The system of financial law

In order to better understand what the system of financial law is, you need to understand the concept of "finance", which is key within this topic. So, in the economic literature, as well as in the legal science, the concept of "finance" can have two meanings. According to the first, finance is the aggregate of certain economic relations that usually arise in the distribution and further use of various monetary funds. The second meaning is defined by finance as the totality of monetary funds mobilized by the state power for a number of tasks.

Thus, finance is viewed not as money, but as a relationship between people when dealing with them. Finance is a means of distributing the national income, controlling the distribution of the country's money, and stimulating the development of the country.

The norms of law that regulate financial activity are grouped into a number of legal institutions, on which, in fact, this structure of the legal system is based. Institutions are called interrelated groups of legal norms that govern social relations within the form of law.

Since financial legal norms are established by the state, the system of financial law consists of 2 parts - a common part and a special one.

The general part includes the rules regulating and describing the general forms, principles and methods of financial activity, the system of state bodies that carry out this activity, the legal status of the bodies and the situation of the subjects of financial relations. The issues related to the management of financial control and the principles that underlie foreign institutes of financial law are also relevant to the general part.

In particular, the institutions of financial law are described in a clear sequence. It is established here that the main is the institute of budget law. It is the budget system that accumulates all the major state financial resources that support the activities of the authorities. There are also extra-budgetary funds, which also refer to centralized finance. Note that the legal institutions that regulate relations in this area are considered to be the main ones and stand out against the background of other financial and legal institutions.

Since the system of financial law is based on the budget, that is, the state's revenues and expenditures, there is an institution in this area, the institution of state revenues. He has rules that regulate the tax relations of individuals and legal entities. State revenues include institutions that combine legal and financial rules, regulate decentralized monetary funds, as well as regulations relating to state insurance and lending.

In order for the financial system of the state to function normally, it is necessary not only to accumulate revenues in money funds, but also to spend them competently. So, the next legal institution is the institution of state spending, which includes bank lending, budget financing, public debt and insurance.

Since financial activity is based on monetary circulation, the currency legislation has a great importance in the system of financial law.

Summarizing, it should be noted that the system of financial law - a kind of reflection of the existing in the state single financial system. In its general part, the main phenomena and concepts of state financial activity, specific features of legal norms in financial relations, financial and legal institutions are fixed. The special part characterizes these institutions in a certain sequence. The principles of financial law are the basis for studying discipline and conducting financial activities in the state.