Writer Ivan Makarov: biography, creativity and interesting facts

Russian literature is rich in bright names. But the socio-political life of the country developed in such a way that the mass media were in the hands of the current government. And the names of many writers, poets, scientists for many years were devoted to oblivion. Among them, a talented writer Ivan Ivanovich Makarov.

Early years of the writer

Ivan Makarov was born in the village of Saltyki on October 30, 1900. At the baptism received the name of John.

After graduation from the rural school, Ivan was accepted as the best student to study at the Ryazhskaya Men's Gymnasium for state education. Before the end of the gymnasium, the future writer studied for public money.

In 1918, two private women's gymnasiums and a male gymnasium, where Ivan studied, were combined and renamed. In June 1919, he will graduate from it as a "Secondary School No. 2".

Years of study

Teachers of the gymnasium were all with university education. The trustee of the gymnasium was secret counselor Yermolov. The gymnasts regularly made excursions to his estate - they examined greenhouses, gardens, greenhouses and a park.

There was a student choir in the gymnasium. There were violins, cello, pianos, violas, double bass, flute, oboe. Gymnasts have created an orchestra of balalaika students. Performed performances, including for the residents of the city. For the gymnasium students held Sunday readings with light pictures and cinematograph sessions.

Held in the gymnasium sports "Sunday morning", in the spring - games, in the summer - football and boating, which paid for the gymnasium. In the winter they organized ski walks and a skating rink for schoolboys.

Exact science was given to the future writer well. In algebra, geometry, he had fours, in Russian and in literature - three. Years of training in the gymnasium have become critical for the future writer's becoming. This time epoch-making events: the First World War, the February Revolution, then the October Revolution, the beginning of the Civil War.

A family

The writer's parents, peasants Ivan Ivanovich Makarov and Maria Ivanovna Konkova, were also born in Saltyki. They were literate people, which for that time was a rarity. Both came out of the strong farms, documents have been preserved confirming that they rented land from Princess Trubetskoy.

Creativity Makarov Ivan Ivanovich inseparably linked to his biography. In his novels, the writer will indicate the exact amount of land (the "Black Shawl") belonging to the princess, and the number of inhabitants of his village ("Steel Ribs"). The writer's father was a peasant without land and he owned only a sewing machine, as Makarov himself writes. His father was engaged in a shoe business.

The whole land was listed for Makarov's grandfather. They also lived in the house of his grandfather. The family had six children, Ivan - the oldest. Land plots could not support a large family, and my father often went to work in Moscow.

In the first years of the new government, both the father and son of Makarov entered the bodies of local authority. Father was at the head of the committee to combat deserters, and the son became a member of the village council. Makarov, Jr. was a member of the village committee of the poor, who was entitled to seize the "surplus" of grain and distribute it among the have-nots.

Probably, the lack of own land influenced the outlook of Makarov-senior. He approved the program of the "peasant" Socialist-Revolutionary Party, whose main question was about the land. This was passed on to his son. The main theme of his work will be peasants, land and revolution, which turned their lives.

In his works Ivan Makarov tells about the real events of 1917. The novel "The Black Shawl" will indicate the fact of the peasants smashing the distillery when they drank alcohol, and about 70 people died.

Personal life

In some of his questionnaires Makarov pointed out that he was not married. In the party questionnaire of 1921, he noted that he was "married". His wife was Vera Valentinovna Vonlyarlyarskaya, adopted son - January. In 1941 he, seventeen, will volunteer for the front. At the end of the Second World War, January will die under Koenigsberg.

Revolutionary activity

The revolution called for thousands of young people, Makarov was among them. In the questionnaires, he invariably put "good" or "average" in the graph. His comrades in the Komsomol envied him, many of them graduated only from elementary school.

The first "revolutionary steps" Ivan Makarov did in his native village, when with villagers they tore from the walls of the council and burned portraits of the king. Then he was still a pupil of the gymnasium. After graduation, he went to the party where he commanded - he fought in the ranks of the Red Army, served as a political instructor and scout in CHON, was secretary of the Uyezd Committee of the Komsomol.

In 1922, Makarov was recalled from this post and sent to the province as an instructor of the Committee of the RKSM. He lived in Ryazan, but he frequently went to the counties for his duty. As representative of the Ryazan province, Makarov traveled in January 1924 to the funeral of the leader to Moscow. Among the delegates was at the 6th All-Union Congress of the Komsomol.

Since the fall of 1923, Makarov Ivan Ivanovich - a member of the Communist Party. He combined party work and literary creativity. In 1924, with his active participation, the Ryazan branch of the Poets' Union and the literary circle were created.

Since 1926, Makarov worked as secretary of the party department in the department of public education. At the end of the same year he left Ryazan briefly to see Siberia. The last service of Makarov in Ryazan is the supervision of the land management technical school.

First publications

Most of his short life Ivan Makarov lived on the Ryazan land. He actively participated in the construction of a young state, first as a Komsomol worker, then as a party worker. In Ryazan, he was published in local newspapers as a rural correspondent and leader of the Komsomol organization.

During this period, notes were written: "Youth cry", "Lenin's grandchildren", "Thoughts of a young communard", "Worker's cry". Stories "The First Resurrection", "Mishkina contraband", "Boots and Butter", "The Key". "Grunka's curse" and "Tooth for a tooth" brought Makarov to the all-Russian level. From this moment began his journey into great literature.

Creativity Makarov

In 1929, the first novel "Steel Ribs" was published in Moscow. He was published in the magazine "Young Guard", then published a separate book. After its publication, Makarov moved to Moscow. Here were written stories:

• 1930 - "The Last Guy";
• 1933 - "Case 471";
• 1935 - "Firebird", "Stepan, suffering for peace."

Already in the capital talented prose writer Makarov Ivan Ivanovich wrote the story:

• 1929 - "The raid of a black beetle";
• 1930 - 1931 - "Peace on Earth";
• 1931 - 1932 - The Cossack Farm;
• 1936 - "Hofmaler Nikitka".

In the Moscow period, novels were created:

• 1929 - "The Steel Ribs";
• 1933 - 1934 - "The Black Shawl";
• 1936 - "Misha Kurbatov".

The novels "India in Blood" and "Big Plan" have not yet been published. The fate of the works of "Veksha" and "Passionate Muscovite" is unknown. Roman Makarov's "Blue Fields" remained unfinished.

In 1928, Ivan Makarov led the Ryazan branch of the Writers' Association. In 1929, for the story "On the Turn", he received the award of the journal "Pathfinder". In 1930 - for the story "Zamolk tambourine" award magazine "World Adventures."

Arrest

In the novel "Misha Kurbatov" Makarov deviated from the party point of view. In February 1937, the writer Makarov Ivan Ivanovich was arrested as the ideological inspirer of the organization of peasant writers, allegedly her goal was the murder of Stalin.

On the Lubianka Makarov long tortured and tortured. Under inhuman torture he pleaded guilty. Tens of years later it will be established that there was no conspiracy and could not be. Makarov was shot in the dungeons of the NKVD on July 16, 1937.