary cohabitation of students, workers, travelers and other individuals who do not have permanent own housing.

It is noteworthy that in those same XVIII-XIX centuries such places of temporary residence at educational institutions were called "bursa".

The origin of this noun

This name is originally Russian and has no analogues in other Slavic languages. So in Ukrainian for the designation of this type of temporary housing is used the word "gurtozhitok", in Belarusian - "enterprise", in Polish - schronisko, and in Czech - ubytovna.

Formed noun "hostel" from a combination of two words: "common" and "live." By the way, it is for this reason that when deconstructing the morphemes, two roots are singled out at once: "common" and "zhi", interconnected by the "e" interfix.

Synonyms

Having considered the meaning of the word "hostel" and its origin, it is worth paying attention to the selection of synonyms for it.

The most common analogue for this term is the one-root noun for it "dorm". In most cases, this synonym is somewhat familiar, and, as a rule, is not used in official documentation.

As an analogue of the word "hostel", you can also use the terms "dwelling" or "dwelling" - however, they can not always fully replace it.

Depending on which institution a particular hostel belongs to, the words "barracks" (at the school or other military facility) or "monastery" (at the church, monastery) are used as analogues for this noun.

If a particular hostel is notorious, then the use of such nouns as a "stash" or "den" is allowed as a synonym for it.

If the word in question is used in the meaning of the everyday way of life, you can choose synonyms for it: "everyday life" or "life".

Features of hostels

Having studied the meaning of the noun "hostel", it is worthwhile to study in more detail the peculiarities of this type of housing, as well as its types, the norms laid down by the current legislation.

The main feature of most of these dwellings is that in them in one room several people live at once. Moreover, resettlement is most often done without taking into account their friendly or kinship ties (except for family hostels). Therefore, every resident of the hostel has in its arrangement only one bed-place and the possibility of sharing a bathroom, kitchen, laundry and other common "amenities."

Regardless of which system of arrangement of rooms in a particular building, on each floor or block there is a common bathroom, bathroom and kitchen. In some cases, a games room, gym, laundry, library.

As a rule, residence in the hostel does not yet give the right to living space and its privatization. However, this applies only to the legislation of the Russian Federation. After all, according to Ukrainian laws, you can privatize a room in a hostel, although it is very problematic to do this. These prohibitions on the territory of the Russian Federation are related to the fact that each of these buildings belongs to a separate agency (university, plant, military unit, etc.) and is not a communal property. In this regard, their inhabitants in practice are practically disenfranchised and at any time can be evicted from the occupied area. Because of this sad truth of life, most residents of the hostel take them as a temporary shelter and absolutely do not care about their well-being. Due to this, the average hostel (photo below) looks very bad.

Although there are happy exceptions to this sad rule.

The norms of the square in the dormitories of Russia and Ukraine

On the territory of each state, where there is such a thing as "hostel", certain rules apply that regulate residence in them.

So, according to the legislation of the Russian Federation, each inhabitant of the hostel should be allocated a minimum of 4.5 m 2 of area.

But according to Ukrainian law this area is somewhat larger - from 6 m 2 per inhabitant of the room, as well as from 5 m 2 for the city of Kiev.

Types of hostels

There are several types of this type of housing. Everything depends on the organization to which it belongs, and on what residents it is calculated on:

  • The student hostel is one of the oldest forms of this dwelling, which dates back to the Middle Ages. Typically, such dormitories consist of rooms for 2-4 people (sometimes more), equipped with beds and a desk. Such hostels are provided to non-resident students of full-time and part-time forms for the duration of their studies. After graduating from high school or deductible student automatically discharged from the hostel and has no right to this living space, even in theory.
  • A small family hostel is a room that is assigned to a separate family or a specific resident. It is not populated by strangers, as it happens in working and student dormitories. However, such a room is still deprived of individual amenities and is not subject to privatization.
  • The working hostel is a specialized dwelling for out-of-town personnel of a particular enterprise. Among all species - this is the least comfortable. As a rule, in one room of such a hostel live from four to twenty workers. At the same time, the level of sanitation in such places can sometimes be similar to that of a hotel (two stars), although this is more an exception than a rule.

According to the type of arrangement of rooms, the hostels are divided into block and corridor.

Also dormitories are female, male and cohabitation.

Difference hostel from a communal apartment

If the hostel differs from an ordinary apartment or a private house in that it is shared by strangers with whom it is necessary to divide the kitchen, the bathroom and the corridor, then they have significantly fewer differences with communal apartments. But they are.

First of all, in a hostel a single person owns either one bed or a room. In a communal apartment for a person or a whole family can be fixed several rooms at once.

One of the main and most important differences is the possibility for tenants of communal apartments to acquire the occupied living space into private ownership - to privatize it. What can not be done with the dorm room, according to the legislation of the Russian Federation (in Ukraine it is possible).

Although the bathroom and kitchen in communal apartments also share among themselves several residents, as a rule, electricity meters in each "apartment" own. Also in communal apartments are usually divided between themselves burners on the stove, kitchen utensils and pantries. While in dormitories it is rare to install separate counters for each room. And as for common kitchens, usually about one kitchen is fixed about ten rooms, and in this situation it is not possible to separate the burners and other accessories.

Similar articles

 

 

 

 

Trending Now

 

 

 

 

Newest

Copyright © 2018 en.birmiss.com. Theme powered by WordPress.