Pipeline insertion: basic methods and safety requirements

Almost every master faced with the need to tie into the trunk. The technology of work will depend on the material of the pipeline used. Communal systems today are assembled from cast-iron, galvanized and polymer pipes, but for the sake of completeness, all technologies should be considered immediately. So, let's start describing each method separately.

Embedding with the use of polymer reinforcement

The insertion into the pipeline of polymers will be carried out according to a certain technology. At the first stage, it is necessary to reach the main line by digging a foundation pit of a square shape. Its dimensions should be 1.5x1.5 m. Excavation at the initial stage is carried out with the help of special equipment. But as soon as you reach the system of pipelines of the metal tape, which is at the top of the trunk, you should use a shovel to overcome the remaining 40 cm.

After you see the pipe, you can proceed to dig a trench to the building. Having finished with this, you should start equipping the challenge. For this, special clamps are used, which are also called saddles. These elements are collapsible and are used for tapping into the water supply system. They can be compared with tees, the straight-through nozzles of which have two parts. On plastic products you can install single clamps and clips. However, the most appropriate option will be a saddle, because the electrically welded collar is collapsible.

When a tapping into the pipeline is carried out using this technology, the collar must be installed above the tapping point and connected using an electric welding machine. As soon as the work is done, the saddle must be inserted into the body of the pipe, which will ensure a reliable connection and high integrity.

Methods of work

The next step is to drill the pipe using a bit or a conventional drill. The diameter of the tool should be smaller than this parameter, which is characteristic of the upper branch pipe of the saddle. The drill must be inserted into the branch pipe through the shut-off valve that covers the pipes. Drilling is carried out using a special nozzle, which guarantees tightness of the joint.

Some models of saddles suggest the insertion of the crown of the milling cutter into the bends. It should be rotated using a bifurcated key. At the final stage, it will be necessary to start the pipe in a trench, connecting it with a valve. In this case, a crimp coupling is used.

Recommendations of a specialist

When a tapping into the pipeline is carried out according to the technology described above, a manhole can be located at the installation site . To do this, the bottom of the trench deepens, sand and gravel are poured onto it, and then rings are installed, the first of which will have a hole for the pipes. The cushion, if desired, is strengthened by casting of concrete, the thickness of which should be 10 cm. To do this, apply the brand M-150 or M-200. It is important to bring to zero ground level the head of the well with the hatch. This design facilitates the repair of the water supply system. The consumer will have the opportunity to shut off the system using a central valve.

Cutting into the cast iron pipe

When you have a sewage pipe in front of you , the tapping into it is carried out using a different technology. This is due to the fact that metal products are harder than polymeric, but the plasticity of the material is not so high. This indicates that the cast iron can simply burst.

Therefore, with a cut-in, the pipe must be unearthed and rust-cleaned in the place where the work will be done. The top layer of compacted iron should be cut using an angle grinder in the place where you will be introduced. The pipe is fitted with a saddle, and the rubber seal is located between the yoke and the armature. The joint should be sealed.

Technology of work

When the cast iron sewage pipe is before you, at the next stage it is necessary to fix the shut-off valve to the flanged branches of the saddle. Through the first one, the crown is to be wound. The cast-iron pipe is drilled, while it will be necessary to cool the work site and change the broken crowns from time to time. In this case, you need to use a special cutting tool, which has carbide-tipped plates. With the help of other equipment, it will not be possible to cut the material. At the final stage, the crown is removed, the water flow is overlapped, and the external branch is installed according to the standard rules.

Installation of a manhole at the point of insertion

When a tapping into the pipeline is carried out, a manhole can be installed . This action is desirable, but it can be deleted. Steel products with ring stiffness are not inferior to cast-iron fittings, however they are more plastic in comparison with cast iron. This explains the possibility of using the original technology, when there is a cut in the steel pipe. The procedure is similar to that where polymer products are used.

The construction of a tie-in in a steel pipeline is carried out according to a certain technology. The pipe must be cleaned, rust-free and ready for work. The product is welded flange threaded pipe, which is made from the main valve. For the branch pipe, it is permissible to use any kind of tubular steel, the main thing is that the structural steel lies at the base.

Important to remember

When a tapping into the water pipe is carried out, after the seam is formed, it should be checked for strength. From the inside, the surface is smeared with kerosene, and outside it should be marked with chalk. On the outer surface there will be oil stains, which will talk about the defects of the joint.

Features of work

Once you have carried out all the work that was described above, the threaded or flanged valve can be bolted to the nozzle. The pipe is drilled through the valve, and the upper layers can be overcome by an electric drill. The last millimeter you can drill by hand. A branch of an external water supply system is installed behind the valve, which is brought into the house through an open trench.

When a tapping into the water pipe is carried out, the slope of the outer branch of the fitting sleeve must be 2 °, and it must be sent to the house. Once the outer branch can be collected, it should be checked for leaks. The trench must be buried in the place where the frame was made to the house, but this can only be done after the leak test is completed.

Inset in the gas pipeline

The gas pipeline is a structure through which gas is transported. Depending on the purpose, it can be fed under different pressures. For example, in the case of main pipelines, the pressure is quite high, whereas in distribution systems it can vary.

Cutting into the gas pipeline without stopping the work can be done while repairing and connecting individual consumers. The system will operate without interruptions, and the pressure will not be reduced. This technology is still called cold tapping and is sometimes replaced by a more traditional method, which involves pipe welding and is considered labor-intensive.

The insertion into the gas pipeline using plastic pipes is carried out with the help of fittings or fittings. For this, metal elements are used, and the method provides a socket connection, which is glued with special compounds after the installation is completed. The steel insert is treated with compounds that are capable of protecting the surface from rust, since water ingression can lead to corrosion processes.

Cutting is carried out by the method of creating inserts from alloys perpendicular to the pipe. The insert has a length in the range from 70 to 100 mm and is increased by the method of a bell socket connection. This method implies that plastic pipes are placed on the heated steel insert. The method is used to create taps from gas pipelines with insignificant pressure. If the pressure is medium, then before the build-up, it is necessary to apply powdered polyethylene to the site of the future joint, which will ensure tight adherence of the two materials.

Features of the frame

The cutting in the pipeline of cold water supply can be conducted using several technologies. For this, different types of welds can be used, namely:

• T-shaped;
• Butt;
• angular;
• Lapped.

For tapping without pressure relief, not only do-it-yourself saddles are used, but also devices that are known as PGMM. In addition, it is possible to use valves and clamps. If a version with a latch is selected, then a coupling and a branch pipe are welded to the pipe, to which the valve with the chamber joins. The hole must have a cup cutter, after which the cut out fragment is taken out through the chamber, and the gate is closed. When a tapping into the existing pipeline is carried out using this technology, a branch is connected to the flange after carrying out the above operations.

As for the PGMM, it is a device that is designed for tapping without pressure relief. An element is used for gas pipeline systems that have a diameter in the range from 186 to 529 mm. With the help of this device, it is possible to make a cut-in, previously creating holes, the diameter of which will vary from 80 to 140 mm.

Conclusion

If you use a clamp mortise for pipes, you can provide a branch from the main water supply line of the apartment building. It is sometimes required to connect an additional consumer or an irrigation system device. If the system uses water from the well, the tie-in can be performed anywhere. If it is a question of the central water supply, such works are carried out behind the counter of water consumption. The tapping into the pipeline under pressure will differ from the technology described above.

This is due to the fact that the pressure in the internal network is turned off at any time. For this, it will only be necessary to close the central valve. Therefore, to conduct work, you need to prepare a tee. Manipulations will assume the need for draining the water, this is done by opening the lower crane.