The drug "Singlon": instructions for use, reviews

The modern person throughout his life is accompanied by such negative factors as frequent stress, poor nutrition, poor environmental conditions. And if a healthy person with a high degree of probability would cope with the negative impact of each of them separately, then the simultaneous influence of all of them can cause a lot of complex diseases in human beings, which with great difficulty give in to treatment. But there are also such diseases, for a complete cure of which modern high-tech medicine has not yet created effective medicines. A vivid example of such "human suffering" is bronchial asthma. With regard to this disease, one can speak about the existence of medicines intended for therapy that improves the quality of life and prevention. One such is the preparation "Singlon".

In the rhythm of breathing

In general, bronchial asthma is a kind of allergy to certain components of the human environment. The disease has been accompanying people since ancient times. The fate of a person suffering from such an ailment was unenviable. Only at the beginning of the 20th century people began to develop knowledge in the field of allergology, and then the relationship of allergic manifestations and asthma was revealed.

Modern medicine for the treatment of bronchial asthma uses two types of drugs. The first include the drugs of basic therapy, which affect the mechanism of the disease and enable them to keep under control its course, to minimize the risk of seizures. The second group of drugs is symptomatic drugs, the main purpose of which is arresting an attack. The need for medicines of the second group can be considered an indicator of the quality of therapeutic therapy: the better the basic drug is chosen, the less often there is a need for the use of symptomatic drugs.

"Singlon" with allergies (bronchial asthma - a kind of allergy) specialists are appointed as an alternative or additional medicine in those cases when the patient suffers from asthma of mild or moderate severity. Also, with this drug, a doctor can replace low doses of corticosteroids in patients with mild asthma.

Indications for use

The main sphere of influence of Singlon is bronchial asthma. And experts recommend taking the drug both in the course of the treatment course, and in the stage of remission. In addition, the medication can be prescribed to those people who suffer from hypersensitivity or even intolerance to acetylsalicylic acid ("aspirin" asthma). Effective drug for the prevention of bronchospasm of physical effort.

As an additional therapy, "Singlon" instruction can be used in cases where persistent asthma (severity - easy and medium) is ineffective controlled by first aid means, such as inhaled glucocorticosteroids and short-acting β-agonists.

The essence of the "work" of the drug is that it is able to block bronchospasm by reducing the activity of bronchial peristalsis, which reduces the likelihood of an attack. Despite the fact that Singlon is absorbed (analogues of it behave differently in this respect) quickly enough, it is considered to be a prolonged-action medication. Simply put, he works and performs his "duties" in the human body for many hours.

Composition and existing forms of output

The drug "Singlon" is produced by manufacturers in the form of chewing tablets. The main active ingredient is sodium montelukast. As auxiliary constituents are mannitol, magnesium stearate, aspartame, giprolose. In addition, the "Singlon" includes cherry flavor.

Coated tablets of the drug are made round, biconvex. Produced in three dosages. For patients from 15 years of age and older, the necessary dose of "Singlon" medication is 10 mg. Instructions for people suffering from bronchial asthma, regulates daily at the end of the day to take 1 chewable tablet with a dosage of 10 mg (before meals or after - anyway). However, in some cases, the doctor may prescribe as a daily dose and 2 tablets.

Also, manufacturers produce a drug in a dosage of 4 and 5 mg. Presence of a medicament in such doses makes it possible to use Singlon for children. Babies from 2 to 5 years of age prescribe the administration of chewable tablets in a dosage of 4 mg. For the treatment of bronchial asthma and the prevention of exacerbations, older children (6 to 14 years) should take the drug in a dosage of 5 mg. The standard scheme of therapeutic therapy with tablets of both dosages (4 and 5 mg) - once, in the evening for 1 hour before meals or 2 hours after eating.

Possible adverse reactions

In general, the drug "Singlon" reviews has a positive focus. However, small patients and their parents say that sometimes there are side effects from taking medications, which are expressed in nausea and mild vomiting, dry mouth, short-term suffocation attacks. Experts attribute such manifestations to the reaction of adaptation of the organism to the "Singlon". Usually, 3-4 days after the start of the admission, all these symptoms pass.

