The structure of the human foot: bones and joints

The legs give the person a sense of stability, confidence. The expression "to stand firmly on your feet" refers not only to physical, but also psychological health. So nature has conceived: the structure of a man's leg is amazing. She gave the legs the largest bones in the body, because they have to withstand the strongest loads - the weight of the whole body. And if a person is overweight, then the load on his legs increases significantly.

The structure of the legs is quite complicated. First, these are the three large bones of the pelvic region. These include the pubic, ischium and iliac bones, which at about the age of eighteen, fused, turn into the acetabulum - the foundation for the trunk and support for the legs, because this includes the head of the femur. Femur can support a lot of weight, comparable, for example, to the weight of a car. The femur ends with the knee joint.

Describing the structure of the foot, it is necessary to tell about the amazing functions of the knee joint. There are many joints in the human body, but the knee joint is the most complex and the most durable of all. The calyx of the knee joint is associated only with the femur. The shin bone abuts the joint, but it does not touch the calyx. Thanks to this perfect mechanism a person can walk, run, crouch.

After examining the structure of the foot, it can be found that it consists of twenty-six bones that make up not only the phalanx of the fingers, but also form two vaults above the sole. All the bones of the foot are in a longitudinal arrangement, they are dynamic and give the foot such flexibility, as if it were a spring in a technical device. If the foot does not spring, then its main function is broken. Such a violation is called platypodia. Flat feet are shown in that there is no bone arch above the sole.

Considering the bone structure of the foot, it is necessary to pay attention to the cartilage. Thanks to them the joints are protected from overload and friction. Covered cartilage heads of bones slide, because they are elastic, and the synovial fluid produced by their membrane serves as a lubricant preserving the joint mechanism in a healthy state. The lack of this fluid limits the person in movement. In some cases, the cartilage may also harden. In this case, the motor function of the joint is completely broken and the bones begin to coalesce. This can not be allowed, it is necessary to prevent such a phenomenon, so as not to lose mobility in the joints.

In conclusion, pay attention to the ligaments. Bundles are very strong joints, by means of which the position of the joint is fixed. In whatever position the joint passes, the ligaments support it. With excessive loads, they sometimes break. This is very painful. The restoration of ligaments takes much longer than the splicing of bone fractures. To maintain ligaments in a healthy state, a person should regularly perform exercises that heat and strengthen them.

Tendons, although similar to ligaments, serve for fixing muscles and bones, so we will consider that the structure of the leg, or rather, of its bones, we considered in full.