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What are hyphae: the peculiarities of the structure of fungi

Agree, when it comes to mushrooms, everyone represents a hat on a small foot. But in reality it is only a fruitful body. The fungus itself is a collection of hyphae. Most often they are all underground, so they are invisible. What are hyphae and what are the main principles of their life? This and other questions will be answered by our article.

General description of the Kingdom of Mushrooms

Representatives of the Kingdom of Mushrooms are amazing organisms. In taxonomy, they occupy an intermediate position between plants and animals, because they combine the features of the structure of both. They are capable only of heterotrophic nutrition, do not contain chlorophyll, produce urea in the process of metabolism, store glycogen. These are signs of their similarity with animals. And like plants, mushrooms lead an attached way of life, grow unlimitedly, have a cell wall and multiply by spores.

What are hyphae?

The body of the fungi is called mycelium. It consists of separate threads - hyphae. Most often the mycelium is also called a mycelium, which may differ in its structure. What are the hyphae of molds? Mukor is the only cell that is capable of spore formation. Penicillium hyphae are numerous. On their tops over time, formed a kind of brushes with spores. In the form of a bluish-green coating, they form on the surface of food. Another representative of this systematic unit is yeast. They do not form hyphae and the present mycelium, multiplying by budding.

Variety of mushrooms

The most developed are hyphae in fungi, which are called capworm. On the surface of the soil, they form large fruit bodies, which the person uses for food. These are derived from the mycelium of the mycelium located below the ground. In a fruit body, they are very closely intertwined and form a false tissue called pseudoparenchyma. Hyphae not only represent the basis of fungi, but also perform the functions of the root of plants. They suck in water with nutrients dissolved in it, providing the body with the mineral elements necessary for growth and development.

Structure of lichens

Mushrooms are part of some organisms. Some of them are lichens. They are formed by hyphae of fungi and cells of blue-green algae. On the surface, the filaments are most closely intertwined and form a protective crust. It contains many kinds of pigments that color the lichen's shade in different colors. At first glance, it may seem that the fungus and algae in the body exist mutually beneficial. But numerous experiments have shown that this is not so. Scientists have separated both components. And it turned out that algae can live on its own, and the hyphae of the fungus die. This means that lichen is an example of parasitic existence. The fungus lives in it due to the alga, which synthesizes organic substances in the process of photosynthesis.

Mycorrhiza

Mycorrhiza is another type of cohabitation of fungal hyphae. This time their "neighbor" is the roots of higher plants. This is a typical example of a mutually beneficial relationship. The fungus is provided with carbohydrates, and the plant - with minerals and microelements. Such symbiosis in nature occurs quite often. In this case the hyphae of the fungus act as root hairs, penetrating into individual cells. Typical examples of plants that enter into symbiosis with fungi and are called mycotrophs are aspen and birch.

We hope, now everyone has understood the question of what hyphae are. These are separate filaments that form a mycelium and fruit bodies. Hyphae can also enter into various types of relationships with algae and higher plants. Their main function is the absorption of water and minerals.

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