What is inclusive education in the GEF DOW?

Throughout the history of mankind, people were born children who differed from others. To put it more clearly, these children had a disability. Disability could be both physical and mental, but, one way or another, it hindered the normal integration of children into society. Accordingly, they turned out to be fenced off from normal development, which alienated them even more from human society. In most cases, such children grew up alone and lived with their parents for the rest of their lives, who continued to look after them as infants.

Naturally, special institutions were set up in which a similar child with a disability could be given, but such institutions were more like a sentence for the child as a potential full-fledged personality, because they only created a huge gap between "normal" children and "special" children, even more Complicating the integration of the latter into the society of the former. This situation was observed for a very long time, and only recently it began to be corrected. And this is due to the fact that a special inclusive education has appeared in the DOW. According to GEF (Federal State Educational Standard), this education is now an obligatory part of the system in the Russian Federation. Accordingly, serious steps are now being taken to ensure that "special" children cease to be such and be able to obtain an appropriate education that allows them to integrate into society and become a full part of it. However, what is an inclusive education in the GEF DOW? It's time to sort this out.

What is inclusive education?

First of all, it is necessary to understand what is really an inclusive education in the GEF DOW. The essence of this approach is to follow the path of unification. This means that "special" children are not separated from the rest of society, keeping their homes under the care of their parents or sending them to special institutions. Rather, such establishments are created in which both ordinary children and children with disabilities can be at the same time, so that they can all learn to live a common full life.

Inclusive education in Russia

Naturally, this is a very complex and time-consuming process, inclusive education in the GEF DOW will be introduced in Russia for a very long time, but it is already gratifying that the introduction has begun, and the corresponding institutions are gradually opening, where each child is trained in interaction and mutual assistance, where children with Disability from an early age integrate into the real world and learn to overcome their shortcomings and live with them as a full-fledged part of society.

As for the education system itself, now active work is being done to ensure that inclusive education is not concentrated only in the largest cities of the country, but spread all over its territory, allowing to cover as many as needed. Accordingly, now the Russian Federation is at the stage of creating a solid and reliable foundation throughout the country, which children with a disability can use as a support when entering a society that was previously forbidden to them.

Statistics

Why is the program of inclusive education in the GEF DOW so important? It turns out that statistics literally screams in favor of creating more such inclusive educational institutions. The fact is that over the past thirty years, the number of children born in Russia with a disability has grown enormously. And the forecasts allow us to say that in the near future growth will continue to be observed. Accordingly, such a situation can not be left without full control, and inclusive education in the GEF DOW is the most reasonable decision that can be made at this stage.

The benefits of inclusion

Now you know the basic concepts relating to inclusive education in the GEF DOW: what it is, how it is implemented, and so on. But the topic is far from exhausted, so it's worth taking a closer look at some aspects. For example, what can be useful for such an inclusive education. As absolutely all experts note, there are many different approaches to children with these or other characteristics, but they all agree that the most important thing for such children is contact with people around them.

Accordingly, inclusive education is precisely the method that maximally concentrates on meeting this critical requirement. According to numerous studies, contacts between children with deviations and without deviations are beneficial for both. The level of empathy in those children who study in accordance with this program is much higher, and it is a question of both children with disabilities and completely ordinary children. Experience in inclusive education in the GEF DOW demonstrates that this is indeed the case, and the Russian Federation also has a positive impact on the psyche and the development of children following the rules of inclusiveness.

Importance of preschool institutions

It's no secret that preschool education is a very useful aspect that allows a child to socialize from an early age and by the time of the school period to be fully prepared for all the difficulties he will face if he immediately passes from a home lifestyle To the school. Studies show that children who were involved in pre-school education in the first grades of the school showed significantly more impressive results, and it is not just about achievement, but also about socialization and adaptation to school conditions.

How is inclusive education organized in preschool institutions?

If it comes to children with disabilities, then preschool education plays an even more serious role for them. That is why an inclusive education is recommended in the GEF DOW from the birth of a child, since in this way it can feel from the earliest years as a part of society, and not as an outcast like it was before. If a disabled child goes to such a preschool, it can be guaranteed that by school age he will be able to communicate freely with other children, interact with them, and have all the necessary behavioral and communicative functions. How is inclusive education organized in the GEF DOW from birth to school?

Work principles

Programs of inclusive education in the GEF DOW from birth to school may differ depending on the particular institution, but it should be noted that they all follow several clear principles on which the entire system is built. First, within the framework of inclusive education, each child is provided with an individual approach, so that it can be confidently stated that the needs of each student will be taken into account. Secondly, each child is primarily motivated for independent activity, while teachers act only as assistants who provide support in the event of difficulties. Third, one of the fundamental principles of inclusive education is the inclusion in the educational process of absolutely all students, without exception, based on the physical or mental state of the child.

It is also worth noting that in such education the interdisciplinary approach is most widely used, the variational methods that change freely in the learning process to better suit a particular group of students, and the emphasis is on interaction with the family so that disabled children do not feel uncomfortable away from Their relatives.

And, of course, the emphasis is on creating and developing an educational model. This means that such institutions are not considered as an entertaining place where young children can happily spend time, this is a full-fledged educational institution that really benefits society. Therefore, programs of inclusive education in the DOS on the GEF hatching to school are developed with special care.

Serious process

Naturally, everything began quite locally, inclusive education was introduced in separate educational institutions as an experiment to see how successful it would be. As it turned out, this approach helped to achieve incredible successes, and the results of the first experiments showed that children with disabilities received much more opportunities for development and integration into society than it was before, when only special institutions for "special" were available to them.

Huge workloads

But it is worthwhile to understand that this is only the beginning, and there is still a long way to go, which will not be easy to do. For today, inclusive education is only one of the most popular methods of teaching, which is used in individual schools and educational institutions. Naturally, the goal should be universal dissemination of inclusive education, that is, it should become full and basic throughout the country, so that disabled children are not looking for where to find at least some institution offering an inclusive program, and that they can go to Any institution, and they could be accepted there, since there are worthy specialists who can organize the process of teaching children with any deviations.

Problems with mentality

But the most important thing is the need for changes in the mentality of people. Sadly, most people at the sight of a disabled person on the street will try to turn away as quickly as possible and quickly pass by. Disabled people are not perceived as full-fledged members of society, so even if inclusive education will have incredible success throughout the country, until people make their lives inclusive, including people with disabilities in their communication, ignoring their problems and treating them like Equal, success will not be achieved.

The main problems of inclusive education

Summing up, it is worthwhile to identify the main problems that hamper the success of inclusive education in Russia today. First, there is no universal All-Russian system. Secondly, appropriate training is not provided for the necessary specialists. Thirdly, there are no conditions in the existing DOW for the implementation of inclusive education. Well, we should not forget that most DOW do not have proper medical support, there is no work on the development of special techniques, and there is no accompanying legislation on children with disabilities.