EducationSecondary education and schools

Wisła - the longest river in the Baltic Sea basin

The Wisla River is the largest river not only in Poland, but also in the Baltic Sea basin. By water, it is second only to the Neva. The sources of the Vistula are at the Baranya Mountain at an altitude of more than 1 thousand meters above sea level in the Western Carpathians (Moravian-Silesian Beskids). Its main sources are the Black Hangman and the White Hangman. The total length of the river is 1047 kilometers, and the area of its basin is 198.5 thousand square kilometers. The Vistula flows into the Baltic Sea near the city of Gdansk. The depth of the Vistula in certain places reaches 7 meters. The most important tributaries of the river are: San, West Bug, Narew and Pilica. The maximum width of the channel is 1 thousand meters. The main water supply Vistula receives from tributaries flowing from the Carpathians. The flood of the river depends on thawed waters. Both in winter and in summer there are floods. High and rapid water rises, as well as ice jams, can lead to flooding. Vistula on the map of Europe is in the middle.

Formation of the Vistula River

On the planet Earth in the Quaternary geological period , the Vistula River appeared. The map of today does not convey the size or direction of the flow of that waterway. Since then, the glaciation 8 times came to the territory of Poland, and every time shifted the valley of the river. Its current parameters Wisla took about 14 thousand years ago, when the last Scandinavian ice left the mainland. But even today the river continues to form, as evidenced by the accumulation of precipitation along the entire length of the river bed and a significant erosion of the banks. The main peculiarity of the Vistula among European rivers is asymmetry. This is a consequence of the "work" of glaciers. The left part of the basin accounts for only 27%, when on the right - 73%. Along the Vistula there are 3 types of terrain: the zone of the Carpathian highlands, the West European Upland and the East European Plain.

History of the river and adjacent territories

For the first time the Wisla River is mentioned in the historical chronicles of Pliny the Elder. In the II century AD, the ancient Greek scholar Ptolemy wrote that it is the natural boundary of the territories between the lands of the Sarmatians and the Germans. In ancient Rome, the basin of the Vistula River was considered the land of Germanic tribes. The settlement of the Slavs by these territories occurred in the 6th-8th centuries. The Vistula created a state with three capitals: Krakow, Straduve and Sandomierz. In the 10th century the country was conquered by another tribe of Slavs - the meadows, which created modern Poland. Krakow remained the capital. Here Polish kings were crowned until 1610, when Warsaw became the center of the state. The Vistula has always remained the most important waterway from the interior of Europe to the Baltic Sea.

Economic significance of the Vistula

Wisla (Poland) is the largest water artery in the country. It contains up to 60% of all water resources, and its basin covers half the territory of the state. In the national economy of Poland, the Vistula River plays a significant role. It has developed cargo and passenger navigation for ships with a displacement of up to 500 tons. There are several hydroelectric power stations on the Vistula, the largest of which is the Wloclawek hydroelectric power station. Its capacity is more than 160 MW. In addition to the water supply of the housing stock in Poland, the river gives water to industrial enterprises, such as the Novaya Guta metallurgical plant and the Kotovice metallurgy giant, Płock, petrochemical plants, the FAS workshop (Warsaw car factory), nitrogen fertilizer plants in Wlocllavik and many others.

Sights, recreation and tourism

The Wisla River is attractive for a variety of recreation. This is hiking and water tourism, as well as river cruises. There are two wonderful landscapes: in the mouth and Vepsha. The river flows through such large Polish cities as Warsaw, Krakow, Gdansk, Wloclawek, Plock, Tarnobrzeg, Torun and others. Interesting is the peninsula in the Gdańsk Gulf of Westerplatte, where the first battles of World War II took place. Traveling through the Vistula, you can see amazing monuments of architecture and history: the Cathedral of Saints Stanislaus and Wenceslas in Krakow, the Old Town in Tarnobrzeg, the Royal Castle, the Lazensk and presidential palaces in Warsaw, the Solidarity Bridge in Plock, the Town Hall and the Royal Chapel in Gdansk, the house Famous astronomer Nicholas Copernicus in Toruń, the palace and park ensemble Czartoryski in Pulava. Tourist routes along the Vistula in recent years are very popular among Russians.

Similar articles

 

 

 

 

Trending Now

 

 

 

 

Newest

Copyright © 2018 en.birmiss.com. Theme powered by WordPress.