The most famous painting by Aleksey Gavrilovich Venetsianov: name, description. Pictures of Venetsianov

AG Venetsianov (1780 - 1847) - an artist of the Russian school, who studied with VL. Borovikovsky and received the title of academician, when in 1811 he completed the contest program - "Portrait of K.I. Golovachevsky. "

Brief information about the paintings

Initially, living in St. Petersburg, Alexei Venetsianov specialized in portraiture. These were custom-made works, and "for themselves." These works have been known to us since 1801. For twenty years he was executed 18 portraits. But, having married, leaving Petersburg and having moved to the Tver province, the artist began to write genre scenes from peasant life. It was these works that brought the painter a universal recognition. Its heyday refers to the 20 - 30 years of the 19 century. The most famous were the paintings "Reapers," "Sleeping Shepherd" and "Zakharka." Alexei Venetsianov began to work without imitating the masters, whose works he saw in the Hermitage, but depicting life as he saw, and in the open air. This was a revolution in his work and innovation of that time.

"In the plowed field. Spring"

The picture shows simple rural everyday life - a peasant woman harrows a plowed field. The day is clear and warm. The fields are spacious. The course of a woman is unhurried. She walks barefoot, which has a sacred meaning. The land is divinely fertile, it can not be stepped on by boots, it should be treated with love, only then it will yield a harvest. The young woman herself - a living embodiment of spring and fertility - gazes tenderly at her baby, playing with plain yellow and blue flowers. The earthly and the divine merge into one whole. And it would seem, what a simple plot - on a plowed field, spring - was taken by a master, and what a complicated meaning was put into it.

"Shepherdess with a pipe"

In the Tver Regional Art Gallery there is a work written on a tree - "Shepherd Dog with a Horn". Running for the day the little boy lies in a reverie and rests. A bare foot is smeared with earth. The tenderness of his age is compared with a young birch, near which he is located. In a modest little bag at hand was food. Now, it seems, the knapsack is emptied, and the boy with natural grace is leaning on her. His hands have not yet coarsened and disfigured the work. What future awaits the child? You reflect on it, looking at it. He will repeat the path of his grandfathers and fathers, no more. And who knows what talents are hidden in it?

"Sleeping cowherd boy"

This innovative painting, filled with different tones and therefore alive. The plot is simple. The sleeping teenager leaned back against the birch tree. Behind him flows a river, the banks of which are covered with soft grass. On the other side of the river there is a girl on the water with a yoke on her shoulder. If you look closely, you can see the left part of the back, apparently a fisherman. And before us opened their expanses of meadows and fields. Slowly the long warm summer day is dragging on. This everlasting Russia rises in the hills and copses in the distance. The landscape is merged with people. They, and people, and nature, are natural, like life itself, because the artist worked in an open air, which was then not accepted.

Another child portrait

Painting Venetsianova "Here is the one and the Fatherland dinner!" Conquers at first sight. In thoughtfulness over an empty bouncer, two men sit: a boy of about five or six, and his faithful friend is a fluffy dog that looks sweetly into his face. A barefooted little boy in a white shirt and a white dog are two bright spots in the picture. The entire background corresponds to the sad mood of the child, who propped his face with his hand, it is dark. It is impossible not to sympathize with the grief of the remaining hungry, perhaps not for the first time a couple. The children of the peasants first appear on Russian paintings only at Venetsianov.

"Gumno"

You can not talk about an artist without mentioning the work created in 1821 and becoming for him a new stage. It depicts a large long room intended for laying down bread (it is piled with a hill in the center) and threshing it. The canvas shows sitting, resting peasants and those who continue to work. And also carts, horses. Everything accommodates a huge barn. It is very unusual. In the foreground - not bright, in the center through a window the stream of light penetrates, and at the end of a shed through an open door the bright light from street which too is visible is poured in. The prospect is difficult to build. With the help of light, which has already been said, and by reducing the figures and objects in the background. This is promoted by sex. Very interesting are the figures of the peasants, who, sitting, leaned against the logs of the threshing floor. Amazing and colorful decision - golden brown, festive. This picture of Venetsianov was exhibited at an exhibition in 1824 and was very much liked by Alexander I, who bought it. The Academy accepted it coldly, since the topic was far from sublime.

"Morning of the landowner"

This picture Venetsianova is a genre scene, which depicts everyday life: early morning, the hostess in a house dress and cap is sitting on a chair at the table. The furniture corresponds to the time, it is made of mahogany. Light falls from the window from the back of the landowner, her face is not clearly visible, but her silhouette is clearly visible. The floor and the screen are well lit. The screen and the table divide the space of the canvas, allowing you to pay attention to the three figures and flax, which, tied, lies on the floor. The room in which the distribution of flax occurs is small, the interior behind the hostess is completely buried in the shade, deepening the space of the picture. The atmosphere is full of tranquility. Two peasant women listen to the instructions of their mistress and hold themselves with dignity. The picture of Venetsianov generalizes the everyday scene, typifying it.

Reapers

Venetsianov wrote on the theme of harvest several paintings: "Peasant with butterflies," "In the harvest," and several more. Having well developed this motive, he built the composition of the new canvas. Painting Venetsianova "Reapers" peeped in life, when the artist wandered through the fields with etudnikom. Mother and son graciously admire the beauty of the butterflies crouching on the wrist. Son from behind his back prinik to his mother and does not take his eyes off the variegated graceful beauties. Mother does not move, so as not to frighten them away. The boy is a living copy of Zakharka, maybe this is it, too much portrait resemblance. Both figures stand close to the viewer. They are given close-up. Mother tilted her head to the little boy. On her face, you can see a little fatigue and caress for the child. She wrote out a sarafan, a white shirt, a headscarf, and beads, and a thin ring-all noted, admiring this pair, the artist. And two sickles can be closed in a circle that frames the heroes.

Conclusion

In his village, the artist-innovator created a school for capable serfs of peasant children. The most outstanding student named Sorok he wanted to redeem, but the host disagreed and decided to make a gardener out of him. As a result, the young artist hanged himself. In this difficult situation our first singer of peasant life worked. Moreover, the Academy of Arts did not approve of his activities - too "simple" and "artless" was the landscape and the plot of the paintings by Venetsianov. The artist died at the age of 67, unable to cope with the management of the horses, who carried him and beat him to death. During his life he wrote 85 works, which are mostly in the museums of Moscow and St. Petersburg.