Types of sockets for electrical appliances

In everyday life, an electrical outlet is a habitual device that does not require special skills. There are various types of sockets that you should read to know about their purpose. This information is especially useful for those who think about repairing in their apartment.

A socket is an element intended for plug-in connection, coupling of electrical appliances with power networks that supply them. The device was patented by Harvey Hubbell in 1904. Twenty-two years later, another inventor, Albert Butner, received the copyright for an improved model of a grounded outlet, which is currently the standard.

Plug-in devices are distinguished by the method of installation, power, phase voltage and purpose. Depending on the last criterion, the types of outlets are singled out for use in production and in everyday life. Voltage in the power grid distinguishes low-voltage, single-phase and three-phase elements. Plug-in devices, single- and three-phase, are available for outdoor and indoor installation.

European and American sockets are equipped with earthing contacts. Domestic manufacturers also produce such devices according to the German standard. When the device is connected to the outlet, contact is first made with the grounding contact and then with the contacts conducting the electric current.

In everyday life, electrical appliances are used to connect various household appliances: washing machines, vacuum cleaners and much more. Used in everyday life and an electrical outlet for use in low voltage networks, over which the Internet, telephone, television and radio signals are transmitted.

In modern apartment buildings, single-phase voltage is used in the electrical network. But for some electrical appliances it is not enough. The connection of the electric stove is in accordance with the voltage in the network and the power consumption, for which a three-phase power outlet is used, which, as the name implies, has three contacts. They are designed for different phases and there is still one contact for grounding. The socket contacts are made of large diameter and width, because they transmit significant currents of electricity. The industry produces four- and five-pin sockets. The first of them is used for connection in the "triangle" scheme - three phases and grounding, the second one is connected according to the "star" scheme, that is, three phases, neutral and protective zero. To provide protection against electric shock, 7-contact sockets are produced. In their power scheme, there is a residual current device for each phase .

For ease of use in everyday life and for the connection of smaller appliances, such types of outlets as block combinations of devices for different purposes are manufactured.

When replacing the device, it is necessary to adhere to the safety rules. For example, before starting work, it is necessary to de-energize the electrical networks. The simplest is the installation of a socket with external wiring that runs along the wall surface. In this case, overhead sockets are used, which can be removed using standard tools for screw connections. If the wiring is hidden, then on the surface of the wall there is only the decorative part of the device, and the technical elements are inside. When installing it requires knowledge of the design of devices.

In sockets with a screw terminal during installation, the bare contacts must be clamped with two plates and a connecting screw, which serves to secure the wiring inside the device firmly. If you need to install a socket without a connecting screw, then you need to press a special key to expand the contact hole.

In shops where it is possible to buy goods for repair, they offer such types of sockets that can be used in various purposes. For example, for a children's room sockets equipped with protective curtains that cover the holes are suitable. The curtains open only when the plugs are inserted at the same time. For rooms with high humidity (bathroom, pool) are sold moisture-proof sockets.