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The word with the suffix "ik". Spelling of words with suffixes "ik"

Words with the suffixes -ek - / - ik- always cause a lot of questions for schoolchildren. Moreover, not every adult person knows in which cases one or another morpheme is written. That's why we decided to dedicate this article to this topic.

General information

Name 2 words with the suffix -ik-. It should be noted that it is not difficult to do this, but only if you know the basic rule of the Russian language, which explains the spelling of the letters "and" and "e" in this morpheme. After all, some people constantly make the same mistakes, and instead of "key" they write "key", instead of "bush" - "bush", "ball" - "balls" and so on. That is why in the school curriculum this topic is given special attention.

When should I put the letter "and"?

And what words with the suffixes -ek - / - ik-you know? These include the following: a sofa, a granddaughter, a son, a brick, peas, a knife, a pencil, a bell, a leaf, a ball, a hammer, a flower, a leaf, a bush, a little flame, a whistle, a stalk, a key, a boy, a nose, a cucumber, a chair, a finger , A piece, a face, a bag, a ball, a handkerchief, a tart, a bridge, a kalachik, a plane, a cog, a bow, a rain, a nutlet, a garden, a kitten, etc.

As you can see, every mentioned word with the suffix -ik- causes big doubts about its correct spelling. After all, this morpheme stands in an unstressed position, and therefore it is impossible to determine which vowel to put at the end - "and" or "e" (and maybe "o"?). That is why we recommend you read the relevant rules of the Russian language.

The basic rule

The word with the suffix -ik- should be written only if, under its declension, the vowel "and" is preserved. For clarity, we give specific examples:

  • Pencil - pencil;
  • Sofa-sofa;
  • Cucumber - cucumber;
  • Kalachik - kalachika;
  • Bush - bush;
  • Nose - nose;
  • High chair - stool;
  • Finger - finger;
  • The little face;
  • The boy is a boy;
  • Key - key;
  • Ball - ball;
  • Airplane - airplane;
  • Leaf - sheet;
  • Screw - screw;
  • Bow - bow;
  • Bridge - bridge;
  • Brick - brick;
  • Rain - rain;
  • Garden - garden, etc.

When should I put the letter "e"?

About how you can check the word with the suffix -ik-, we told a little bit earlier. However, it should be noted that in the Russian language, there are often such lexical units that have a morpheme -ek-. And in order to make sure that the letter "e" is actually written in these words, they are also recommended to decline. If it is runaway (that is, it drops out), then you should put only the suffix -ec-.

Here are some illustrative examples:

  • Bell - bell;
  • Granddaughters - grandchildren;
  • A fire - a fire;
  • Peas - peas;
  • Knives - knives;
  • A lump - a lump;
  • Whistles - whistles;
  • Hammer - hammer;
  • Leaflets - leaves ChKa;
  • Nutlet - walnut;
  • Son - a son of a Chick;
  • Stalk - a stalk;
  • A piece is a piece of chicken;
  • The bag is a bag;
  • Flower - flower;
  • Handkerchief - Plateau;
  • A tart - a cake;
  • Kitten - kitten and others.

As you can see, it is fairly easy to determine which word is written with the suffix -ik-, and which-with the suffix -ek-. By the way, such morphemes in Russian are called alternating. Unlike the immutable, their spelling depends on certain situations (in this case, on the preservation of the vowel when the word is declined).

Nouns with the suffix -ok-

Above we considered words with the suffix -ik-. -Ok- is also a morpheme for nouns. However, during the word formation such a suffix does not raise any doubts. What is the reason for this? The fact is that the represented morpheme almost always takes a shock position. As a result, the letter "o" in the suffix -oc- is heard as clearly as possible. For clarity, we give a few examples:

  • cam;
  • Wolf;
  • son;
  • a hammer;
  • Arrow;
  • Rooster;
  • Fool;
  • Birch;
  • Melok;
  • Nobility;
  • Snow;
  • hook;
  • TerEmOk and others.

Suffixes -ec- and -oc- after pinching consonants

About what words with the suffix -ik-, -ek- and -ok- exist, you know. However, here a new question arises: "In which cases in the last two morphemes after sibilants, should the letter" e "be put, and in which" o "?" After all, it is quite difficult to determine how it will be right: a rooster or a cockerel. What is the reason for this? The point is that during the pronunciation of such lexical units both the letter "e" and the letter "o" after the sibilant consonants are heard as [o].

The rule for spelling the vowels "e" and "o" after the sibilants

If the stress suffers from the suffix after the sibilant consonant, then only morpheme -oc- should be written. Here is an illustrative example:

  • Birch;
  • Rooster;
  • cam;
  • Wolf;
  • Muzhik;
  • Wolf;
  • Old man;
  • Worm;
  • SapozhOk;
  • Fool;
  • bounce;
  • KosyachOk;
  • son;
  • Snow;
  • Hook and others.

As for the suffix -ec-, it is placed only in words in which the stress does not fall on it, and if such a lexical unit loses a vowel at the time of declension.

For clarity, we give an example:

  • NOzhichek
  • Oreshek
  • VnUchek;
  • Goroshok;
  • Ringing;
  • Komochki;
  • hammer;
  • SheetPoint;
  • Ogonechok;
  • Whistles;
  • SonOchek;
  • ColorPoint;
  • Stalk;
  • a piece;
  • Meshes;
  • Igrazhek;
  • Payment cards;
  • PirozhZochek;
  • Kitten and others.

Ways of forming words with the suffix -ok-

How are such words formed? Nouns with the suffix -uk - / - ek- arise by adding a morpheme to the basis of the word. As a result, we get a new lexical unit, but in a diminutive way (for example, a sofa, a ball, a granddaughter, a leaflet, a hammer, a bell, etc.). As for the suffix -oc-, it gives a somewhat different meaning:

  • The diminution, accompanied by the expression of affection (we will give an example: a chicken, a brother, a seedling, a fungus, a leaf, etc.).
  • Action (give an example: a yawn, a throw, a kick, a sip, a jerk, a smear, a jerk, a jump, a slap, a jump, a click, a cotton, etc.).
  • The subject, or rather the result of the action (we will give an example: a fragment, a skein, a stump, a sketch, a cast, an imprint, a stitch, a settlement, settlement, etc.).
  • The object, or rather the instrument of action (we will give an example: a whistle, a bell, a whistle, etc.).
  • The subject, or rather the subject of the action (for example, the float, the engine, the germ, etc.).
  • Place of action (skating rink).
  • A diminutive or caressing or only caressing value (for example, Ninok, Vityok, Lidok, Igoryok, Sashok, etc.).
  • The person who produces the action (for example, the rider, the eater, the shooter, the player, the walker, etc.).
  • A person who arises as a result of an action (for example, a premature baby, a geek, an overgrowth, a low-income, a teenager, etc.).
  • Persons characterized by quality, which is contained in a motivating word (for example, an ancestor, a descendant, etc.).
  • An item characterized by a feature that is called a motivating adjective (for example, wild, white, yolk, etc.).
  • A substance that is called a motivating noun (for example, chalk).
  • A unit that stands out in the names of nouns and denotes a group of identical objects. At the same time, there are exactly as many as are called the motivating numeral name (for example, heels, tens, etc.).

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