Phrase vocabulary: distinctive features and scope

Communication is one of the main purposes of the language and involves the use of a variety of means from the lexical system. Among the numerous ways of presenting in the Russian language, those who, in their functional purpose, belong to the colloquial or bookish style, are mainly singled out. The first option is more often used in everyday everyday speech, which is used in an informal atmosphere or in a friendly dialogue for the exchange of thoughts, feelings and information. It uses colloquial vocabulary, which is characterized by simplicity, semantic capacity and freedom of expression, giving phrases vivacity and coloring.

Speaking vocabulary has developed in the urban environment, so it is devoid of dialectical features and is significantly different from the book language. It can be found both in oral and in written form in the form of letters and notes. In this vocabulary, utterances and phrases are used that have an emotionally expressive coloring (ironic, affectionate, familiar, disapproving, and others). It also limits the use of abstract, foreign words and terminology.

Conversational functional style of speech is characterized by common and neutral phrases (home, weather, time). Suffixes of subjective evaluation are widely used with an exaggerated or diminishing value (sun, Cold, lapushka, mud), with a colloquial tinge: - to - (candle, stove), - yaga (poor fellow, laborer), - yatina (nudyatina, vulgar), - sha (doctor, doctor).

In addition, colloquial vocabulary forms adjectives and verbs of appraising value (thick, ears, glazed, talk, fuck, stiffen, play pranks, etc.). For greater expressiveness, doubling of words is used (good-good, very-very strong-strong, etc.).

The next way of exposition is a book style. It includes several functional varieties: scientific, journalistic, artistic and formal-business. Each of them has its own speech characteristics, due to which there are the same kinds of vocabulary. They obey the established norms of language, correspond to a certain grammatical form and are not subject to rejection. For example, in official business and scientific texts, the use of elements and inclusions from other styles is unacceptable, because they are characterized only by clarity, accuracy and logical sequence.

In some cases, spoken vocabulary can be used in book style, especially in the art genre, where it is required to give the text more emotionality and ease (to stick, in the evening, fool, fool around, etc.). As a rule, such words go beyond the scope of literary speech, and their use must be justified by specific stylistic goals, because in another case they contribute to the clogging of the language. Quite often, colloquial words are used in journalism, in order to somewhat revitalize and decorate the text.