Such a different sinus rhythm

The answer to the question: "What is a normal sinus rhythm?" Begins to torment most people when making a certain diagnosis. Up to this point, the functional features of the heart do not represent a special interest. In this article, a sinus rhythm will be examined in detail.

Normal functioning of the heart is provided by three functions: excitation, automatism and conductivity. Any deviations from the normal operation of these functions lead to the development of all sorts of arrhythmias. A normal heart rhythm is formed in the sinus node and is called a sinus rhythm. Cardiologists when making the diagnosis take into account the fact that the sinus rhythm does not always serve as an indicator of the proper functioning of the heart, some cardiovascular diseases occur without disturbance of the heart rhythm. In newborns, an accelerated sinus rhythm of up to 150 beats is considered normal.

The cardiologist, making on the cardiogram record: "sinus rhythm. Norma ", means the following:

• The QRS complex has a permanent tooth shape P;
• The rhythm of the heart has a frequency of 60-80 strokes;
• The distance P-P or R-R is the same.

The term "sinus rhythm disturbances" denotes arrhythmias and blockades. Any dissonance in the frequency, regularity and consistency of the cardiac activity is called arrhythmia. Cardiac blockades are caused if the excitation from the centers is directly disturbed to the heart muscle.

Arrhythmias in the place of dissonance of the pulse are divided into those that appeared in the ventricles and appeared over the ventricles. Among the doctors accepted the following classification, which reflects the unstable sinus rhythm:

1. Dissonance of pulse formation

• Dissonance associated with a violation of automatism, which includes sinus tachycardias, bradycardias, arrhythmias;
• Dissonance associated with the dominance of automatism: slow or accelerated rhythms, or an intermediate variant, when the rhythm of the heart slows down and accelerates (rhythm driver disruptions);
• Dissonance associated with the re-occurrence of excitation.

2. Dissonance of conductivity: this kind of violations include various kinds of blockades.

3. Combined violations

To diagnose a doctor, you need to find out the patient's anamnesis, obtain data from instrumental and clinical studies. When collecting an anamnesis, the cardiologist will try to obtain information about the presence of bad habits, heredity and transferred diseases. The doctor will necessarily ask when the patient first felt that the sinus rhythm was broken, what sensations he was experiencing at the same time. These data will help determine the nature of violations: accelerated sinus rhythm in the patient or vice versa, slowed down. Very often patients complain of discomfort in the heart area, subjective or objective feelings of heart failure (acceleration or deceleration). Sometimes the development of arrhythmia can pass unnoticed for the patient, and can lead to loss of consciousness. Also arrhythmias are often accompanied by shortness of breath, a feeling of nausea, weakness. Oppressed cardiac activity affects the normal functioning of the respiratory system, which leads to a lack of oxygen.

Help in diagnosing arrhythmia has ECG, and drug therapy will help reduce the negative manifestations of the disease. If the course of the arrhythmia is asymptomatic, then drug therapy is not required provided that the normal size of the heart and the preservation of its contractile function remain intact. If the rhythm disturbance affects normal life activity, the main treatment is aimed at creating an optimal electrolyte background with the appointment of special drugs. If arrhythmia can lead to the death of a patient, cardiosurgeons apply electropulse therapy. Some types of arrhythmias are treated with surgical intervention.