Medical workers note a rather high possibility of developing more complex adverse events. Increased tendency to develop bleeding may manifest lymphatic and circulatory system. Propensity to anaphylaxis, hypersensitivity, eosinophilic liver infiltration - these are the possible reactions to taking the drug from the immune system. Systemic eosinophilia can sometimes be accompanied by manifestations of vasculitis and Chang-Strauss syndrome.

There may be some deviations from the CNS, which can manifest themselves in sleep disorders, the appearance of hallucinations, increased activity of psychomotor (irritability, anxiety, aggression, tremor). May provoke tablets "Singlon" (consumer reviews confirm) depression and insomnia. The nervous system can declare itself the appearance of headaches, dizziness, paresthesia (sensation of numbness, crawling crawling , tingling), the appearance of seizures. Disturbances in the work of SSS can manifest as a tachycardia.

The digestive system, as mentioned earlier, can react to the use of "Singlon" in the form of nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, dry mouth. A peculiar reaction from the skin and subcutaneous tissue can be a tendency to bruising, rash, itching, urticaria. The connective tissue and the musculoskeletal system will manifest themselves with arthralgia ("volatile" articular pain in the absence of objective symptoms of joint damage), myalgia (pain in the muscles).

Notes to the preparation "Singlon" instruction and the fact that side effects can be characterized by general abnormalities: malaise, fatigue, thirst, swelling.

Exceeding the maximum possible dose, the consequences

In most cases known to medical specialists of the overdose of the drug "Singlon", no particularly serious side effects were manifested. In a small group of patients, the excess dose of montelukast, the main active ingredient, caused a reaction in the form of abdominal pain, headaches, thirst, nausea, and hyperactivity. There is no information as to whether the drug is being withdrawn by the hemodialysis procedure. There are no specific data on the treatment of overdose with Montelukast. There is also no antidote.

If, for whatever reason, the maximum allowable dose was exceeded and any side effects appeared, the patient should be given symptomatic treatment.

Contraindications to the drug

Contraindication for taking medication is hypersensitivity or individual intolerance to the patient montelukast - the main component of the drug "Singlon". The composition of the auxiliary components can also cause serious health problems in patients who are sensitive to them. Instructions for use categorically prohibit taking the drug to people suffering from severe forms of liver disease, phenylketonuria (a violation of the metabolism of amino acids, mainly phenylalanine).

"Singlon" (4 mg) instruction prohibits taking babies up to two years. Do not administer the drug at a dosage of 5 mg for children under 6 years of age. Well, accordingly, to prescribe the highest dosage of the drug "Singlon" (10 mg), the instruction does not allow children under 15 years of age.

Medication use: general recommendations

The therapeutic effect of the use of the drug "Singlon" (instruction, patient feedback is unanimous) is felt for 24 hours after application. According to the instructions of medical specialists, people should take medicine not only during controlled, calm course of asthma, but also at the stages of exacerbation. For patients suffering from hepatic insufficiency (mild and moderate severity), renal insufficiency does not need to adjust the dosage. Information on people suffering from severe hepatic insufficiency is absent.

The necessary dose of "Singlon" does not depend on the gender of the person. It is inadmissible to take the drug at the same time with some other medicines, in which the main active ingredient is montelukast. If the medication is prescribed as an additional therapy to the inhaled glucocorticosteroids already taken, it is undesirable to replace them sharply with "Singlon". And in general, this drug should not replace other inhaled and oral glucocorticosteroids.

Chewable tablets with a dosage of 4 mg (as with Singlon 5 mg), the instruction recommends as an alternative medicine inhaled corticosteroids used for the treatment of mild asthma. At the same time, "Singlon" in such dosages should not be used as the main drug for the treatment of asthma of moderate severity.

