Gas equipment of 4 generations: advantages and disadvantages

More recently, 4-generation gas equipment has become widespread. It is much more efficient than the previous systems, since it allows to control the operation of the engine, being guided by the readings of the sensors. It is worth noting that such equipment is used on cars with an injection system of injection. Firstly, there is a need for calibration, which is performed on the basis of data obtained from regular petrol injectors. Secondly, the work involved a lot of sensors - air flow, throttle position, detonation, speed, and others.

Advantages of gas-cylinder equipment

It is necessary to highlight the distinctive features of the fourth generation of HBOs that characterize the positive qualities, in comparison with the previous systems:

• Fuel consumption (gas) is minimal due to the use of microcontroller control system of equipment operation;
• The engine loses much less power - no more than 1-2%, if compared with the early systems, then they allowed a reduction in the power of the power unit by up to 30%;
• The car equipped with the 4th generation HBO complies with the Euro-2, Euro-3 and Euro-4 toxicity standards;
• When the engine is operating on gas fuel, there are no claps characteristic of earlier systems;
• The electronic unit of the 4th generation HBO system is fully compatible with the self-diagnostics of the on-board EOBD network, without the need for additional emulators;
• During the installation of equipment it is impossible to make mistakes, the operation is carried out quite simply due to the fact that all the wiring connections are executed in the form of various connectors, they can not be confused, so the risk of incorrect connection is excluded;
• The price of equipment with a microprocessor control system is almost equal to the cost of outdated equipment equipped with a controller with a lambda probe.

Disadvantages of HBO

Without defects, no system works. If to compare with gasoline, natural gas has one minus, which is the main one - the heat of combustion is much less. For this reason, the useful power of the engine falls - in the first generations up to 30%, in the 4th and 5th - 2-3%, but, depending on the type of fuel used, the power drop can reach a maximum value of 5%. The gas equipment of 4 generations (the price of a new set - about 20 thousand rubles) can be installed on any cars, while the power loss is minimal.

For normal operation of the system, in order to reduce the power drop, set the ignition a little earlier (about five degrees). The reasonableness of this action is debatable. Firstly, it is allowed to do this if the car's engine runs on gasoline with an octane rating above 95. This is done in order not to carry out the ignition adjustment when switching fuel types. But in these cases, the use of octane-correctors is quite possible. However, not every car octane-proofreader and gas equipment of 4 generations, reviews about which almost all positive, will be able to function normally.

Secondly, studies show that when feeding with natural gas requires a later ignition at high engine speeds. If you compare with gasoline, then in case of its use, the ignition should be installed later. Among the "small" shortcomings, we can distinguish one more - a large balloon in the trunk (as a rule, it is there that it is installed). Extremely uncomfortable if you use a car for the carriage of goods. But there are cylinders of toroidal form, repeating the contours of the spare wheel.

The main components of HBO 4 generation

A cylinder is used to store compressed gas. Certain requirements are imposed on it - tightness, reliability, durability. To use the gas cylinder on the car you need a permit. It can be issued only by specialists who have a license for this procedure. Since the injection of gas occurs under a pressure that is less than that in the tank, it is necessary to reduce it. For this purpose a reducer is used. In methane plants, they have two stages of pressure reduction, and in propane-butane one is enough. The reason is that in the first case, the pressure in the cylinder can reach a value of up to 200 atmosfer, in the second - up to 16.

Gas nozzles are necessary for fuel injection into combustion chambers. They are connected to a reducer-evaporator. The whole system is controlled by means of an electronic filling - the computer, which works thanks to a microprocessor. It is embedded firmware, which provides work according to a pre-designed algorithm. Gas equipment of 4 generations has an advantage over the earlier ones - the choice of fuel is automatic, without the participation of the driver. To do this, it only requires that you set the gas-gasoline switch to the first position.

How does the computer work?

In operation, all data that is received from the sensors is read. In particular, the analysis of the signals coming from the lambda probes is made - one is installed before the catcollector, the second is after. One is basic, the other is corrective. All parameters read from the sensors are input to the microprocessor. But here there is a small problem - the signal level of some readers is large, and the others - too small. Matching devices are used to match the sensors and input ports of the microcontroller.

For example, temperature sensors made on the basis of thermistors, output 12 volts. To the microcontroller should not bring more than 5 volts. For this purpose, voltage dividers are used , based on resistors and diodes. Unfortunately, recently the gas equipment of the 4th generation, whose price has increased, due to the increase in the dollar and euro rates, has a high cost in many respects because of the high cost of the electronic control unit. If it was worth 5-7 thousand rubles a couple of years ago, now it is hardly cheaper than 10 thousand rubles. It's about new devices. Connecting the same sensors, which have a low signal level, is carried out by means of cascades on operational amplifiers, bipolar or field-effect transistors.

conclusions

You can summarize - a lot of money will help save gas equipment 4 generations. Its installation is simple, it takes about half a working day at the SRT, and the price is about 2500-3500 rubles. But you should look at how actively you use your car. If for a year the mileage is less than 30 thousand kilometers, then it will be very long to pay off the HBO. If there is a large run, then for a year, and sometimes less, installation of equipment from the financial side will justify itself.