Tool for drilling holes on different surfaces: types, instructions and recommendations

The formation of holes in walls, partitions, panel structures and other structures may be required for a variety of purposes. But even a small-diameter mounting passage is capable of delivering many problems in the creation process. Especially when it comes to solid building materials: brick or concrete. In working with soft surfaces also not all is unambiguous. In such cases, a traditional hand tool for drilling holes is used. However, the workflow itself requires skill and attention, since the risk of deformation of the zones adjacent to the processing site increases. Anyway, in each case, their nuances of drilling are assumed, which should be analyzed separately.

In what cases are drilling operations used?

Areas of application of technical aids and equipment for creating holes by drilling are quite extensive. First of all, we are talking about repair and installation operations, during which builders create channels for laying communications. And the sizes of such apertures can vary from 1 to 20 cm. Small passages are necessary for wiring telephone line cables, information networks, etc. Such works require delicacy and high accuracy. Therefore, it is recommended to use an electric tool for drilling holes, which can be represented by a multifunction drill. The need to create holes can also be caused by the laying of engineering and communication networks. This group of installation activities include installation of water, gas, and heating systems.

Varieties of tools for drilling

As far as the parameters of the drilling operations are varied, the range of tools intended for their implementation is just as wide. The classic and most common type of such means is the drill mentioned. She, by the way, also suggests several subtypes. For example, there are traditional mechanical drills, network and battery modifications that can perform tasks in the distance from the outlet. There are groups of special tools. They are designed to work with specific hardware. For example, a beginner in carpentry may have a question about what is the name of a tool for drilling cylindrical holes for the purpose of further insertion of round spikes? For such operations, percussion is used - these are center drills, which allow processing even across the fibers.

A separate group presents more powerful devices that work with concrete. Manufacturers offer for such tasks and hand-held perforators, and massive units, reminiscent of machines. The features of such equipment include increased productivity and the ability to form large niches in the walls of any complexity. Performing tasks the tool for drilling holes in concrete can thanks to a special tooling, which is most often represented by diamond cutting elements.

Tools for working with wood

In such works, a spiral drill is usually used as part of a mechanical drill. With the help of such a set, it is possible to qualitatively process not only wooden blanks, but also plastic with thin metal. Depending on the requirements for the hole parameters, the appropriate drill size is selected.

In this category, you can also select several types of work items. For example, to get niches of large diameter using a nozzle nozzle, and for small lumens it is more advantageous to use screw or screw devices. Regardless of the type, the tool for drilling holes in the tree provides a special cutting scheme. The fact is that the cutting edges so process the fibers of the material, that the formed particles with sawdust are taken out along the screw grooves and do not interfere with the further process.

Perforation as a kind of drilling

It has already been noted that construction often requires the creation of holes a few centimeters in diameter. Of course, there are exceptions. But perforation does involve working with a tool that provides an accuracy of about 0.25 mm. In such operations, drills are used, the diameter of which varies on average from 4 to 8 mm. The perforation itself is one of the ways to create small, but difficult to configure holes in large quantities.

Usually a round is used, but a rectangular treatment scheme is also found. The target material is paper and cardboard sheets folded in bundles, and a tool for drilling holes of this type represents a separate group. In general, for such tasks, special knives are used, differing in size, shape of the carvers, perforation steps and other parameters. The drills used have a cutting edge along the outer edge. This makes it possible to make precise holes along the entire length of the channel.

Tools for metal

The creation of holes in metal workpieces can also be performed by punching machines. Usually such a tool is used in working with a sheet of soft material. For thick blanks, special machines or electric drills are often used. Often there is a need to expand existing holes or just upper parts. Such depressions may be required for the further screwing of bolts, screws and screws with masking of the heads. For this, either special drills with appropriate nozzles or a tool for countersink are used.

A special feature of working with metal is the use of machine clamps that fix the workpiece. For wood, such equipment is not necessary. So, the workpiece is fastened between the jaws by rotating a special screw. If, in combination with the vise, a tool is used to drill holes in the metal in the form of a machine, the fixing device can be fixed directly to the working platform. But that is not all. Some models of drilling machines include the provision of fixing mechanisms with convenient devices for adjusting the position of the workpiece.