As for children suffering from mild asthma, the use of "Singlon" as an alternative medicine is permissible only in cases where young patients have not recently had severe attacks. Assign it to those who can not use inhaled corticosteroids. If within one month it was not possible to achieve satisfactory control over the disease, it is necessary to consider the possibility of including an additional medication in the treatment course or changing the strategy of anti-inflammatory treatment. Patients suffering from bronchial asthma and taking various drugs for treatment (including Singlon), the instruction prescribes periodic examinations to regulate the control of the disease.

It is important to remember that "Singlon" is not used to relieve acute attacks.

Pregnancy and lactemia

Studies on the use of montelukast by pregnant women have not been conducted. In the world marketing experience, there were cases when babies, whose mothers received montelukast during pregnancy - the main component of the drug "Singlon" (instruction, reviews do not recommend it) - from time to time there were birth defects of limbs. However, it was later found out that these women were taking other medications to treat bronchial asthma. Therefore, it is not possible to speak with certainty about the cause-effect relationships of manifestations of such defects and the use of montelukast. But before appointing a pregnant woman to treat asthma "Singlon", the doctor should carefully evaluate all possible risks to the health of the mother and child.

There is no information as to whether montelukast is excreted in breast milk. Therefore, it is also important to assess the "benefit-risk" ratio.

Pharmacokinetic characteristics of the drug

The instruction attached to the preparation "Singlon" states a fairly quick absorption process. The average bioavailability after application (regardless of food intake) is 64%. The main operating component of "Singlon" is more than 99% associated with plasma proteins. After 24 hours after taking the drug, its concentration in all tissues of the body is minimal. The drug is intensely metabolized. The effect of metabolites on the therapeutic effect of the drug is minimal. 86% of the accepted dose of the drug is excreted from the body through the intestine, the share of participation in the kidney excretion process is less than 0.2%. The maximum dose of the "Singlon" itself and its metabolites is excreted with bile.

Opinion of patients, parents and physicians

Bronchial asthma is a complex chronic and genetically determined disease. Keep it under control is possible only with the use of complex medications. Bronchi of such patients are always ready to develop an attack. And since people are constantly surrounded by allergens, they need to constantly use medicines containing glucocorticoids. These substances have a lot of side effects, which led scientists to start searching for modern remedies.

Montelukast - the main component of the drug "Singlon" (its analogues also contain this substance) may have a different effect on the patient's health. The parents of small patients mostly assess the drug positively as adjunctive therapy. If until recently, this drug could be bought abroad, but now the medicine is available for residents of the Russian Federation. And it is cheaper than outside of Russia. It is possible to assign to young children starting from 2 years: "Singlon" 4 mg instruction allows you to take for symptomatic treatment of babies. Very convenient reception scheme - 1 time per day, preferably in the evening. The use together with a well-selected base preparation allows in many cases to avoid the development of asthma attacks over a long period of time.

Many are interested in whether there are analogues for the "Singlon" medication. Preparations with the same active substance (montelukast) in the pharmaceutical market are represented quite a lot. These include medicines such as Singular and Singulex, Montelast and Montelukast, Montelar and Monax. All these drugs manufacturers offer patients in several dosages. Almost all of them can be assigned to children.

Many patients respond well to the drug as an effective preventive agent. It is enough for a patient with asthma to take a pill before physical exertion, and chances are that the development of attacks of choking, coughing or bronchospasm can be avoided. In general, "Singlon" is well tolerated by patients (exception - individual intolerance to montelukast).

Sometimes parents report that the children at the beginning of the intake were nausea, a slight vomiting, a feeling of dryness in the mouth. Short-term attacks of suffocation were observed in a small group of patients. Allergy specialists associate these symptoms with an adaptive response to the drug. In most cases, after 3-4 days the state of health is normalized.

However, from time to time you can also hear that "Singlon" provoked the development of such side effects as visual impairment, hallucinations, limb tremors, and a sharp drop in blood pressure. Individual patients had to stop taking the drug and seek advice from an allergist.

But remember: it is not necessary to independently appoint yourself to treat bronchial asthma tablets "Singlon". Instructions prescribe to visit a doctor who will correctly select the dosage of the medication and develop a treatment regimen.