What are the main types of political regimes? The concept and types of political regimes

This article will discuss what are the main types of political regimes. Most ordinary people do not think about the different features of the form of government, the ideology of the political regime. So, let's start to understand.

The concept and types of political regimes

The political regime is a combination of ways, methods of exercising power in the state by the political elite. This term is diverse, because every political scientist or other scientist, as well as an ordinary person, have their own view of understanding political reality.

To study the main types of political regime is very important and relevant because of different processes in society. For example, Stalin and Hitler allowed the country to have a pretty sweet and romantic constitution with quite democratic provisions. But was it compared with reality? The treatment of people was terrible, they could simply be killed, burned in the oven, imprisoned, sent to a concentration camp. Therefore, it is the actual activity, actions that characterize the political regime. Types of political regimes are divided into democratic and undemocratic.

The undemocratic has its own sub-types: authoritarianism and totalitarianism. In this connection, having opened the textbook on the paragraph "What are the main types of political regimes?", You will find the following classification: democracy, authoritarian regime and totalitarianism.

In principle, the features of democracy are more or less clear, but what about the difference between the other two terms? The main difference lies in the sphere of penetration. The totalitarian regime affects all public areas - from how to talk, think, dress, read, and before even how to have sex. Authoritarianism penetrates into the political sphere of the society, that is, you can safely dress at your will, go to your favorite cafes, but if you have a desire for fair elections, criticism of the actions of the authorities, shouting about oppression of rights and freedoms, the state will quickly silenced.

Below, we give a comparison by some criteria so that you can form a knowledge of what are the main types of political regimes.

On whom the regime is based, its basis

At the heart of democracy is the will of the majority of the population. In other words, it is the power of the majority. In such states, people support democratic initiatives.

Totalitarianism is based on marginals, poor and poor layers of urban residents and semi-criminal elements. Take, for example, the October Revolution, because the executors were sailors and soldiers who believed the Bolshevik ideology, clear propaganda actions.

Defenders of the authoritarian regime are civil servants, police, officials, the army, the church. Look at the news stories: if in your country the role of the siloviki is significant, and civil servants have a lot of power, using it for their own purposes - you live in authoritarianism.

Such a base has the main types of political regime.

And what about the rights and freedoms of citizens?

Democracy is built on the fact that the rights and freedoms of citizens flourish and become sacred. If someone somewhere violates the rights of minorities, women or any other communities - there will be a lot of screams and they will be loud. Democrats believe that a free person can bring much benefit to the state, living and developing in a full-fledged society.

Totalitarian countries are very fond of declaring, legally asserting rights and freedoms, but this is just paper and empty words. Try it, joke about power. Exception from school, party, dismissal from work is the best that can still happen to you. The worst scenario for a joker is shooting and sending his family to a concentration camp.

The authoritarian regime has a constitution in which everything is very beautifully spelled out, but the legislation only works for the state and for officials connected with it. You shot down a man at the crossing - you will sit down, if the deputy did it - there are many ways to hush things up.

After such an analysis, your idea of what the main types of political regimes are, should expand, but we continue further.

Mode and party system

Democratic countries allow many parties to exist. It does not matter how many, even thousands. Of course, all these organizations can not come to power, but please register.

The totalitarian regime provides for only one party, the only one and officially authorized. It is a state one. Creating others is strictly prohibited, but you want to try, then prepare to become a convict in a concentration camp, because the leader will not forgive you that.

Authoritarianism welcomes the existence of several parties, but the governing and leading one will be pleasing to the state. The mayor of the city will necessarily be a representative of the party of power.

Economic features in different modes

In democracy, the economy is a market economy, and private property is very important and indestructible. Naturally, there is a property both state and mixed, but the market relations rule the ball.

Under a totalitarian regime, the entire economic area is subordinated to the state, and you will not find any private cafes or shops. The economy meets the interests of the country.

Authoritarianism allows the existence of two types of property: private (small and medium business) and state (large and important factories and plants).

Features of ideology

A democratic country will not criminalize you for any other views. Nothing and no one should forbid you to express your personal opinion. If this happens - go to court and prove your case.

In totalitarianism there is only one - a single and correct - ideology, with which you can explain everything. All dissidents are declared enemies of the people.

Authoritarian regime shows cunning in this regard. Other ideologies are allowed, but only one is approved and imposed everywhere and everywhere.

After reading the article, you should have a good idea of what kinds of political regimes and their features are.