Toxoplasmosis. Description. Treatment of toxoplasmosis in humans

Toxoplasmosis, the signs of which are manifested by disorders of the nervous and muscular systems, provokes an increase in lymph nodes, affects the eyes, disrupts the activity of the liver and spleen. In 1908 this disease was revealed for the first time. Today, according to experts, the prevalence of pathology is very high. So, according to some sources, in South America and Africa almost the whole population is infected (about 90%), in Europe - about 50%. As a rule, the disease affects people at a young age. The greatest danger it presents to pregnant women.

Causes of pathology

Analysis of the causative agent is made. Toxoplasmosis is caused by the Toxoplasma gondii parasite. This microorganism belongs to the simplest series of coccidia. The bacterium is mobile and has an arcuate shape. When viewed under a microscope, the body looks like an orange slice. This parasite has sexual and non-sexual methods of reproduction. In the first case, as a result of the process occurring in the intestine, cysts are formed. These forms show high resistance to the influence of external factors. So, these microorganisms are not afraid of exposure to high and low temperatures. Going along with feces, cysts can get into other organs and provoke their infection. As a result of sexual reproduction, very persistent forms of parasites are formed. You can get infected from pets. Also provoking factors are the use of raw or poorly roasted meat, unwashed fruit or vegetables, greens, where parasites can be found. Having penetrated the body, the bacteria after proliferation in the intestine spread lymphogenous, and then hematogenous.

Symptoms

It should be noted immediately that the treatment of toxoplasmosis in humans depends on the classification of the pathology itself. Specialists share the congenital and acquired forms. The latter is characterized by the presence of latent, acute and chronic stages, which can occur without particularly pronounced manifestations. In rare cases, an acute form is revealed. As a rule, it is noted in individuals whose immunity is reduced. Heavy current differs congenital form of pathology. In the early stages of pregnancy, the fetus is killed due to the fact that it has an ugliness that is incompatible with life. If the infection happened in the second half of the gestation, then the child shows generalized lesions of all systems and organs. In this case, there is an increase in temperature, decreased muscle tone, weakness, jaundice of the skin, rash, nerve disorders (encephalomyelitis).

Treatment of toxoplasmosis in humans

At an acute stage, chemotherapy is used. It includes such drugs as "Fansidar", "Delagil". Together with them, antibiotics that are part of the tetracycline series, as well as sulfonamide medicines, are used. Treatment of toxoplasmosis in humans involves the use of antihistamines, vitamins. To the health measures include general strengthening and immunomodulating therapy. A positive outcome involves the complete elimination of all the symptoms of the pathology. Treatment of toxoplasmosis in humans can be completed and unfavorable. As a rule, this happens in patients with a weak immune system.