The flag and emblem of the RSFSR. How is the RSFSR deciphered?

The coat of arms and the flag are the invariable symbols of any modern state. Rudiments of heraldry appeared in antiquity, in the Middle Ages it became the property of every noble house, and in the New Time it was firmly entrenched as an obligatory attribute of all countries of the world.

In terms of the availability of its own symbols, the RSFSR was not an exception - the state entity that existed from 1917 to 1991. It was the forerunner of the modern Russian Federation. But, before considering the attributes of this republic, let's see what it was. How is the RSFSR deciphered?

RSFSR - Republic of the Soviet Union

The birth of the RSFSR can be attributed to 1917, when after the victory in the October Revolution in the country came to power the Bolsheviks. True, initially the name of the new state was somewhat different - the Russian Soviet Republic (RSR) or the Russian Federative Republic (RFR). The name of the RSFSR was officially fixed on July 19, 1918, after the Constitution came into force. Then a large number of other innovations were introduced. For example, in the same year 1918 the capital of the RSFSR was replaced. She moved from Petrograd to Moscow.

Since 1922, Russia, along with other republics, became part of the USSR, where it remained until its collapse in 1991. This ended the period of the RSFSR, the era of the Russian Federation began. It lasts until today.

Explanation of the abbreviation of the RSFSR

But how is the RSFSR deciphered? Since 1918, this abbreviation was read as the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic. In 1936 the word order was changed. Since then, the name has been deciphered as the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic.

State flag

One of the main symbols of the state is the national flag. It is with this attribute that first of all any country is associated. During the period of its existence, the state flag of the RSFSR underwent several significant modifications.

Flag of the post-revolutionary time

Immediately after the Bolshevik revolution, the absolutely red banner claimed the role of the national flag without additional images and inscriptions on it. True, this fact was not fixed by any official document.

The Constitution, adopted in 1918, indicated that the state flag of the country would be the red cloth, in the upper left corner of which is embroidered with golden letters the inscription "RSFSR". A more accurate description of the alleged banner in the main law of the country at that time was not.

In 1920, in a resolution of the Presidium of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee, a more detailed description was given. In particular, it was pointed out that the inscription "RSFSR" should be framed by a golden rectangle. This form was valid until 1937.

The Banner of the Stalin Age

The adoption of the new Constitution in 1937 brought some corrections to the national flag of the RSFSR. The development of the new version was done by a talented artist Milkin AN In particular, the golden frame was removed, and the font of writing letters was changed from stylized to Old Slavic to ordinary ones. This form of the flag was officially used for seventeen years, including during the Great Patriotic War.

Flag (1954 - 1991)

In 1954 the official banner of the RSFSR was radically revised. For the embodiment of the new project, the artist V.P. Viktorov undertook. Now the flag included the official symbols of the USSR - a hammer and sickle, as well as a five-pointed star, which were located in the upper left edge. In addition, there was a light blue strip near the flagpole. The main background of the flag remained unchanged red. All the inscriptions from the cloth have disappeared.

This official version of the banner lasted much longer than the others (37 years) and was replaced only in 1991 by the flag of the Russian Federation.

National emblem

Along with the flag, the most important national symbolism is the coat of arms. This attribute has entered modern heraldry since the Middle Ages. The RSFSR also had its own coat of arms, and during its existence it underwent no less changes than the flag.

First stamp of the RSFSR

The emblem of the RSFSR began to be developed from the beginning of 1918 by a special commission. Immediately appeared a large number of proposals. Most of all, the commission commissioned the version of the artist Alexander Leo. In his execution, the emblem represented an image in the center of which were placed a crossed sickle, a hammer and a sword. Below, there should be an inscription: "The Council of People's Commissars." But Lenin proposed to abandon the sword, rather than to emphasize the peaceful character of the future communist society. He also expressed a desire to replace the inscription with the motto: "Workers of all countries, unite".

In the final version, the emblem of the RSFSR of 1918 was a symbol in the form of a circle, on which were depicted crossed sickle and hammer on a red shield in the rays of the rising sun and framed with grain ears.

Coat of arms (1925 - 1978)

Already in 1920 it was decided to improve the emblem of the RSFSR. Immediately on this were started work, headed by the artist NA Andreev. First of all, the full inscription "The Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic" was replaced by an abbreviation. In addition, the coat of arms ceased to have an absolutely round shape, the ears framed it completely, and not just a red shield with a sickle and a hammer. Some other smaller graphical changes were made.

Finally, this form was fixed in the Constitution of 1925. In this form, the arms almost unchanged existed until the collapse of the Soviet Union. The exception was one small, but important detail, which will be discussed below.

Another change of coat of arms

In 1978, a new Constitution was introduced. In connection with its adoption, it was decided to bring the emblem of the RSFSR to the all-Union standard. This was expressed in the addition of just one detail, namely the five-pointed star in the upper part of the shield, in the place where the grain ears were closed.

No more changes in the symbols until the collapse of the USSR was carried out. But even after the creation of the independent Russian Federation, the emblem of the RSFSR served as the basis for its attributes until December 1993, when the two-headed eagle was adopted as a state symbol . Until then, the only difference between the emblem of the new state and the coat of arms of the union republic was only a change of inscription with the name of the country in the upper part of the shield. Nevertheless, in the heraldry of the modern Russian state, absolutely nothing remained from the Soviet times.

Results

Over the years of the existence of the RSFSR as an integral part of the Soviet Union, the flag and coat of arms of this state entity have experienced significant external changes. This was due to the desire to bring the symbolism of individual republics closer to the all-Union standards. It should be noted the prevailing importance of the attributes of the communist movement in the elements of the emblem and the flag of the RSFSR.