Privatization of state and municipal property as a state task

Measures to transfer the economy to the market development track include a whole range of actions that involve the creation of a new configuration of the economic system as a whole. Such programs are implemented practically in all countries with the so-called transitional type of economy, and therefore the privatization of state and municipal property by itself is a fairly new legal mechanism that continues to improve as experience accumulates in this area of activity. In Russia, these procedures are stipulated in art. 217 CC, which determines that privatization is the process of transferring state property to private individuals or organizations. In the content aspect, this means the termination of the rights of public property and the formation of the rights of frequent property.

Privatization of state property, in whatever forms it was conducted, what motives would not initiate it, always requires the development of a clear legal mechanism for its conduct. This is dictated by the importance of the privatization process for the whole society and the possible negative consequences for society as a whole, in the case of a lack of preparation of the legal side for implementing this policy. Therefore, the privatization of state and municipal property dictates the need for special laws. It can be carried out both on a paid basis and for free, it depends on the specific conditions of the privatization process itself and the characteristics of the property that is included in this turnover.

In Russia, privatization is carried out with respect to the following property:

- land plots.

- enterprises, property and securities, which previously belonged to the state;

- privatization of housing;

For each of these objects, the state determines and implements specific goals of an economic and social nature. So, for example, the goal of privatization of state enterprises was the need to form a layer of individual entrepreneurs, develop the country's social infrastructure , increase the efficiency of business activities, and improve the financial situation. At the initial stages of the privatization, state and municipal enterprises were usually held on a reimbursable basis. But, as historical experience has shown, the first attempts at privatization in Russia were extremely unsuccessful, especially with regard to ensuring their social effect. Therefore, in 2006, the State Program was adopted , which significantly transformed not only the target setting of privatization, but also procedural ones. For example, the main goal of the program is "maximization" of the efficiency of privatization activities with the aim of increasing the competitiveness of the country's economy. The implementation of the program involves the following solutions:

- socially oriented privatization of state and municipal property, withdrawn from the circulation of state use;

- Reducing the number of federal unitary enterprises of state ownership;

- effective restructuring of a number of economic sectors;

- increase in federal revenues.

In the area of the privatization program for housing and land, the following objectives are set:

- creation of favorable conditions for the formation of housing and land markets; - Reduction of expenses directed to housing maintenance at the expense of the state;

- stimulation of effective use of land and land;

- Strengthening social support for agricultural workers.

Proceeding from these goals, the Program assumes that the privatization of state and municipal property should be carried out first on a non-reimbursable basis, and only as we move towards the goals set, we need to implement a phased transition to paid privatization. Such a campaign will ensure the most harmonious combination of interests of the state and citizens during the privatization process.