Tool for drilling concrete

In the processing of concrete and brick walls, equipment is used in the form of electric, hydraulic and other drilling rigs with impact effect. As already noted, the initial level of this group is a perforator. But also modern electric drills in some versions have the option of connecting shock impact. Another thing is that the power of such models will be enough only for one-time operations with thin walls. The most demanded is diamond drilling holes in concrete. The tool for performing such measures, in essence, is the machine to which the motor is connected.

Three features can be attributed to the peculiarities of such aggregates. Firstly, it is a high-strength construction with a casing, which provides reliable installation of equipment in the place of performance of working actions. Secondly, there is a power drive, which determines the ability of quite small cutters to perform complex drilling operations. Thirdly, these are crowns and drills, which in themselves are represented by high-strength diamond parts that require cooling during operation.

Diamond drilling technology

There are several varieties of drilling machines that implement the technology of diamond cutting. The most common electromotor. Its equipment includes two engines. Direct processing is carried out under the influence of about 3 thousand beats per minute. In this case, the second engine rotates the diamond drill itself, whose speed is adjusted by the user in accordance with the requirements for the result. Depending on the applied crown and the power potential available to the installation, the operator can expect to receive a hole in the range of 30-160 mm.

Of course, such high performance characteristics are stipulated by the corresponding investments, which are required by diamond drilling holes in concrete. The instrument, whose price is 100-150 thousand rubles, can be attributed to the initial level. The average and most widespread segment are installations with a power of about 2.4 kW, capable of forming holes of about 40-250 mm. Such equipment can be purchased already for 200-250 thousand.

Drilling instruction

Work begins with the preliminary marking of the working area where drilling will be performed. Depending on the instrument, the designation of the cutting point can be carried out using a pencil, marker or by means of a core. Further preparation is carried out. At this stage, you should check the integrity of the housing, the reliability of fixing the work element. And if we are talking about an electric model, then we need to evaluate the quality of the network connection. When the hole drilling tool is ready for operation, you can start the operation. Experts do not recommend excessive efforts to provide mechanical impact on the workpiece. Especially when it comes to wood.

Ways to prevent overheating of the drill

A powerful and productive tool, as a rule, is equipped with automatic means of supplying water to the cutting head. This allows you to protect the equipment from overheating and extend the life of the same crowns. However, the tool for drilling holes does not always provide for such technological solutions in the construction. This usually applies to machines that work with diamond elements, which quickly enter the high-temperature stage. In other cases, for example, when working with a perforator, it is recommended to provide a container with cold water separately. The liquid can be used to wet the nozzle as the work is done.

Tips for drilling different materials

In working with wood it is worth using a mechanical hand tool in the form of a drill or a swivel. Usually the left palm presses the stop, and the second hand the operator rotates the handle. The direction of motion is clockwise. As the process is completed, the pressure should be reduced, which will allow the formation of the maximum smooth cut along the edges. Working with metal is largely simplified by using automatic machines. In this case, the user only needs to properly install the workpiece in the vice and adjust the machine to the appropriate drilling parameters. The main work with diamond drills falls to the stage of preparation. Reliable fixation and adjustment of cutting elements is the main thing that requires a user to drill a hole in concrete.

Types of attachments for such equipment are very widely represented and differ in different ways. Therefore, it is important to determine this part of the training. Diamond drills exist in sizes from 8 to 16 mm in diameter. Depending on the requirements for the hole, one or another nozzle is selected. Further, the characteristics of the drill are taken into account in terms of the ability to cut concrete. Manufacturers produce such elements specifically for working with concrete brands M250-M500.

Conclusion

The work on creating holes is one of the most common operations in the process of household repairs. For example, drilling holes with a diamond tool allows you to get the channels in the walls necessary for laying the pipeline. Electric drills of medium power provide the possibility of conditioning networks, and high-precision drills allow the organization of fine lines of electrical wiring. A tool is used for drilling in other areas, including the production of products with perforations or the formation of technical apertures in construction materials.