Pressure sewerage: pipes, principle of operation

Comfortable operation of a country house will not be named if it is not supplemented with a network of engineering communications that will provide the comforts so familiar to a person who lives in a big city. You can carry out such work independently, without resorting to outside help, which will save on builders. As one of the main attributes of a comfortable private home or dacha, of course, there is a sewage system, and one of the options for its construction is the pressure system. It provides for:

• Pump station or single pump;
• Pipeline;
• Capacity or well.

The latter are used for accumulation of waste liquids if there is no access to the central sewerage system. It is important to remember that the pressure sewage system should only be installed if there is no possibility to install a gravity system.

Principle of operation

Pressure sewer works on a certain principle, it provides for the supply of waste liquid from several or one residential building through a system of pipelines that go to a well or other sewage collector. Using a pump that is supplemented with a device for grinding large elements that enter the system with sewage, or a pumping installation, pipelines divert sewage to the central sewerage system.

Is it worth using pressure sewer

Pressure sewer has many advantages, among them it is worth highlighting the possibility of using a long pipeline, which is permissible to have a smaller diameter. Among other things, the financial costs of installation and maintenance of the system can be reduced, because the cleaning facilities will be replaced by a pump.

Such a sewerage system is organized in the shortest possible time, and for the arrangement there is no need to conduct extra earthwork, which in the alternative case would be associated with a large amount of equipment. You can be sure that the danger of clogging is minimized, because the system uses shredders, which are equipped with pumps. Pressure sewage is also distinguished by a long service life, which is explained by the use of strong pipes, as well as specialized installations. This feature is also due to the lack of volume elements in the waste water.

Pipe Selection

One of the important moments in the arrangement of the described system is the choice of pipes for the construction of local sewerage. This is because the products will take on quite frequent and high pressure jumps. The pumping device will start working with a water hammer, which is on the inside surface of the sewage pipeline.

When selecting pipes it is necessary to ensure that they can undergo pressure up to 1.6 MPa. It is important to pay special attention to the strength of the butt joints, since these nodes are the most vulnerable. If you lay the outer pipe in the field of freezing of the soil, you may encounter the appearance of ice caps during operation, this increases the requirements for minimum pipe strength and their elasticity. That is why the products must withstand the expansion of ice at joint junctions.

Not so long ago, the pressure sewage system was equipped only with the use of cast iron pipes, which were able to undergo high loads. This material is characterized by durability, long service life and resistance to aggressive waste fluids. But modern systems have pressure polyethylene in the structure of the pipe.

The method of manufacturing cross-linked polyethylene allows to obtain excellent qualities of elasticity and strength. With their help, you can form bends at small angles. To connect the PVC pipe for sewage, you should use a welding machine, which heats the surfaces to the melting point. As soon as docking is possible, mutual penetration of the molecules takes place, which guarantees high strength of the connection.

Installation of pressure sewage

The laying of pressure sewerage should provide for the construction of an intermediate settler, which is built on the same principles as the treatment plant. Its capacity is made of plastic structures, which are called Eurocubes. Alternative solutions include reinforced concrete rings, a concrete cube or improvised materials, from which a closed sealed circuit can be formed.

The intermediate settler is closed, closed, but provides for a ventilation device for oxygen supply, which is so necessary for the activity of aerobic bacteria. At the bottom of the intermediate settler, the activated sludge will accumulate. Anaerobic bacteria that are able to live without oxygen operate in it. In the process, sludge is formed, which must be removed from time to time with the help of a sewage machine. For this purpose, the intermediate tank must have a hatch whose dimensions will satisfy the needs of these operations.

Recommendations for work

Pressurized external sewer is equipped according to a certain algorithm, in the first stage of which it is necessary to create a project, then pipes and necessary equipment are purchased, and then earth excavation work is carried out. The trenches will be laid in a pipeline. The next step will be the installation of pipes and the installation of a pump. All parts of the system are connected, if possible, domestic sewage can be connected to the central system.

Assembly of a well

Wells of pressure sewage are an important link in the construction of such systems. They should be located near the house, and their bottom should be well waterproofed. Otherwise, there is a possibility that the sewage will be in the ground. Surface finish is carried out with concrete, baked brick or bout. The wall thickness should be approximately 25 cm.

The outer side is insulated with a layer of bitumen, and on the inside of the well it is necessary to plaster and wipe the seams. If the pressure sewage system will have concrete rings in the composition, then they are laid on a special plate. In order to extend the life of the pump, the well must have two sections, the first of which will collect the drains, while the second pump will be installed, it will work after the water is poured from the first compartment and reaches a certain level.

Slope during installation of the pipeline

The slope of the pressure sewer should be about three centimeters per one running meter, this is true for pipes with a diameter of 50 mm or less. If the diameter increases to 110 mm, then the slope should be equal to two centimeters. There is also the greatest possible value for external and internal sewerage. PVC pipes for sewage should be stacked with the view that their total slope from start to finish should be equal to 15 cm. It is important to take into account the freezing level of the soil for installing an external sewage system.

Peculiarities of laying pressure pipes

As is known, one significant advantage of the pressure sewage system is that the pump is capable of providing such a pressure, which allows the elements to be stacked sufficiently long, without taking into account the recommended slope. This is also true for those cases when it is difficult to take this parameter into account at large distances.

Pipes pressure contain a mechanism for grinding. The first of them should have a larger diameter. Such a system can be used, for example, for a vegetable processing workshop. To the pipes of pressureless sewerage there are very few requirements, which can not be said about the pressure system. Pressureless sewerage, which is of an open type, can be laid even over the drain gutters in some areas.

When supplying sewage through pressure pipes, it is necessary to take into account the pressure and mass of the liquid that is in the pipe at a certain moment and in any of the sections. Therefore, such pipes should be laid horizontally, only this way the excess load on them will decrease. It should also be taken into account that due to the materials used and the thickness of the walls, the pressure pipes are heavier, so they are not recommended to be laid on supports or racks, this can only be done with an insignificant length of flight. The pressure can be quite high, so any bending stress is undesirable.

Conclusion

Today, the most successful solution for pressurized sewers is polyethylene pipes, which are in no way different from those made of PVC. But they have a large margin of elasticity and strength, and also have a large wall thickness. For external noise such pipes are almost impenetrable, in that they are not inferior to products made of cast iron.